Effect of Stellate Ganglion Block on Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting

Effect of Right⁃Stellate Ganglion Block on Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting in Patients Undergoing Thyroid Surgery

Postoperative nausea and vomiting is one of the most common postoperative complications second only to postoperative pain. Studies have reported that without any antiemetic prevention treatment, the overall incidence of PONV in surgical operations is up to 20-30%, and the incidence of PONV in high-risk patients such as thyroid surgery is even up to 70-80%. PONV not only increased discomfort and prolonged hospital stay; Severe cases can lead to wound dehysis, acid-base imbalance, water and electrolyte metabolism disorders, seriously affect the prognosis of patients. Although various prevention and treatment measures have been adopted in clinical practice, it still cannot be completely eliminated. Therefore, postoperative nausea and vomiting of thyroid is still a concern in clinical anesthesia work, so it is urgent to explore more simple and effective measures to prevent thyroid PONV. SGB is the injection of local anesthetics into loose connective tissue containing stellate ganglion. It has a clear effect on postoperative analgesia of thyroid surgery, and can play a certain role in preventing thyroid PONV by reducing the application of perioperative opioids. Few studies have reported that the incidence of PONV can be significantly reduced after the application of SGB in patients with thyroid surgery, which provides a certain basis for the prevention of thyroid PONV. Therefore, this study aims to explore the effect of right stellate ganglion block on preventing postoperative nausea and vomiting of thyroid, and to explore the possible mechanism of action.

Study Overview

• Status: Recruiting
• Conditions: Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting; Stellate Ganglion Block; Thyroid Surgery
• Intervention / Treatment: Procedure: Right -stellate ganglion block

Detailed Description

Postoperative nausea and vomiting is one of the most common postoperative complications second only to postoperative pain. Studies have reported that without any antiemetic prevention treatment, the overall incidence of PONV in surgical operations is up to 20-30%, and the incidence of PONV in high-risk patients such as thyroid surgery is even up to 70-80%. The pathogenesis of postoperative nausea and vomiting is very complex, including central, peripheral receptors and multiple nerve pathways. When peripheral receptors are stimulated, the signal passes through the afferent nerve to the vomiting center, causing nausea and vomiting. The emetic chemical receptors are rich in many receptors, which can directly feel various toxins, metabolites or drugs in the blood and cerebrospinal fluid, project signals to the nerve center and then spread to the cerebral cortex, causing nausea and vertigo, or transmit signals along the vagus nerve, glossopharyngeal nerve, spinal nerve, etc. to the digestive tract, diaphragm and abdominal wall muscles, resulting in the opening of the sphincter in the upper esophagus and strong contraction of the diaphragm. Abdominal muscles contract, so that the stomach pressure increases, stomach contents through the digestive tract is expelled from the body, vomiting.

Thyroid, as the endocrine organ of human body, mainly secretes thyroid hormone and participates in human metabolism. With the progress of modern medical technology, although thyroid postoperative complications have decreased, due to the limited operating space of thyroid surgery, in order to fully exposed the surgical field of vision and facilitate the operation of surgeons, patients often take the cervical hyperextension position, that is, patients take the supine position with high shoulder pads. Tilt your head back so that your lower jaw, trachea, and sternum are at the same level, allowing the thyroid gland to protrate forward as much as possible. Although this position is easy for surgeons to operate, due to the complex anatomical structure around the thyroid gland, adjacent to important blood vessels and nerves, this position often causes thyroid surgical position syndrome in patients, that is, nausea and vomiting, dizziness, headache, tinnitus, neck radiation pain and other symptoms, which not only increases patients' pain, but also seriously reduces patients' medical experience.

