Custom-Made Zirconia Crowns and 3D-Printed Resin Crowns Versus Ready-Made Zirconia Crowns in Primary Molars

Custom-Made Zirconia Crowns and 3D Printed Resin Crowns Versus Ready-Made Zirconia Crowns in Primary Molars: A Randomized Controlled Trial

The main problem introduced in this study is the aggressive reduction needed for ready-made zirconia crowns to be passively fitted. In addition, its relatively expensive cost and wear of the opposing tooth structure. In this study, different crown materials will be introduced, such as customized zirconia crowns and novel 3D printed resin crowns who may offer better adaptability and gingival health and are relatively cost effective. The proposed study will help in increasing studies of different crown materials for primary teeth

Study Overview

• Status: Recruiting
• Conditions: Dental Crowns
• Intervention / Treatment: Procedure: esthetic dental crowns; Procedure: control group

Detailed Description

According to AAPD, pulpally treated or deep carious primary teeth should be restored with full coverage crowns for protection of the remaining tooth structure and integrity of occlusion. Different crown materials and compositions have been introduced; however, each with their own drawbacks. Stainless steel crowns have remained the gold standard for restoring primary molars, with the advantages of minimal preparation needed and better adaptability of margins due to their burnishing ability. On the other hand, stainless steel crowns suffer from poor aesthetics and gingival health. The aesthetics of pre-veneered stainless-steel crowns improved but were significantly reduced when the veneered surface was chipped, which was a major drawback in the crown; in addition to their decreased strength and durability in comparison to stainless steel crowns. Strip crowns and polycarbonate crowns were also introduced; however, because of their weak bonding capacity, they have poor strength and an uncertain position in the posterior primary teeth. Due to the increase of aesthetic demand in pediatric dentistry, zirconia crowns have been introduced. Zirconia crowns present the highest aesthetics compared to different pediatric crowns and highest strength compared to all ceramic restorations. However, they need very deep subgingival preparation, poor adaptability because it can't be crimped due to poor burnishing ability and relatively expensive.

Recently, new advances in pediatric crowns have been introduced including computerized 3D printed resin or milled zirconia crowns. Those recent advances have promising results in aesthetics and strength in comparison to ready-made zirconia crowns. Ready-made zirconia crowns have been an exceptionally good biocompatible material. One of the main benefits of those crowns is their durability alongside an outstanding aesthetic appearance. Furthermore, because of their extremely polished surface, ready-made zirconia crowns have proved to have less plaque buildup when compared to other materials. However, because they are costly, need extensive sub-gingival tooth reduction, and cause wear of opposing tooth structure, there are several clinical restrictions and drawbacks.

New computer-aided design digital models serve as the foundation for three-dimensional (3D) printing technologies, which are sophisticated manufacturing techniques that generate customized 3D objects automatically. With applications in almost all fields of dentistry, three-dimensional printing fabricates excellent fitted, accurate, and biocompatible crowns that may overcome ready-made zirconia crowns.

On the other hand, currently the zirconia-based CAD/CAM system has the strongest fracture strength of any all-ceramic material and has continuously produced the most accurate, aesthetically pleasing replication of natural dentition.

They've been acknowledged by patients and dentists alike. The zirconia-based CAD/CAM system is recommended for crowns and bridges in natural teeth, implants, and telescopic dentures. Customized zirconia crowns could be an alternative to the drawbacks presented in ready-made zirconia crowns

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Estimated): 30
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

• Study Contact: Name: Fatemah usama; Phone Number: +201098781655; Email: fatemah.usama@bue.edu.eg
• Study Contact Backup: Name: Sara Magdy; Phone Number: +201006786219; Email: sara.abdelhakiem@bue.edu.eg

Study Locations

• Egypt
  • Cairo, Egypt
    • Recruiting
    • The british university in egypt
    • Contact: Noha Kabil, Professor; Phone Number: +201005131500; Email: noha.kabil@bue.edu.eg
    • Principal Investigator: Fatemah Osama

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Child
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Healthy children within age range of 5-8 years old
• Upper and lower primary second molars
• Vital primary second molars
• Cooperative children Frankl scale 3 (positive) and 4 (definitely positive)

Exclusion Criteria:

• Radiographic radiolucency related to the furcation and periapical area or any evidence of root resorption
• Deep bite
• More than 2 walls lost due to caries
• Presence of parafunctional habits

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Double

Number of Arms

3

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Custom-Made Zirconia crowns; CAD/CAM zirconia crown customized for each patient	Procedure: esthetic dental crowns; Minimal Preparation of esthetic dental crown
Experimental: 3D Printed Resin Crowns; Printed resin crowns customized for each patient	Procedure: esthetic dental crowns; Minimal Preparation of esthetic dental crown
Experimental: Ready-Made Zirconia Crowns; Nuu smile ready made zirconia crown	Procedure: control group; Nuu smile ready-made zirconia crown with its well-known reduction

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Functional, biological , and esthetic performance according to FDI clinical criteria	FDI World Dental Federation scores from 1-5 (highest score 1 and lowest score 5 )	3,6,9 months
Measure amount of reduction done after preparation	Using superimposition technique	During procedure
Measure time taken during preparation	Stopwatch / timer from start of preparation till the end of preparation	During procedure
Measure amount of bleeding during preparation	Gravimetric method by weighing pre and post procedure gauze on scale	immediately after completion of the procedure (after reduction and cementation of dental crown)

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Patient's satisfaction while restoring primary molars	Wong baker Faces scale ( 0 least indication no pain and 5 highest indicating pain)	During procedure
Measure cost-effectiveness of each crown material	Compare costs between different crown materials	through study completion, an average of 1 year

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: British University In Egypt

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Alrashdi M, Ardoin J, Liu JA. Zirconia crowns for children: A systematic review. Int J Paediatr Dent. 2022 Jan;32(1):66-81. doi: 10.1111/ipd.12793. Epub 2021 Apr 25.
• Alzanbaqi SD, Alogaiel RM, Alasmari MA, Al Essa AM, Khogeer LN, Alanazi BS, Hawsah ES, Shaikh AM, Ibrahim MS. Zirconia Crowns for Primary Teeth: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Feb 28;19(5):2838. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19052838.
• Jain S, Sayed ME, Shetty M, Alqahtani SM, Al Wadei MHD, Gupta SG, Othman AAA, Alshehri AH, Alqarni H, Mobarki AH, Motlaq K, Bakmani HF, Zain AA, Hakami AJ, Sheayria MF. Physical and Mechanical Properties of 3D-Printed Provisional Crowns and Fixed Dental Prosthesis Resins Compared to CAD/CAM Milled and Conventional Provisional Resins: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Polymers (Basel). 2022 Jun 30;14(13):2691. doi: 10.3390/polym14132691.
• Dewan H. Clinical Effectiveness of 3D-Milled and 3D-Printed Zirconia Prosthesis-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Biomimetics (Basel). 2023 Aug 27;8(5):394. doi: 10.3390/biomimetics8050394.
• Sztyler K, Wiglusz RJ, Dobrzynski M. Review on Preformed Crowns in Pediatric Dentistry-The Composition and Application. Materials (Basel). 2022 Mar 11;15(6):2081. doi: 10.3390/ma15062081.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): February 25, 2024
• Primary Completion (Estimated): February 23, 2026
• Study Completion (Estimated): February 23, 2026

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: August 21, 2024
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: August 30, 2024
• First Posted (Actual): September 3, 2024

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): September 3, 2024
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: August 30, 2024
• Last Verified: August 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: pediatric esthetic crowns; posterior esthetic crowns
• Other Study ID Numbers: 24-010

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No