The Effect of Simulated Intrauterine Sound Applied to Preterms

The Effect of Simulated Intrauterine Sound Applied to Preterms on Heart Rate, Oxygen Saturation and Comfort Level

Preterm infants lack intrauterine sounds suitable for their development as they are born early. In addition, they are exposed to many unfamiliar sounds for weeks or months in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) where their follow-up and care are continued. , one of evidences is that the maternal voices have an effect on the physiological, neurobehavioral and autonomic functions of the preterm infants. Also, the fact that the maternal voice is a non-pharmacological and non-invasive application has importance for the preterm infant. Therefore, considering the optimal well-being of the infant, it is predicted that using the applications that simulate the extrauterine environment of the preterm infant to the intrauterine environment would decrease the stress behaviors of the infants and would provide the physiological values to be followed up in the positive direction, and as a result of these, it would contribute to supporting the recovery and shortening the discharge period. The study was planned as a randomized controlled experimental design in order to determine the effect of the sound applied on the 26-37 week-old preterm infants on their heart rate, oxygen saturation and comfort level.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Preterm; Neonatal Intensive Care
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Intrauterine Sound Listening Group 1; Other: Intrauterine Sound Listening Group 2

Detailed Description

Preterm infants lack intrauterine sounds suitable for their development as they are born early. In addition, they are exposed to many unfamiliar sounds for weeks or months in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) where their follow-up and care are continued. It is known that the preterm infants hear the sounds from the extrauterine and respond to these sounds after the 26th gestational week. The types of the sounds and the level of the noise in the NICU is quite different from the uterus environment. The ambient noise composed of the ventilators, monitors, pagers and alarms of NICU take place of the low-frequency maternal voices in the amniotic environment. For this reason, the preterm infants lack the normal audial stimulants and they are disturbed by the sounds in the NICU environment. As a result, the development of the auditory and language skills and the socio-emotional development of the infants may get harmed. The recent evidences have suggested that the auditory learning and voice recognition experiences of the infants are based on their prenatal experiences. Therefore, it is quite important to make the preterm infants listen to their mothers' voice and the heart rate sound which they are lack of due to their preterm birth and therefore keeping them away from the sounds of the NICU environment.

In the light of this information, one of evidences is that the maternal voices have an effect on the physiological, neurobehavioral and autonomic functions of the preterm infants. Also, the fact that the maternal voice is a non-pharmacological and non-invasive application has importance for the preterm infant. Therefore, considering the optimal well-being of the infant, it is predicted that using the applications that simulate the extrauterine environment of the preterm infant to the intrauterine environment would decrease the stress behaviors of the infants and would provide the physiological values to be followed up in the positive direction, and as a result of these, it would contribute to supporting the recovery and shortening the discharge period.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 60
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Turkey
  • Istanbul, Turkey
    • Istanbul University-Cerrahpasa

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 5 months to 8 months (Child)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Description

Inclusion criteria:

• Being at -26-36,6 GW,
• In the first week after birth,
• Absence of a congenital anomaly,
• Not being sedated,
• If the baby has been given eye drops, 4-6 hours have passed,
• 20-30 minutes have passed since the last painful attempt

Exclusion criteria:

• Below 26 GW or above 37 GW,
• Absence in the first week after birth,
• Having a congenital anomaly,
• Being sedated,
• The baby is receiving phototherapy

