The Effect of Transtheoretical Model-Based Motivational Interviewing on Postpartum Contraception

February 24, 2026 updated by: Aliye DOĞAN GANGAL, Gazi University

The Effect of Transtheoretical Model-Based Antenatal and Postnatal Motivational Interviewing on Contraceptive Self-Efficacy, Contraceptive Attitude and Contraceptive Use: A Randomized Controlled Trial

The goal of this clinical trial is to evaluate the effect of transtheoretical model-based antenatal and postnatal motivational interviewing on contraceptive self-efficacy, contraceptive attitude, and postpartum contraception use. This study was planned as a single-centre, parallel-group, randomized controlled trial design. The study group consisted of 72 women at 28-32 weeks of gestation (intervention group n=36, control group n=36). Block randomization stratified by parity will be used to assign participants to groups. The intervention group will receive antenatal and postnatal motivational interviewing in addition to routine care, while the control group will receive routine care only. Outcomes will be evaluated at 12 weeks postpartum. Data will be collected using a personal information form, Contraceptive Self-Efficacy Scale, Contraceptive Attitude Questionnaire, Contraceptive Use Form and Stages of Behavior Change Short Form.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

Short gestational intervals are known to be directly associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, such as gestational diabetes, maternal obesity, anemia, maternal mortality, severe maternal morbidity, preterm delivery, low birth weight, and infant mortality. The most important step in establishing optimum pregnancy intervals can be achieved by meeting the contraceptive needs of postpartum women. Motivational interviewing incorporates components of contraception counseling best practices, such as building trust, optimizing the decision-making process, improving self-efficacy, and protecting the autonomy of the individual, which allows it to be actively used in the counseling process. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of transtheoretical model-based motivational interviewing on postpartum contraception. In this study, the intervention group will receive two motivational counseling sessions in the antenatal period and one motivational interviewing session in the postnatal period in addition to routine care, while the control group will receive only routine care. The data will be coded as A and B in SPSS (Statistical Package for the Social Sciences) and analyzed by an independent statistical expert.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

72

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Child
  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • 28 to 32 weeks of gestation
  • At least literate in Turkish
  • Agree to participate in the study
  • Willing to participate in the postpartum follow-up
  • Having access to a smartphone

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Women who do not have a sexual partner
  • Women who give consent for female sterilization immediately after delivery

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Supportive Care
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Single

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Motivational interviewing group
Antenatal and postnatal motivational interviewing based on the transtheoretical model will be applied.
Behavioral: Motivational interviewing group
The intervention group will receive motivational interviewing based on the transtheoretical model in addition to routine care. Motivational interviews are structured in line with the stages of change and behavioral change processes, which are the basic structures of the transtheoretical model. Three sessions of motivational interviewing with a session duration of 30 min will be implemented. Two sessions of motivational interviewing in the prenatal period and one session of motivational interviewing in the postnatal period.
Other Names:
  • Transtheoretical model-based motivational interviewing group
Other: Control group
The control group receiving routine care.
Other: Control group
Participants in the control group will receive routine care at the center.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Postpartum contraceptive method use questionnaire
Time Frame: 12 weeks postpartum
The questionnaire assesses the contraceptive method used by the participants in the postpartum period. It consist of questions assessing the contraceptive method used by the participants and the time of onset. The number of participants using modern contraceptive methods in the postpartum period has been reported.
12 weeks postpartum
Contraceptive Attitude Questionnaire
Time Frame: At baseline and 12 weeks postpartum
It was developed to assess contraceptive attitude. Contraceptive attitude questionnaire consists of three sub-dimensions ; effects on family economy and sexual life, effects on moral values of the society, effects on men and religion. The higher the score, the higher the contraceptive attitude.
At baseline and 12 weeks postpartum
Contraceptive Self Efficacy Scale
Time Frame: At baseline and 12 weeks postpartum
Women's contraceptive self-efficacy will be assessed using the Turkish version of the Contraceptive Self-Efficacy Scale. The scale consists of 11 items and three sub-dimensions; (1) husband/partner communication, (2) provider communication, (3) choosing and managing a method. The total score ranged from 0 to 110. Higher scores indicate higher levels of contraceptive self-efficacy.
At baseline and 12 weeks postpartum

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Stages of Behavior Change
Time Frame: At baseline and 12 weeks postpartum
The transtheoretical model (stages of change model), which is widely used to determine the process of behavior change, was adapted to postpartum contraception behavior. This form will be used to assess participants' stages of behavior change (precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, maintenance) regarding contraceptive use.
At baseline and 12 weeks postpartum
Consistent use of contraceptive methods
Time Frame: 12 weeks postpartum
The questionnaire evaluates the consistent use of contraceptive methods by participants in the postpartum period. It consists of questions evaluating consistent use according to the type of contraceptive method.
12 weeks postpartum
Contraceptive method satisfaction
Time Frame: 12 weeks postpartum
The satisfaction level of participants using modern contraceptive methods is evaluated.
12 weeks postpartum

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Gazi University

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: Aliye Dogan Gangal, Gazi University

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

May 2, 2024

Primary Completion (Actual)

December 10, 2024

Study Completion (Actual)

December 10, 2024

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

July 16, 2024

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

July 22, 2024

First Posted (Actual)

July 25, 2024

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

February 27, 2026

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

February 24, 2026

Last Verified

February 1, 2026

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • 711519

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

IPD Plan Description

There are no plans to make individual participant data available to other researchers.

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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