Stellate ganglion block has been proved to be widely used in clinic and can play a positive role in multiple organs and systems of the whole body. In clinical work, stellate ganglion block is more widely used in the treatment of various pain, autonomic nerve disorders and other diseases. However, there are few clinical studies on whether stellate ganglion block can be used as an effective and feasible means to prevent postoperative nausea and vomiting and the related mechanisms to prevent the possible occurrence of nausea and vomiting. Therefore, this study will explore the preventive effect of stellate ganglion block on postoperative thyroid nausea and vomiting, and hope to explore its possible mechanism, so as to provide more effective and feasible methods for clinical prevention of postoperative nausea and vomiting and improve patients' medical comfort and satisfaction.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Estimated): 200
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

• Study Contact: Name: ling Dan, BD; Phone Number: 86 13983072922; Email: 302069@hospital.cqmu.edu.cn

Study Locations

• China
  • Chongqing
    • Chongqing, Chongqing, China, 400000
      • Recruiting
      • The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
      • Contact: ling Dan, BD; Phone Number: 86 13983072922; Email: 302069@hospital.cqmu.edu.cn

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Adult; Older Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Receiving thyroid surgery under general anesthesia
2. Age ≥18 years and ≤ 70 years
3. American Society of Anesthesiologists(ASA) physical status classification I-III.
4. Voluntary participation and ability to understand and sign the informed consent form.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Patients with obesity(BMI>30 kg/m2)
2. contraindicated to stellate ganglion block
3. Patients who cannot cooperate with the study for any reason, or whom the investigator deems unsuitable for inclusion in this trial.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Health Services Research
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Triple

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Right stellate ganglion block; Right -stellate ganglion block was given 30minutes before anesthesia induction.	Procedure: Right -stellate ganglion block; The experimental group was given right stellate ganglion block 30 minutes before anesthesia induction
No Intervention: Blank control group; No treatment was given 30 minutes before anesthesia induction

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Incidence of Postoperative nausea and vomiting	Postoperative nausea and vomiting is evaluated by follow-up	From end of surgery to 24 hours after surgery

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Incidence of Postoperative nausea and vomiting during preemptive analgesia	Postoperative nausea and vomiting is evaluated by investigator's follow-up	From 0-10 min after preemptive analgesia
Intensity of nausea and vomiting during preemptive analgesia	Intensity of nausea and vomiting is evaluated by numeric rating scale (0-10), which higher socre represents more uncomfortable	From 0-10 min after preemptive analgesia
Intensity of nausea and vomiting during hospitalization	Intensity of nausea and vomiting is evaluated by numeric rating scale (0-10), which higher socre represents more uncomfortable	From end of surgery to 24 hours after surgery
Hemodynamic parameters after preemptive analgesia	Systolic blood pressure，dastolic blood pressure，mean arterial pressure，heart rate，oxygen saturation，Patient state index	From 0-10 min after preemptive analgesia
Postoperative pain intensity	Postoperative pain intensity is assessed by numeric rating scale (0-10), which higher socre represents more uncomfortable	From end of surgery to 24 hours after surgery
Recovery of gastrointestinal function	Gastrointestinal function is is assessed by the evacuation time	From end of surgery to 24 hours after surgery
Sleep quality	Sleep quality is is assessed by numeric rating scale (0-10), which higher socre represents better sleep quality	From end of surgery to 1 day after surgery
Satisfaction score and postoperative analgesia satisfaction score	Satisfaction score and postoperative analgesia satisfaction score is assessed by numeric rating scale (0-10), which higher socre represents more uncomfortable	From end of surgery to hospital discharge with about 5 days

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: ling Dan, BD, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): April 17, 2023
• Primary Completion (Estimated): May 30, 2024
• Study Completion (Estimated): August 30, 2024

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: April 14, 2024
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 14, 2024
• First Posted (Actual): April 17, 2024

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): April 26, 2024
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 24, 2024
• Last Verified: April 1, 2023

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Pathologic Processes; Neoplasms; Postoperative Complications; Cysts; Signs and Symptoms, Digestive; Connective Tissue Diseases; Mucinoses; Nausea; Vomiting; Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting; Ganglion Cysts; Synovial Cyst
• Other Study ID Numbers: PONV of Thyroid Surgery

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: YES
• IPD Plan Description: all IPD that underlie results in a publication

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No