Impact of mHealth Implementation Program on Improving Nursing Students' Lifestyle (mHealth)

Impact of mHealth Implementation Program on Improving Nursing Students' Lifestyle: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Healthy lifestyles are crucial for preventing chronic diseases. This study evaluated the effectiveness of mHealth intervention program in adopting healthy lifestyles.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Healthy Lifestyle
• Intervention / Treatment: Behavioral: Education program

Detailed Description

Healthy lifestyles are crucial for preventing chronic diseases. Nonetheless, approximately 90% of university students regularly engage in at least one unhealthy lifestyle. Mobile smart devices-based health interventions (mHealth) that incorporate theoretical frameworks regarding behavioral change in interaction with the environment may provide an appealing and cost-effective approach for promoting sustainable adaptations of healthier lifestyles.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of mHealth intervention program compared to traditional (face-to-face) program in adopting healthy lifestyles among students of the Faculty of Nursing.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 220
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Saudi Arabia
  • Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
    • College of Nursing Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• male or female nurse student
• aged 19-24 years
• with BMI ≥ 18.5
• capable of performing physical activity
• owner of a smartphone
• ready to use different social media

Exclusion Criteria:

• on diet regimen or have a history of diet regimen
• with history of chronic diseases e.g., DM, hypothyroidism or other endocrinal diseases
• with history of medications that may cause weight gain e.g., antipsychotics, antidepressants, antiepileptics or steroids
• with mental or psychological disorders

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Other
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: mHealth education program; They received 1 session every 2 weeks for 3 months using Zoom meeting (each session lasts for 1 hour). The message emphasizes the importance of quality of life and positive psychology and highlights the steps to change one's lifestyle, including self-reflection, habit modification, and commitment to a comprehensive lifestyle change include importance of physical activity, management of stress, quality and quantity of sleep and specific recommendations are provided regarding drinking water, organizing meals, and adopting a healthy balanced diet with attention to portion sizes. Daily engagement with the intervention was assessed using text message replies and number of coaching calls completed. Participants were asked to reply "Done" via Emails, Facebook, WhatsApp, Telegram, Instagram, or Zoom meeting.	Behavioral: Education program; The message emphasizes the importance of quality of life and positive psychology. The concept of quality of life is described as multidimensional, also the message highlights the steps to change one's lifestyle, including self-reflection, habit modification, and commitment to a comprehensive lifestyle change include importance of physical activity, management of stress, quality and quantity of sleep and specific recommendations are provided regarding drinking water, organizing meals, and adopting a healthy balanced diet with attention to portion sizes. The message also discussed fitness foods that aid digestion and promote a healthy body. The message introduced the Healthy Eating Plate.
Active Comparator: Traditional education program; They received 1 session every 2 weeks for 3 months at their convenience place (each session lasts for 1 hour). The same message as the Intervention group. Small group discussions and display of educational messages, posters, handout, and power point presentation lectures.	Behavioral: Education program; The message emphasizes the importance of quality of life and positive psychology. The concept of quality of life is described as multidimensional, also the message highlights the steps to change one's lifestyle, including self-reflection, habit modification, and commitment to a comprehensive lifestyle change include importance of physical activity, management of stress, quality and quantity of sleep and specific recommendations are provided regarding drinking water, organizing meals, and adopting a healthy balanced diet with attention to portion sizes. The message also discussed fitness foods that aid digestion and promote a healthy body. The message introduced the Healthy Eating Plate.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Physical activity time and levels of participants as assessed by Global/International Physical Activity Questionnaire (GPAQ/IPAQ).	The total weekly time spent on physical activity and the time spent in each domain (work, transportation, and recreational time) are determined by multiplying the number of days per week in each category by the average daily duration. Minutes per week in each category are then multiplied by metabolic equivalents (MET). The overall GPAQ score is described as "Low" if < 600 MET-minutes/week, "Moderate" if = 600-1500 MET-minutes/week, or "High" if > 1500 MET-minutes/week.	Assessed just before and immediately after the intervention
Dietary assessment using Food frequency questionnaire (FFQ).	It consists of 140 food items categorized under 27 categories with three Likert scale (usually eat, sometimes eat, and rarely eat). Score of 27-45 indicates bad healthy choices, 46-63 indicate fair healthy choices, and 64-81 indicate good healthy choices.	Assessed just before and immediately after the intervention
Sleep quality scale.	It assesses the quality of sleep for the last one month and consists of 28 questions with four Likert scale (rarely, sometimes, often, and almost always). The total score can range from 0 to 84, with higher scores demoting more more frequent sleep disturbances (Good quality of sleep ≤ 28, Fair 29 - ≤ 56, and poor > 56).	Assessed just before and immediately after the intervention

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
The weight in kilograms and height in meters will be combined to report the body mass index (BMI) in kg/m2.	Participants are categorized according to the BMI according to WHO into: Underweight (BMI < 18.5 kg/m2); Normal weight (BMI = 18.5 - 24.9 kg/m2); Overweight (BMI = 25 - 29.9 kg/m2); Obese (BMI ≥ 30 kg/m2)	Assessed just before and immediately after the intervention
Blood Pressure Level assessed with the sphygmomanometer.	Participants are categorized according to their blood pressure into: Normal blood pressure: Less than 120/80 mmHg; At risk for high blood pressure (prehypertension): Between 120/80 and 140/90; High blood pressure (hypertension): More than 140/90 mmHg	Assessed just before and immediately after the intervention

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Shaherah Andargeery, MD, College of Nursing, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): August 1, 2023
• Primary Completion (Actual): December 31, 2023
• Study Completion (Actual): December 31, 2023

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: April 23, 2024
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: May 3, 2024
• First Posted (Actual): May 8, 2024

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): May 8, 2024
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: May 3, 2024
• Last Verified: May 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: mHealth; lifestyle; nursing student
• Other Study ID Numbers: PNURSP2024R447

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: YES
• IPD Plan Description: We will share the individual de-identified participants' data. The datasets generated during and/or analyzed during the current study will be available from the corresponding author on reasonable request, beginning 12 months and ending 36 months following article publication.
• IPD Sharing Time Frame: Between 12 and 36 months after article publication
• IPD Sharing Access Criteria: Data will be accessible to researchers to be used for systematic reviews or meta-analyses based on a reasonable request to the corresponding author.
• IPD Sharing Supporting Information Type: STUDY_PROTOCOL

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No