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Single

Number of Arms

4

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Intrauterine Sound Listening Group 1; This group consisted of 15 infants with 26-32,6 GW. A total of one hour of noise measurement was made inside and outside the incubator before, during and after the procedure. The babies were listened to the sound obtained in 3 time periods. If the baby is fed enterally, the feeding of the baby was completed at 10.15/13.00/16.15 before the application, the baby was placed in the prone position and the baby was rested for 30 minutes to ensure gastric emptying. Before the procedure, the baby was watched with a monitor device and recorded on video between 10.45-11.00/13.30-13.45/16.45-17.00. During the baby procedure, uterine sound was listened to the baby in the prone position monitored with a monitor device and recorded on video between 11:00-11.30/13.45-14.15/17.00-17.30 hours. After the procedure, the baby was watched with a monitor device and recorded on video between 11.30-11.45/14.15 and 14.30/17.30-17.45.	Other: Intrauterine Sound Listening Group 1; This group consisted of 15 infants with 26-32,6 GW. A total of one hour of noise measurement was made inside and outside the incubator before, during and after the procedure. The babies were listened to the sound obtained in 3 time periods. If the baby is fed enterally, the feeding of the baby was completed at 10.15/13.00/16.15 before the application, the baby was placed in the prone position and the baby was rested for 30 minutes to ensure gastric emptying. Before the procedure, the baby was watched with a monitor device and recorded on video between 10.45-11.00/13.30-13.45/16.45-17.00. During the baby procedure, uterine sound was listened to the baby in the prone position monitored with a monitor device and recorded on video between 11:00-11.30/13.45-14.15/17.00-17.30 hours. After the procedure, the baby was watched with a monitor device and recorded on video between 11.30-11.45/14.15 and 14.30/17.30-17.45.
Experimental: Intrauterine Sound Listening Group 2; This group consisted of 15 infants with 33-36,6 GW. A total of one hour of noise measurement was made inside and outside the incubator before, during and after the procedure. The babies were listened to the sound obtained in 3 time periods. If the baby is fed enterally, the feeding of the baby was completed at 10.15/13.00/16.15 before the application, the baby was placed in the prone position and the baby was rested for 30 minutes to ensure gastric emptying. Before the procedure, the baby was watched with a monitor device and recorded on video between 10.45-11.00/13.30-13.45/16.45-17.00. During the baby procedure, uterine sound was listened to the baby in the prone position monitored with a monitor device and recorded on video between 11:00-11.30/13.45-14.15/17.00-17.30 hours. After the procedure, the baby was watched with a monitor device and recorded on video between 11.30-11.45/14.15 and 14.30/17.30-17.45.	Other: Intrauterine Sound Listening Group 2; This group consisted of 15 infants with 33-36,6 GW. A total of one hour of noise measurement was made inside and outside the incubator before, during and after the procedure. The babies were listened to the sound obtained in 3 time periods. If the baby is fed enterally, the feeding of the baby was completed at 10.15/13.00/16.15 before the application, the baby was placed in the prone position and the baby was rested for 30 minutes to ensure gastric emptying. Before the procedure, the baby was watched with a monitor device and recorded on video between 10.45-11.00/13.30-13.45/16.45-17.00. During the baby procedure, uterine sound was listened to the baby in the prone position monitored with a monitor device and recorded on video between 11:00-11.30/13.45-14.15/17.00-17.30 hours. After the procedure, the baby was watched with a monitor device and recorded on video between 11.30-11.45/14.15 and 14.30/17.30-17.45.
No Intervention: Control Group 1; This group consisted of 15 infants with 26-32,6 GW. A total of one hour of noise measurement was made inside and outside the incubator before, during and after the procedure. Babies in this group were followed up at specified time intervals without any intervention. If the baby is fed enterally, the feeding of the baby was completed at 10.15/13.00/16.15 before the application, the baby was placed in the prone position and the baby was rested for 30 minutes to ensure gastric emptying. The baby was watched with a monitor device and recorded on video between 10.45-11.00/13.30-13.45/16.45-17.00 hours; 11:00-11.30/13.45-14.15/17.00-17.30 hours; 11.30-11.45/14.15- 14.30/17.30-17.45.
No Intervention: Control Group 2; This group consisted of 15 infants with 33-36,6 GW. A total of one hour of noise measurement was made inside and outside the incubator before, during and after the procedure. Babies in this group were followed up at specified time intervals without any intervention. If the baby is fed enterally, the feeding of the baby was completed at 10.15/13.00/16.15 before the application, the baby was placed in the prone position and the baby was rested for 30 minutes to ensure gastric emptying. The baby was watched with a monitor device and recorded on video between 10.45-11.00/13.30-13.45/16.45-17.00 hours; 11:00-11.30/13.45-14.15/17.00-17.30 hours; 11.30-11.45/14.15- 14.30/17.30-17.45.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Newborn Comfort Behavior Scale (COMFORTneo)	The comfort scale (CS) is a scale developed by Ambuel et al., (1992) in order to assess the distress of the children taking the mechanic ventilation support and followed up in the pediatric intensive care unit. The scale was revised by Van Dijk et al. (2009) and developed only for assessing behaviors in the newborns without the physiological parameters. While the lowest score to be obtained from the scale is 6, the highest score is 30. A high score indicates that the infant does not feel comfortable and needs interventions to provide comfort and also 4-6 points indicate moderate pain and distress and 7-10 points indicate severe pain and distress. Kahraman et al., (2014) conducted the Turkish validity and reliability study of the scale with the infants of 24-42 GW.	5 minutes
Heart rate	The heart rate of the infants will measured as monitorized.	1 minutes
Peripheral oxygen saturation level	The peripheral oxygen saturation level of the infants will measured as monitorized.	1 minutes
Noise level	Noise measurement will be made with noise meter from the outside of the incubator during the hours when the study would be conducted.	1 minutes
Sound level	In order for the baby to hear the sound created in the incubator; Before each procedure, a noise measuring device was placed in the incubator and the level of sound heard by the baby in the incubator was recorded as dBA. Then the Mp3 device is set to the appropriate volume.	1 minutes

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Istanbul University - Cerrahpasa (IUC)
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Müjde ÇALIKUŞU İNCEKAR, PhD, Yuksek Ihtisas University; Principal Investigator: Gökhan DENEÇ, PhD, Istanbul Technical University; Principal Investigator: Ayhan TAŞTEKİN, MD, Medipol University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): August 15, 2020
• Primary Completion (Actual): May 31, 2022
• Study Completion (Actual): May 31, 2022

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: March 2, 2023
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 28, 2023
• First Posted (Actual): April 10, 2023

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): April 10, 2023
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 28, 2023
• Last Verified: March 1, 2023

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Sound
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Pregnancy Complications; Obstetric Labor Complications; Obstetric Labor, Premature; Premature Birth
• Other Study ID Numbers: IUC-B-M-001

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No