Assessment of Anxiety, Depression, Sleep Quality and Quality of Life in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Patients

The goal of this case control observational study is to asses anxiety, sleep, depression and quality of life in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) patients.

The main aims are:

• asses anxiety, sleep, depression and quality of life in SLE patients
• their relation to disease activity

we will compare SLE patients to healthy subjects.

Study Overview

• Status: Recruiting
• Conditions: Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

Detailed Description

All patients will be subjected to clinical evaluation (full history and examination, laboratory evaluation (include erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) measured by standard westergren method (mm/h), serum C-reactive protein (CRP), complete blood count (CBC), serum urea and creatinine, aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), complete urine analysis for: urinary casts (hyaline, granular), hematuria (RBCs/ high power field), pyuria (WBCs/ high power field), 24-hour urinary protein and creatinine clearance. Immunological work up will include antinuclear antibodies (ANA) by ELISA, anti-double stranded DNA (ds-DNA) by ELISA and complement components C3 and C4 by nephelometry. Disease activity will be assessed via SLE disease activity index (SLEDAI): SLEDAI is based on the presence of 24 descriptors in nine organ systems over the preceding 30 days. Descriptors of SLEDAI are documented as present or absent. Each of the descriptors has a weighted score and the total score of SLEDAI is the sum of all 24 descriptor scores. The total score falls between 0 and 105, with higher scores representing higher disease activity.

Psychological assessment will be performed according to the following scales

• Hamilton Anxiety Rating Scale (HAM-A): It consists of 14 items and measures both psychic and somatic anxiety (physical complaints related to anxiety). Each item is scored on a scale of 0 (not present) to 4 (severe), with a total score range of 0-56, where a score ≤ 17 indicates mild anxiety, 18-24 mild to moderate anxiety, , 25-30 moderate to severe anxiety and scores >30 indicate severe anxiety.
• Hamilton Depression Rating Scale: the original scale has 21 items, but scoring is based only on the first 17. Scores less than or equal to 7 indicates normal response, 8-13 mild depression, 14-18 Moderate, 19-22 severe, and > 22 very severe depression.

Sleep quality assessment was done via

• Insomnia severity index (ISI) : contains seven domains assessing sleep-onset difficulties, sleep maintenance, sleep satisfaction, effect on daily functioning, impairment attributed to sleep problems, and distress associated with insomnia. Each item is rated on a 0-4 scale, and the total score ranges from 0 to 28. A higher score suggests more severe insomnia.
• Epworth sleepiness scale : subjects describe how often they fall asleep in certain situations on a scale of 0-3, with total scores ranging from 0 to 24. An ESS score ≥ 10 is indicative of subjective excessive daytime sleepiness and score > 16 indicates high level of daytime sleepiness.

Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index the first 4 items are open questions, whereas items 5 to 19 are rated on a 4-point Likert scale. Individual items scores yield 7 components (sleep duration, sleep disturbance, sleep latency, daytime dysfunction due to sleepiness, sleep efficiency, overall sleep quality, and sleep medication use). The scores for each component are summed to get a total score (range 0-21). A score > 5 suggests poor sleep quality.

Assessment of Health status and quality of life via short form health survey (SF36):Thirty-five of the 36 items are grouped into eight scales: physical functioning, role limitations due to physical problems, bodily pain, general health, vitality, social functioning, role limitations due to emotional problems, and mental health. One item assesses perception of changes in health over the last year but is not used calculate scale scores. Higher scores indicate high quality of life.

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Estimated): 62

Contacts and Locations

• Study Contact: Name: Maha Abdelrahman, MD,PhD; Phone Number: +201011212050; Email: mahasayed@aun.edu.eg

Study Locations

• Egypt
  • Assiut, Egypt, 71515
    • Recruiting
    • Faculty of medicine, Assiut university hospital

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Adult; Older Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

• Sampling Method: Probability Sample

Study Population

SLE patients and healthy control

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients diagnosed with SLE according to the 2012 systemic lupus international collaborating clinics (SLICC) criteria .

Exclusion Criteria:

• Evidence of end-organ failures such as heart failure, liver cell or renal failure,
• History of psychological disorders .

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Number of groups / cohorts

2

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort
control
cases

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Evaluation of insomnia in SLE patients by Insomnia severity index	insomnia severity index contains seven domains assessing sleep-onset difficulties, sleep maintenance, sleep satisfaction, effect on daily functioning, impairment attributed to sleep problems, and distress associated with insomnia. Each item is rated on a 0-4 scale, and th e total score ranges from 0 to 28. A higher score suggests more severe insomnia	3 MONTHS
evaluation of excessive daytime sleepiness in SLE patients by Epworth sleepiness scale	Subjects describe how often they fall asleep in certain situations on a scale of 0-3, with total scores ranging from 0 to 24. An ESS score ≥ 10 is indicative of subjective excessive daytime sleepiness and score > 16 indicates high level of daytime sleepiness	3 months
evaluation of anxiety in SLE patients by hamilton anxiety rating scale	It consists of 14 items and measures both psychic and somatic anxiety (physical complaints related to anxiety). Each item is scored on a scale of 0 (not present) to 4 (severe), with a total score range of 0-56, where a score ≤ 17 indicates mild anxiety, 18-24 mild to moderate anxiety, , 25-30 moderate to severe anxiety and scores >30 indicate severe anxiety	3 months
evaluation of depression in SLE patients by hamilton depression rating scale	The original scale has 21 items, but scoring is based only on the first 17 with total score ranges from 0 to 52. Scores less than or equal to 7 indicates normal response, 8-13 mild depression, 14-18 Moderate, 19-22 severe, and > 22 very severe depression.	3 months
evaluation of QoL in SLE patients by short form health survey (sf36 )	Thirty-five of the 36 items are grouped into eight scales: physical functioning, role limitations due to physical problems, bodily pain, general health, vitality, social functioning, role limitations due to emotional problems, and mental health. One item assesses perception of changes in health over the last year but is not used calculate scale scores. Mean score ranges from 0 to100. High scores indicate lower disability	3 months
evaluation of sleep quality and disturbances in SLE patients by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index	The first 4 items are open questions, whereas items 5 to 19 are rated on a 4-point Likert scale. Individual items scores yield 7 components (sleep duration, sleep disturbance, sleep latency, daytime dysfunction due to sleepiness, sleep efficiency, overall sleep quality, and sleep medication use). The scores for each component are summed to get a total score (range 0-21). A score > 5 suggests poor sleep quality	3 months

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Correlation of disease activity (SLEDAI) with Hamilton anxiety rating scale, Hamilton depression rating scale, Epworth sleepiness scale,Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and short form health survey sf 36	The SLEDAI consists of 24 items (nine organ systems) that are scored based on presence at the time of visit or in the preceding 10 days. The scoring is additive across items, with a possible total score range of 0 to 105 (higher scores represent greater disease activity).	3 months

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Assiut University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): August 14, 2023
• Primary Completion (Estimated): February 1, 2024
• Study Completion (Estimated): March 1, 2024

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: July 25, 2023
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: July 25, 2023
• First Posted (Actual): August 2, 2023

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): September 18, 2023
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: September 15, 2023
• Last Verified: September 1, 2023

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Immune System Diseases; Autoimmune Diseases; Connective Tissue Diseases; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic
• Other Study ID Numbers: AssiutU SLE