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The Effect of Neuraxial Analgesia on Maternal Breastfeeding

4. april 2022 opdateret af: Paloma Toledo, Northwestern University

A previous randomized trial showed a possible negative association with labor neuraxial analgesia with high compared to low doses of fentanyl, and breastfeeding at 6 weeks postpartum. The significance of this study would be to validate or refute these findings. In addition, we hope to better evaluate the impact of cumulative dose of fentanyl on breastfeeding success in the initial postpartum period as well as at 6 weeks and 6 months post delivery. In order to better assess the quality of breastfeeding, we will utilize a validated breastfeeding assessment tool, LATCH (Latch, Audible swallowing, Type of Nipple, Comfort, and Help). This validated tool can assess maternal and infant variables, define areas of needed intervention, and determine priorities in providing patient teaching. The LATCH assessment has been shown to be a predictor of breastfeeding duration. We also plan to vary the dosage of fentanyl analgesia to determine the relationship between doses below 150 micrograms and changes in breastfeeding assessments. If a clear association between decreased breastfeeding and total fentanyl is identified, then regimens to reduce cumulative doses of fentanyl can be developed to improve the likelihood of breastfeeding success in mothers that desire to breastfeed.

Prior observational studies have inferred epidurals negatively affect breastfeeding by decreasing maternal plasma oxytocin release which may adversely affect infant neurobehavioral development. In a study by Beilin et al., it was reported that mothers receiving a high cumulative dose (> 150 microgram) epidural fentanyl were more likely to have stopped nursing 6 weeks postpartum compared with groups receiving no fentanyl or those receiving < 150 microgram. The study however, was underpowered to detect differences in breastfeeding prior to hospital discharge. In addition, the breastfeeding assessment tool utilized resulted in binary assessments, and therefore, a global rating of the quality of breastfeeding was not available.

Studieoversigt

Status

Afsluttet

Betingelser

Intervention / Behandling

Detaljeret beskrivelse

Participants in this study will be asked to complete a questionnaire called the Intrinsic Motivation Inventory (IMI).

Subjects will be randomized at the time they request neuraxial analgesia to one of three groups: Group 1: patient controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) with bupivacaine 1mg/mL; Group 2: PCEA with fentanyl 1 mcg/mL plus bupivacaine 0.8 mg/mL; Group 3: PCEA with fentanyl 2 mcg/mL plus bupivacaine 0.625 mg/mL. Labor analgesia will be initiated in all groups using fentanyl 15 mcg plus bupivacaine 2.5 mg administered intrathecally. A basal infusion rate for the PCEA will be set at 8 mL/h with patient administered boluses of 8 mL every 10 minutes and a one hour limit of 32 mL. Breakthrough pain in all groups will be managed using anesthesiologist administered boluses of bupivacaine 1.25 mg/mL without fentanyl.

The patient as well as individuals who evaluate the study patient will be blinded to the group assignment. Samples of maternal venous blood ½ teaspoon (2 mls) and cord blood 2ml (1/2 teaspoon) will be collected after the delivery of the fetus. Blood concentrations of fentanyl and bupivacaine will be ascertained using high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. Success of breastfeeding using the LATCH assessment tool will be measured by the lactation nurses within 24 hrs of delivery. At 6 weeks and at 3 months postpartum, follow-up phone calls by the anesthesia service will be made to assess for duration of breastfeeding. Also, the patient's obstetrician will be contacted to obtain the patient's Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Score to assess for postpartum depression, which may be a variable in decreasing breastfeeding success.

Undersøgelsestype

Interventionel

Tilmelding (Faktiske)

345

Fase

  • Ikke anvendelig

Kontakter og lokationer

Dette afsnit indeholder kontaktoplysninger for dem, der udfører undersøgelsen, og oplysninger om, hvor denne undersøgelse udføres.

Studiesteder

  • Forenede Stater
    • Illinois
      • Chicago, Illinois, Forenede Stater, 60611
        • Northwestern University

Deltagelseskriterier

Forskere leder efter personer, der passer til en bestemt beskrivelse, kaldet berettigelseskriterier. Nogle eksempler på disse kriterier er en persons generelle helbredstilstand eller tidligere behandlinger.

