Resistance Exercise and Sleep Quality by Chronotype (TRE-SLEEP)

November 18, 2025 updated by: Aliaa Salem Mohamed Mohamed Menshawi, Medipol University

The Effects of Tailored Resistance Exercise on Sleep Quality in Relation to Chronotype

This study examines whether doing moderate resistance exercises in the morning can improve sleep quality and well-being in young adults. Participants with different daily activity patterns (morning or evening types) will take part in an 8-week online exercise program. The study will compare how exercise affects sleep, mood, and daily rhythm across these groups.

Study Overview

Status

Not yet recruiting

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

Disturbed sleep is a widespread issue that affects health, mood, and daily function. Chronotype-the natural tendency to be active earlier or later in the day-may influence how people respond to exercise as a tool for improving sleep.

This trial investigates the effects of an 8-week, moderate-intensity resistance exercise program performed in the morning, delivered through telerehabilitation.

Participants include healthy young adults with self-identified morning or evening chronotypes. The study will measure changes in sleep quality, psychological well-being, alignment of daily rhythms, and will explore whether men and women respond differently to the program..

By comparing outcomes between chronotypes, this research aims to clarify whether exercise benefits are shaped by biological preference for morning or evening activity, or whether improvements occur regardless of chronotype.

The central question is whether improvements occur equally across chronotypes, or if biological preference shapes the response to exercise.

Null Hypothesis (H0): Moderate-intensity morning resistance exercise will have no differential effect on sleep quality, mood, or circadian alignment between participants with morning and evening chronotypes.

Alternative Hypothesis (H1):Moderate-intensity morning resistance exercise will have a differential effect on sleep quality, mood, or circadian alignment between participants with morning and evening chronotypes.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

64

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

  • Name: Aliaa Salem Menshawi, PT, MSc (Cand.)
  • Phone Number: +96550268508 +905527304660
  • Email: aliaamenshawi@gmail.com

Study Contact Backup

  • Name: Gehad Salem Menshawi, PT, MSc (Cand.)
  • Phone Number: +201040131964 +905524590178
  • Email: j.menshawi@gmail.com

Study Locations

  • Turkey (Türkiye)
    • Beykoz/İstanbul
      • Istanbul, Beykoz/İstanbul, Turkey (Türkiye), 34810
        • Medipol University
        • Contact:

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Age between 18 and 35 years
  • Generally healthy, with mild to moderate sleep disturbance as categorized by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)
  • Body Mass Index (BMI) < 35 kg/m²
  • No physical or organic limitations or diseases that would prevent participation in physical activity
  • Non-smoker and non-alcoholic
  • Caffeine consumption ≤ 2 cups per day (including coffee and energy drinks)
  • Have not participated in more than 60 minutes/week of usual moderate-to-vigorous physical activity in the past 6 months, categorized as "moderate" on the International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF)
  • No clinically diagnosed sleep apnea or other medical/psychiatric disorders responsible for sleep complaints
  • Regular sleep schedule (no night shifts or transmeridian travel) in the 30 days prior to study enrollment
  • Able to speak and write English

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Current use of medications or psychotherapeutic drugs for insomnia or other psychiatric disorders
  • Use of melatonin or other sleep aids in the past month
  • Currently performing any aerobic or mind-body exercise classes (e.g., yoga, Pilates)
  • Habitual daytime napping
  • History of epilepsy or other convulsive disorders
  • Pregnant individuals
  • Habitual or recent use (within the past 30 days) of illegal drugs, psychotropic drugs, hypnotics, stimulants, or analgesics

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Basic Science
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Morning Chronotype - Moderate-Intensity Resistance Exercise
Participants identified as morning chronotypes (Munich Chronotype Questionnaire) will complete an 8-week, moderate-intensity resistance exercise program delivered online. Sessions are held in the morning, three times per week, lasting ~45 minutes (5-min warm-up, 35-min resistance training, 5-min cool-down). Exercises include push-ups, wall sits, squats, resistance band presses and pulls, rows, superman holds, and planks. Intensity is guided by 1RM testing, perceived exertion scales, and 7 point Likert scale of muscle soreness.
Behavioral: Moderate-Intensity Resistance Exercise Program
An 8-week, moderate-intensity resistance exercise program performed in the morning, 3 sessions/week on nonconsecutive days. Each 45-min session includes: 5-min warm-up (jumping jacks, high knees, running in place, hip hinge with reach, standing twists); 35-min progressive resistance training (Chest Press (Modified Push-Ups), Leg Press (Wall Sits with Squats), Squats, Shoulder Press (Resistance Band Overhead Press), Lat Pulldown (Resistance Band Pull-Downs), Rowing (Resistance Band Rows), Lower Back (Superman Holds), and Abdominals (Plank with Crunches)); and 5-min cool-down (Chest and Shoulder Stretch, Kneeling Hip Flexor Stretch, Standing Hamstring Stretch, Child's Pose with Side Stretch, and Cat-Cow Stretch ). Muscle soreness tracked after each session using 7-point Likert scale. Standardized videos, adherence checklists, resistance bands provided. Both chronotype groups complete identical sessions, outcomes compared.
Other Names:
  • Resistance Training
  • Strength Training
  • Exercise Intervention
  • Telerehabilitation Exercise
Experimental: Evening Chronotype - Moderate-Intensity Resistance Exercise
Participants identified as evening chronotypes (Munich Chronotype Questionnaire) will complete an 8-week, moderate-intensity resistance exercise program delivered online. Sessions are held in the morning, three times per week, lasting ~45 minutes (5-min warm-up, 35-min resistance training, 5-min cool-down). Exercises include push-ups, wall sits, squats, resistance band presses and pulls, rows, superman holds, and planks. Intensity is guided by 1RM testing, perceived exertion scales, and 7 point Likert scale of muscle soreness.
Behavioral: Moderate-Intensity Resistance Exercise Program
An 8-week, moderate-intensity resistance exercise program performed in the morning, 3 sessions/week on nonconsecutive days. Each 45-min session includes: 5-min warm-up (jumping jacks, high knees, running in place, hip hinge with reach, standing twists); 35-min progressive resistance training (Chest Press (Modified Push-Ups), Leg Press (Wall Sits with Squats), Squats, Shoulder Press (Resistance Band Overhead Press), Lat Pulldown (Resistance Band Pull-Downs), Rowing (Resistance Band Rows), Lower Back (Superman Holds), and Abdominals (Plank with Crunches)); and 5-min cool-down (Chest and Shoulder Stretch, Kneeling Hip Flexor Stretch, Standing Hamstring Stretch, Child's Pose with Side Stretch, and Cat-Cow Stretch ). Muscle soreness tracked after each session using 7-point Likert scale. Standardized videos, adherence checklists, resistance bands provided. Both chronotype groups complete identical sessions, outcomes compared.
Other Names:
  • Resistance Training
  • Strength Training
  • Exercise Intervention
  • Telerehabilitation Exercise

