Predictive Value of Neuromuscular Ultrasound of Cranial Nerves in Guillain-Barré Syndrome

December 28, 2023 updated by: mohamed abdallah abdalraziq ahmed, Assiut University
  1. Sensitivity and specificity of cranial neuromuscular US to detect the prognosis of Guillain Barre Syndrome
  2. Correlation of US values with motor, respiratory and autonomic complications of Guillain Barre Syndrome

Study Overview

Status

Not yet recruiting

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a dangerous and under certain circumstances life-threatening immune-mediated polyneuropathy of acute onset, often subsequent to respiratory or diarrheal illness. Patients usually present with distal onset of slight sensory symptoms such as numbness and tingling followed by ascending weakness of arms and legs, often involving cranial nerves Typical clinical findings are symmetric, flaccid paresis, reduced or absent deep tendon reflexes, and slight sensory symptoms only. Many variants of GBS such as pharyngeal-brachial or bulbar variants exist; the Miller-Fisher syndrome (MFS) with ataxia, areflexia, and oculomotor dysfunction; or the Elsberg syndrome with accentuated involvement of the autonomic nervous system. Diagnosis of GBS is normally based on typical clinical onset, laboratory findings, and electrophysiological studies.

In literature, Campylobacter jejuni infection is the most commonly identified precipitant of GBS. Cytomegalovirus, Epstein-Barr virus, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), and Zika virus have also been reported with GBS [5]. A small percentage of patients develop GBS after other triggering events such as immunization, surgery, trauma, and bone-marrow transplantation.

Autonomic dysfunction (AD) in GBS predominantly occurs in the acute phase of the illness but can manifest in the recovery phase too. The exact mechanism remains unknown but probably involves dysfunction in the sympathetic and parasympathetic systems [8].

AD in GBS is observed in 70% of the cases [7]; features including tachycardia, bradycardia, facial flushing, hypertension alternating with hypotension, orthostatic hypotension, anhydrosis or diaphoresis, and urinary retention while gastrointestinal autonomic manifestation includes diarrhea or constipation [9]. Severe autonomic dysfunction is an important factor to recognize and treat accordingly as this is occasionally associated with a sudden death rate of 5-7% [10,11].

Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) is often accompanied by respiratory failure that necessitates mechanical ventilation (MV).1 About 20-30% of cases require respiratory support.2-4 Major complications, including pulmonary infections, sepsis and pulmonary embolism, are reported in 60% of intubated patients with GBS.5, 6 The worldwide mortality rate for ventilated patients ranges from 15% to 30%, with survivors usually having poor outcomes.7 . Multiple clinical and biological parameters have been identified as risk factors for impending respiratory failure in GBS,9, 10 including cranial nerve involvement, disability grade on admission, rapidly progressive motor weakness, an absence of deep tendon reflexes, autonomic dysfunction, and features of nerve conduction block on electromyography.11-14

Facial nerve is commonly involved in GBS, occurring in at least half of patients. Other cranial nerves like bulbar nerves, abducent, oculomotor, optic, hypoglossal nerves are less often affected Ultrasound (US) is a reliable, effective, noninvasive, and well tolerated technique that allows multiple nerves to be examined in a relatively short period. Ultrasound (US) studies have demonstrated patchy enlargement of cranial nerves in Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). However, whether ultrasound yields useful information for early classification of GBS has not been established. We aimed to evaluate nerve ultrasound in patients with GBS in assuit university hospital. As confirmed in acquired immune-mediated neuropathies and inherited demyelinating neuropathies peripheral nerves can exhibit quantifiable enlargement in increased cross-sectional areas (CSA).

We follow up the patient to see improvement and accordingly we see the predictive value of neuromuscular ultrasound of cranial nerves in Guillain-Barré syndrome

Study Type

Observational

Enrollment (Estimated)

102

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact Backup

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Sampling Method

Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) is a dangerous and under certain circumstances life-threatening immune-mediated polyneuropathy of acute onset, often subsequent to respiratory or diarrheal illness. Patients usually present with distal onset of slight sensory symptoms such as numbness and tingling followed by ascending weakness of arms and legs, often involving cranial nerves Typical clinical findings are symmetric, flaccid paresis, reduced or absent deep tendon reflexes, and slight sensory symptoms only. Many variants of GBS such as pharyngeal-brachial or bulbar variants exist; the Miller-Fisher syndrome (MFS) with ataxia, areflexia, and oculomotor dysfunction; or the Elsberg syndrome with accentuated involvement of the autonomic nervous system. Diagnosis of GBS is normally based on typical clinical onset, laboratory findings, and electrophysiological studies.

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Patients fulfilling the diagnostic criteria of GBS within the first 2 weeks.
  • Age: 18-65
  • Both sexes

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Past history of previous similar condition or history suggestive of CIDP.
  • Any proved alternative diagnosis like hypo- or hyperkalemic paralysis, porphyria, or myositis.
  • Other possible causes of peripheral neuropathy, diabetes, renal, and other metabolic disorders.
  • History of Autonomic or cardiopulmonary dysfunction before the onset of symptoms.
  • Patients who refused to participate or sign an informed consent.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort
Intervention / Treatment
Guillain-Barré syndrome patients
neuromuscular ultrasound of cranial nerves
Device: neuromuscular ultrasound of cranial nerves
neuromuscular ultrasound of cranial nerves.
normal participants
neuromuscular ultrasound of cranial nerves
Device: neuromuscular ultrasound of cranial nerves
neuromuscular ultrasound of cranial nerves.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Predictive value of neuromuscular ultrasound of cranial nerves in Guillain-Barré syndrome
Time Frame: baseline
analysis of ultrasound results and follfow up of the cases to see if neuromuscular ultrasound of cranial nerves can predict the prognosis in Guillain-Barré syndrome
baseline

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Assiut University

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Estimated)

January 8, 2024

Primary Completion (Estimated)

January 8, 2025

Study Completion (Estimated)

June 8, 2025

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

December 28, 2023

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

December 28, 2023

First Posted (Estimated)

January 11, 2024

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Estimated)

January 11, 2024

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

December 28, 2023

Last Verified

December 1, 2023

More Information

Terms related to this study

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • U/S of cranial nerves in GBS

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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