Investigation of the Effectiveness of Schroth Exercises and Pilates Exercises in Patients With Scoliosis

Investigation of the Effectiveness of Schroth Exercises and Pilates Exercises in Patients With Scoliosis: A Randomized Trial

The aim of this study is to examine the effectiveness of Schroth exercises and Pilates exercises in patients with scoliosis.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Scoliosis
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: schroth exercises; Other: pilates exercises

Detailed Description

The study was planned as a randomized controlled trial. The randomization process will be done as block randomization using the random interval command in Microsoft Excel. The participants to be included in the study will be selected from the clients receiving consultancy services at the Mehmet Gümüş (MG) Clinic Physiotherapy and Wellness Center. 50 individuals diagnosed with scoliosis who applied with a postural disorder complaint will be included in the study. The individuals will be randomly divided into 2 equal groups. The rehabilitation program of the 25 individuals in the first group will be planned as 3-dimensional corrective scoliosis exercises. The program of the 25 individuals in the second group will be applied as pilates scoliosis exercises. After the initial evaluations explained to the individuals included in the study are made, an exercise program of a total of 36 sessions, each lasting approximately 50 minutes, will be applied by experienced physiotherapists who have received 3-dimensional exercise method training and pilates training specific to scoliosis, 3 days a week for 12 weeks.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 46
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Turkey
  • Istanbul, Turkey
    • MG Clinic

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: Adult
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Description

INCLUSION CRITERIA:

• Being between 18-45 years of age
• Having a primary curve between 10-40 degrees according to the Cobb method
• Having typical S or C scoliosis
• Being willing to participate in the study
• Having the cognitive capacity to cooperate with the guidance of a physiotherapist
• EXCLUSION CRITERIA:
• Having a BMI over 30 kg/m²
• Having any neurological, orthopedic, cardiopulmonary disorders other than the diagnosis of scoliosis
• Having any injuries related to the musculoskeletal system in the last 6 months
• Being unable to fulfill exercise requirements for any reason

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Single

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Schroth; 3D corrective scoliosis exercises	Other: schroth exercises; Exercises will be given in lying, sitting and standing positions. In each exercise, elongation of the spine will be ensured and the person will be positioned according to the type of scoliosis. Exercises will be given progressively in supine, prone, side sitting, sitting and standing positions. In each exercise, elongation of the spine will be ensured and the person will be positioned according to the upper and lower extremities. Progress in the exercises will be made positionally by increasing the number of repetitions and the number of rotational breathing during the exercise.
Experimental: Pilates; Pilates exercises	Other: pilates exercises; The average application time of the exercises is 30-40 minutes (with the first 10 minutes of warming up and the last 5 minutes of stretching). The first four exercises were used for the warm-up period and the last four exercises were used for the stretching period. The exercises will be done as 1 set of 8 repetitions. The Hundred exercise will be increased to 10 sets of 10 reps every two weeks to 10 reps, 12 reps, and 14 reps, respectively.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Scoliometer Degree	The degree of rotation measured clinically with a scoliometer	At time of enrollment
The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)	Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index; It evaluates sleep duration, sleep disturbance, sleep efficiency, subjective sleep quality, sleep medication use, daytime dysfunction, and sleep delay and consists of a total of 24 questions. 19 of them are self-report scales and 5 of them consist of questions to be answered by a friend or spouse. There are 7 components with 18 questions scored in the scale, and each component is evaluated between 0 and 3 points. The total score ranges from 0 to 21, and 5 or more is an indicator of "poor sleep quality".	14 weeks
Scoliosis Research Society-22	Scoliosis Research Society-22 is a functional survey for the patient to fill out on their scoliosis. This survey has been validated in the literature. It is a 22 question survey on the functional status and pain that a patient experiences. Created by the scoliosis research society. There is a scoring rubric that goes with the survey. This survey has 5 domains that are covered with the minimum score of 22 and the maximum score of 110. The higher the score the better the patient is doing in the domains of: Activities of Daily Living, Mental Health, Pain, Patient Satisfaction, Positive Affect, Quality of Life, Social Relationships, and Stress/Coping.	14 weeks
Walter Reed Visual Assessment Scale	Walter Reed Visual Assessment Scale (WRGDS) is an evaluation scale created from visual figures. It was developed by Pineda et al. in 2006, for use in individuals with scoliosis, to measure how a person thinks about the deformity in their own body and how severe it is perceived.	14 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Uskudar University
• Investigators: Study Chair: Mehmet Ali Gümüş, Uskudar University; Study Chair: Berna Karamancıoğlu, M.Sc., Uskudar University; Study Chair: Beyzanur Dikmen Hoşbaş, M.Sc., Uskudar University

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Karavidas N, Iakovidis P, Chatziprodromidou I, Lytras D, Kasimis K, Kyrkousis A, Apostolou T. Physiotherapeutic Scoliosis-Specific Exercises (PSSE-Schroth) can reduce the risk for progression during early growth in curves below 25 degrees : prospective control study. Eur J Phys Rehabil Med. 2024 Apr;60(2):331-339. doi: 10.23736/S1973-9087.24.08177-2. Epub 2024 Mar 19.
• Manzak Dursun AS, Ozyilmaz S, Ucgun H, Elmadag NM. The effect of Pilates-based exercise applied with hybrid telerehabilitation method in children with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: A randomized clinical trial. Eur J Pediatr. 2024 Feb;183(2):759-767. doi: 10.1007/s00431-023-05340-2. Epub 2023 Nov 23.
• Zhang P, Shen X, Zhang L, Wang S, Wu Q. Effect of sling exercise combined with Schroth therapy on adolescents with mild idiopathic scoliosis: A twelve-week randomized controlled trial. J Back Musculoskelet Rehabil. 2024;37(2):379-388. doi: 10.3233/BMR-230102.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): November 15, 2024
• Primary Completion (Actual): February 20, 2025
• Study Completion (Actual): June 23, 2025

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: November 12, 2024
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 12, 2024
• First Posted (Actual): November 14, 2024

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): June 27, 2025
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: June 24, 2025
• Last Verified: June 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Bone Diseases; Musculoskeletal Diseases; Spinal Diseases; Spinal Curvatures; Scoliosis
• Other Study ID Numbers: Uskudar15

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No