Effect of a Dual-task Intervention Program on Physical and Cognitive Function

Effect of a Dual-task Intervention Program on Physical and Cognitive Function in Institutionalized Older Adults: a Randomized Clinical Trial

Aim: to compare the effects of single-task (ST) and dual-task (DT) training on physical and cognitive function in institutionalized older adults in 1 month.

Methods: Participants were assigned randomly into two groups, ST (multicomponent physical exercise) and DT training (multicomponent physical exercise + cognitive tasks). Both groups performed the exercise three times per week for 1 month. Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), handgrip strength, Barthel Index and Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) were used to assess physical and cognitive performance, respectively. Variables were measured at the beginning (V1),at the end of the exercise (V2), as well as one month later (V3). Paired Student's t-test and lineal logistic regressions models were used to explore the effect of the exercise interventions.

Study Overview

• Status: Active, not recruiting
• Conditions: Fragility; Functional Movement Disorder
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: Single-Task; Other: Dual-Task

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 24
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Chile
  • Santiago
    • Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile, 7750495
      • Universidad de las Américas

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Older Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Institutionalized older people between 65 and 75
• mild to moderate cognitive impairment

Exclusion Criteria:

• Acute or chronic pathologies that prevent exercise

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Single

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Active Comparator: Simple-Task (multicomponent physical exercise); Single-task (ST) training group developed an exercise program based on Functional Exercise Circuit (FEC) protocol	Other: Single-Task; Single-task (ST) training group developed an exercise program based on Functional Exercise Circuit (FEC) protocol. This exercise program has been published previously12, which considered 15 different exercises in a functional exercise circuit.
Experimental: Dual-Task training (multicomponent physical exercise + cognitive tasks); Dual-task (DT) training group performed motor (FEC) plus cognitive tasks	Other: Dual-Task; DT training (multicomponent physical exercise + cognitive tasks)

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB)	The SPPB is a battery of tests that include: the 4-meter walking test (4MWT) performed at usual pace, the 5-times sit-to-stand test (5STS), and Romberg balance test, assessing the ability of standing upright in three progressively standing conditions (feet together, semi-tandem and full-tandem) for a maximum period of ten seconds. SPPB scores range from 0 (inability to complete the test) to 4 (best performance), obtaining a total score ranging from 0 (worst performance) to 12 (best performance)14.	4 weeks

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA)	MoCA15 was used to assess cognitive status. This test evaluates older adults' attention, language, calculation, orientation, construction, visual and memory. This test has been validated in Spanish16and has cut-off scores adjusted to the Chilean population17. maximum score is 30 points, where 26 points or more is considered normal	4 weeks
Barthel Index	Disability status was assessed by the Barthel Index18. This test measures the individual's independence in Basic Activities of Daily Living (BADLs). Barthel Index classifies individuals in four categories: severe disability (scores from 0 to 60), moderate disability (scores from 65 to 85), mild disability (from 90 to 95) and no disability (scores of 100).	4 weeks
Isometric Handgrip Strength (IHS)	IHS in both hands were evaluated by using a hydraulic JAMAR dynamometer (J. A. Preston Corporation, Clifton, NJ, USA) following standard procedures19. The best of two performances with one minute of resting between them was registered.	4 weeks
Immobility Syndrome Scale	Staging of dismobility was assessed by the tool proposed by Dinamarca (ETADI) 20. ETADI tries to classify older individuals according to their immobility level: stage 1 corresponds to the level in which the patient can spend most of the day in standing, stage 2, sedentary, and stages 3, 4 and 5 correspond to the substages of bed rest. Sub-stage "A" is related to greater independence and "B" to greater dependence on the patient.	4 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: University of Americas

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): November 8, 2023
• Primary Completion (Actual): March 5, 2024
• Study Completion (Estimated): April 5, 2024

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: April 5, 2024
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 9, 2024
• First Posted (Actual): April 12, 2024

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): April 12, 2024
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 9, 2024
• Last Verified: April 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: physical function; dual task exercise; institutionalized
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Mental Disorders; Central Nervous System Diseases; Nervous System Diseases; Personality Disorders; Somatoform Disorders; Histrionic Personality Disorder; Movement Disorders; Conversion Disorder; Hysteria
• Other Study ID Numbers: CEC_FP_2023042

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No