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Change in Sleep Quality Assessed by Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI)
Time Frame: Baseline, Week 4, and Week 8; primary comparison is change from baseline to Week 8
Sleep quality will be measured using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), a validated 19-item self-report questionnaire that evaluates sleep patterns over the past month. The PSQI generates seven component scores (subjective sleep quality, latency, duration, efficiency, disturbances, use of medication, daytime dysfunction), which are summed into a global score ranging from 0 to 21, with higher scores indicating poorer sleep quality. Assessments will be conducted at baseline (week 0), midpoint (week 4), and end of study (week 8). The primary endpoint is the change in global PSQI score from baseline to week 8, comparing differences between morning and evening chronotype groups following the resistance exercise program.
Baseline, Week 4, and Week 8; primary comparison is change from baseline to Week 8

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Change in Circadian Alignment Assessed by Munich Chronotype Questionnaire (MCTQ)
Time Frame: Baseline and Week 8
Chronotype and social jetlag will be evaluated using the MCTQ. The endpoint is change in chronotype alignment from baseline to week 8 and its relationship to exercise outcomes.
Baseline and Week 8
Change in Mood Assessed by Brunel Mood Scale (BRUMS)
Time Frame: Baseline, Week 4, and Week 8
The Brunel Mood Scale (BRUMS) measures six mood states: anger, confusion, depression, fatigue, tension, and vigor. Higher scores reflect greater mood disturbance. Outcomes will track changes in mood from baseline to follow-up. It is a five-point Likert scale ranging from 0 (not at all) to 4 (extremely) according to their current feelings. The mood score is computed as the sum of all 24 items, with higher scores reflecting a greater intensity of that particular mood
Baseline, Week 4, and Week 8
Perceived Effort Assessed by OMNI Perceived Exertion Scale for Resistance Exercise (OMNI-RES)
Time Frame: Throughout Weeks 1-8
The OMNI-RES is a 0-10 rating scale used to assess perceived exertion during resistance training. Higher scores reflect greater perceived effort. Participants will rate their exertion after each exercise session.
Throughout Weeks 1-8
Muscle Soreness Assessed by 7-Point Likert Scale
Time Frame: After each exercise session, Weeks 1-8
Participants will rate post-exercise soreness from 0 (no soreness) to 6 (severe soreness limiting movement) after each session to monitor tolerance.
After each exercise session, Weeks 1-8
Change in Physical Activity Level Assessed by International Physical Activity Questionnaire-Short Form (IPAQ-SF)
Time Frame: Baseline and Week 8
The IPAQ-SF will measure weekly physical activity (MET-min/week and sedentary time). Outcomes include classification into low, moderate, or high activity.
Baseline and Week 8
Change in Mood Assessed by Depression Anxiety Stress Scales-21 (DASS-21)
Time Frame: Baseline, Week 4, and Week 8
The DASS-21 is a 21-item questionnaire that evaluates symptoms of depression, anxiety, and stress. Higher scores indicate more severe symptoms. Outcomes will capture changes in psychological well-being across the intervention period. it is using a 4-point (0-3) Likert-type scale (ranging from "did not apply to me at all" 0, to "applied to me very much or most of the time" 3). Higher scores indicate greater severity of depression, anxiety, and stress symptoms, with subscale scores ranging from 0 to 42 and total scores from 0 to 126.
Baseline, Week 4, and Week 8
Change in Muscle Strength Assessed by One-Repetition Maximum (1RM)
Time Frame: Baseline, Week 4, and Week 8
Muscle strength will be measured using the one-repetition maximum (1RM) test for selected resistance exercises. The primary outcome is change in maximal strength over the intervention period.
Baseline, Week 4, and Week 8

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Medipol University

Investigators

  • Study Director: Gizem Ergezen Şahin, Dr. Assistant Professor, Department of Physiotherapy and Rehabilitation/Istanbul Medipol University

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Helpful Links

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Estimated)

December 1, 2025

Primary Completion (Estimated)

March 1, 2026

Study Completion (Estimated)

May 1, 2026

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

September 23, 2025

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

November 14, 2025

First Posted (Estimated)

November 18, 2025

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

November 20, 2025

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

November 18, 2025

Last Verified

November 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • E-10840098-202.3.02-1592

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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