Circuit and Resistance Training in COPD

June 11, 2025 updated by: Riphah International University

Effects Of Circuit Training and Progressive Resistance Exercise Program On Pulmonary And Physical Parameters In COPD Patients

Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) is characterized by a combination of pulmonary and extra-pulmonary manifestations that directly contribute to the increase in exercise intolerance and dyspnea, especially in more advanced stages of the disease, leading to physical inactivity and consequent worsening of these signs and symptoms. COPD is a preventable and treatable lung disease. Solid evidence shows that physical training, the most important component of a Pulmonary Rehabilitation program (PR), reduces dyspnea and fatigue, increases exercise performance, and improves peripheral muscle strength, functional capacity, control of emotional function and quality of life of these patients' lives. Multicomponent physical training (MPT) proposes the performance of 3 or more components or physical training modalities within the same session and has demonstrated its benefits in several studies involving the elderly population. The main objective of the study will be to determine the effects of circuit training and resistive exercises on pulmonary function and physical parameters in population with COPD.

The study will be a randomized clinical trial and conducted for a duration of 09 months after the approval of synopsis. Data will be collected with Non-Probability Convenience Sampling Technique. A sample of 48 COPD patients will be recruited from DHQ Muzaffargarh. This will be a double blinded study with patients and assessor blinded to the intervention. COPD patients will be divided into two groups with group 1 treated with circuit training and group 2 treated with resistance exercise for duration of 10 weeks. Baseline values for Respiratory parameters and physical parameters will be collected and after 5 weeks and 10 weeks of treatment. Data will be analyzed using SPSS v 26. For within the group analysis Repeated Measure ANOVA will be used. For across the group analysis, independent sample T test will be used to compare the mean differences.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive disease with deteriorating cardiopulmonary function that decreases the health-related quality of life (HRQL) and exercise capacity. Patients with COPD often have cardiovascular and muscular problems that hinder oxygen uptake by peripheral tissues, resulting in poor oxygen consumption efficiency. Only 20% of the estimated COPD cases are currently being identified and diagnosed in primary care in Pakistan.

Circuit training should be considered the most effective strategy to improve exercise capacity in patients with COPD. Supervision of the programs improves exercise capacity. Concerning strength outcome, the Circuit Training increased the strength of the upper and lower extremities. Only the magnitude of strength performance appears to be influenced by the training (number of sessions and frequency) and the training status. Moreover, low and moderate intensities and short rest time between exercises increase the magnitude of change in fat mass loss. Therefore, CT has been shown to be an effective method for improving body composition, cardio-respiratory fitness, and strength of the lower and upper limbs. Moreover, CT has been shown to elicit higher oxygen consumption during the session in comparison to a traditional strength-training session. Modalities of resistance training using elastic components presented similar effects on muscle strength, health status, exercise capacity, body composition and daily level of physical activity in individuals with COPD. The effects of elastic resistance were similar to conventional resistance training. CT significantly improves aerobic performance (i.e., increase maximum aerobic speed and aerobic performance) and VO2max (average 6.3%), showing that this type of training increases cardio-respiratory fitness independent of the training protocol. CT had an overall significant and large effect on upper (bench press) and lower strength (leg extension) performance (1-RM).only the magnitude of strength performance appears to be influenced by the training (i.e., number of sessions and frequency) and population characteristics (i.e., training status).

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

48

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Pakistan
    • Punjab
      • Lahore, Punjab, Pakistan, 54770
        • Riphah Rehabiliation Clinic

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Age range from 40 to 70 years
  • Clinical -functional diagnosis of COPD criteria GOLD II and III
  • Clinically stable (outside the period of exacerbation of the disease for at least 3 months),
  • Independently able to perform instrumental activities of daily living, as assessed by the functional activities questionnaire
  • No medical contraindications for physical exercise.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Pulmonary diseases such as asthma, pulmonary fibrosis, pneumonia and other non-pulmonary
  • Sever or difficult to control ( heart disease or sequelae of acute or chronic orthopedic and/or neurological diseases),
  • Those who use walking assist devices that could influence the exercise
  • Enrolled in a physical training program within the last 3 months at baseline

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Double

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Group A: Circuit training
Circuits Training Exercise Group
Other: Circuit Training
  1. Warm-up, balance
  2. Aerobic, balance
  3. Muscle strength Upper Limbs
  4. Muscle strength Lower Limbs
  5. Stretching both Upper Limb and Lower Limb
Active Comparator: Group B: Progressive Resistance Exercise Group
Progressive Resistance Exercise Group
Other: Progressive Resistance
  1. Muscle habituation exercises
  2. Hypertrophic phase 1 exercises
  3. Hypertrophic phase 2 exercises

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
6 Minute Walk Test
Time Frame: Baseline; 5th Week; 10th Week
6MWT is a sub-maximal exercise test used to examine person aerobic capacity and endurance. This test initially developed to make an assessment of patient with cardiopulmonary issues. It is used to check the functional capacity of the individual and it provides useful information regarding all the body systems during physical activity, including cardiovascular and pulmonary system. It can used for all age group range 2 to above 64 years The test is easy to perfume , with standardized limited instructions and encouragement being given as person walk as far as possible over 6 minutes through a flat corridor. The final distance is recorded in meters.(
Baseline; 5th Week; 10th Week
Pulmonary function test: Forced Vital Capacity (FVC)
Time Frame: Baseline; 5th Week; 10th Week
The FVC is the forced vital capacity. It requires that the subject make a maximal inspiration to TLC, then make a maximal forced expiratory effort, leaving only the RV. In a normal subject, the FEV1/FVC is greater than 0.8; patients with obstructive lung disease, such as asthma or COPD, show a decreased FEV1/FVC
Baseline; 5th Week; 10th Week
Pulmonary function test: Forced Expiratory Volume in 1 second (FEV1)
Time Frame: Baseline; 5th Week; 10th Week
Forced expiratory volume (FEV1) calculates the amount of air that a person can force out of their lungs in 1 second. FEV1 values that are lower than average suggest the presence of COPD.
Baseline; 5th Week; 10th Week
Pulmonary function test: FEV1/FVC Ratio
Time Frame: Baseline; 5th Week; 10th Week
The FEV1/FVC ratio is a measurement of lung function that compares the forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) to the forced vital capacity (FVC). It's used to help diagnose and monitor lung conditions.
Baseline; 5th Week; 10th Week

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Riphah International University

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: Zubair Khalid, MS*, Riphah International University

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

August 30, 2024

Primary Completion (Actual)

December 30, 2024

Study Completion (Actual)

January 30, 2025

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

September 16, 2024

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

September 16, 2024

First Posted (Actual)

September 19, 2024

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

June 12, 2025

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

June 11, 2025

Last Verified

June 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • Zubair Khalid

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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