Static Stretching Exercises and Ultrasound Elastography Evaluation

Acute Effects of Static Stretching Exercises and the Mulligan Bent Leg Raise Technique on Hamstring Muscle Stiffness: an Ultrasound Elastography Evaluation

The aim of thid study was to compare two methods applied to increase the flexibility of the hamstring muscles and objectively evaluate changes in muscle stiffness using the two-dimensional shear wave ultrasound elastography (2D SWE) method. Thirty asymptomatic young individuals with hamstring shortness were divided into two groups by simple randomization. The Mulligan bent leg raise (BLR) technique was applied to the first group, and passive static stretching exercises to the second group. Hamstring flexibility was evaluated with the sit-and-reach test, and muscle stiffness with the 2D SWE method.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Elastography; Muscle Stretching Exercise; Hamstring Muscle
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Mulligan bent leg raise technique; Other: Static stretching exercise

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 30
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Turkey
  • Merkez
    • Isparta, Merkez, Turkey, 32200
      • Süleyman Demirel Üniversitesi

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Having a limitation of more than 25° in the active knee extension test
• Only engaged in recreational sports during the study period

Inclusion Criteria:

• Having a history of lower extremity injury within the last two years
• Not volunteering to participate in the study.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Mulligan bent leg raise technique; A single session of 3 repetitions of Mulligan bent leg raise was applied to the participants.	Other: Mulligan bent leg raise technique; In this study, while the participant was lying on his back on a high bed, the physiotherapist sat on the lateral side of the leg to be treated, placing the popliteal fossa of the participant's knee on his shoulder. The hip and knee of the leg to be stretched were placed in 90° flexion. Distraction was applied to the lower end of the femur, and the participant was asked to push the physiotherapist's shoulder with his leg and then relax. At this relaxation point, the physiotherapist pushed the flexed knee as far as possible in the direction of the ipsilateral shoulder in a painless range.
Experimental: Static stretching exercise; A single session of 5 repetitive stretching exercises was performed on the participants.	Other: Static stretching exercise; The participant lay on a stretcher in the supine position with his back straight. The physiotherapist placed the participant's leg on his shoulder with the knee in full extension and supported by the ankle and flexed the hip as much as possible until a tension was felt in the posterior thigh. This position was maintained for 30 seconds.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Back-saver sit-and-reach test	The difference between the back-saver sit-and-reach test and the classical sit-and-reach test is that the former is applied unilaterally. The test was administered using the sit-and-reach test box. The participants were asked to sit on a flat surface and rest the sole of one of their feet flat on the end of the box while keeping the other leg flat on the floor by flexing the knee and hips to 90° and 45° sequentially. Maintaining this position, they were asked to place one hand on the other with their palms facing down, slide their hands on the measuring board, slowly reach forward, wait for a second or two at the last point reached	Up to 2 months

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Two-dimensional Shear Wave Elastography	All 2D SWE examinations were performed by a specialist radiologist using the Philips EPIQ-7 (EPIQ Elite Diagnostic Ultrasound System Release 7.0.5 Philips) device with an 18-4 MHz linear probe. These measurements were made with the patient lying in the prone position, with the knees in full extension, the ankle at the end of the stretcher, and the feet hanging down. The probe was placed longitudinally in the middle 1/3 of the hamstring muscles. The participants were asked to keep their muscles in a relaxed position, and no extra pressure was applied to the probe to avoid tissue compression that could artificially affect the measured tissue stiffness	Up to 2 months

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Suleyman Demirel University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): January 5, 2023
• Primary Completion (Actual): April 10, 2023
• Study Completion (Actual): February 28, 2024

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: July 20, 2023
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: July 31, 2023
• First Posted (Actual): August 8, 2023

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): March 21, 2024
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 20, 2024
• Last Verified: March 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Other Study ID Numbers: SuleymanDUtahirkeskin03

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No