Berettigelseskriterier

Aldre berettiget til at studere

18 år og ældre (Voksen, Ældre voksen)

Tager imod sunde frivillige

Ja

Køn, der er berettiget til at studere

Kvinde

Beskrivelse

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Age 18 and above
  • English speaking
  • Term gestation (> 38 weeks)
  • Parous parturients presenting for attempted vaginal delivery with a cervical dilation less than 8 cm
  • They must request neuraxial labor analgesia
  • Have previously successfully breastfed their child postpartum for at least 6 weeks
  • Are expressing an interest in exclusively breastfeeding postpartum

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Under 18 years of age
  • Parturients who have received parental opioids during labor or have taken opioids prenatally
  • Patients whose neuraxial analgesia failed due to abnormal spinal anatomy including scoliosis or previous spinal instrumentation
  • Supplemental epidural opioids during labor
  • Had an expedited labor with the delivery of the fetus less than 90 minutes from the placement of the neuraxial anesthestic
  • Underwent cesarean delivery
  • Received general analgesia for an unanticipated postpartum procedure
  • Dropout criteria include patients who wished to be taken out of the study or were lost to follow-up

Studieplan

Dette afsnit indeholder detaljer om studieplanen, herunder hvordan undersøgelsen er designet, og hvad undersøgelsen måler.

Hvordan er undersøgelsen tilrettelagt?

Design detaljer

  • Primært formål: Behandling
  • Tildeling: Randomiseret
  • Interventionel model: Parallel tildeling
  • Maskning: Dobbelt

Våben og indgreb

Deltagergruppe / Arm
Intervention / Behandling
Eksperimentel: Group 1
spinal fentanyl 15 micrograms plus bupivacaine 2.5 mg followed by a patient controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) maintenance infusion of bupivacaine 1mg/mL
Medicin: Group 1
A basal infusion rate for the PCEA will be set at 8 mL/h with patient administered boluses of 8 mL every 10 minutes and a one hour limit of 32 mL. Breakthrough pain in all groups will be managed using anesthesiologist administered boluses of bupivacaine 1.25 mg/mL without fentanyl.
Andre navne:
  • bupivacaine 1mg/ml
Eksperimentel: Group 2
spinal fentanyl 15 micrograms plus bupivacaine 2.5 mg spinal followed by a PCEA infusion of fentanyl 1 micrograms/mL plus bupivacaine 0.8 mg/mL
Medicin: Group 2
A basal infusion rate for the PCEA will be set at 8 mL/h with patient administered boluses of 8 mL every 10 minutes and a one hour limit of 32 mL. Breakthrough pain in all groups will be managed using anesthesiologist administered boluses of bupivacaine 1.25 mg/mL without fentanyl.
Andre navne:
  • fentanyl 1mcg/ml plus bupivacaine 0.8 mg/ml
Aktiv komparator: Group 3
spinal fentanyl 15 micrograms plus bupivacaine 2.5mg followed by a PCEA infusion of fentanyl 2 micrograms/mL plus bupivacaine 0.625 mg/mL
Medicin: Group 3
A basal infusion rate for the PCEA will be set at 8 mL/h with patient administered boluses of 8 mL every 10 minutes and a one hour limit of 32 mL. Breakthrough pain in all groups will be managed using anesthesiologist administered boluses of bupivacaine 1.25 mg/mL without fentanyl.
Andre navne:
  • fentanyl 2mcg/ml plus bupivacaine 0.625 mg/ml

Hvad måler undersøgelsen?

Primære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Breastfeeding at 6 Weeks Post Delivery
Tidsramme: 6 weeks post delivery
Breastfeeding continuing at 6 weeks after delivery of the baby.
6 weeks post delivery

Sekundære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Breastfeeding at 3 Months After Delivery
Tidsramme: 3 months after delivery
Breastfeeding at 3 months after delivery of baby
3 months after delivery

Andre resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Cumulative Fentanyl Dose (Micrograms)
Tidsramme: Time of epidural catheter removal
Total cumulative dose of fentanyl in micrograms
Time of epidural catheter removal
Plasma Fentanyl Concentration (ng/mL)
Tidsramme: Time of epidural catheter removal
Blood plasma fentanyl concentraton (nanograms/milliliter).
Time of epidural catheter removal
Umbilical Vein Plasma Fentanyl Concentration (ng/mL)
Tidsramme: Immediately after delivery
Umbilical venous blood plasma was analyzed for fentanyl concentration (ng/mL)
Immediately after delivery

Samarbejdspartnere og efterforskere

Det er her, du vil finde personer og organisationer, der er involveret i denne undersøgelse.

Sponsor

Northwestern University

Efterforskere

  • Ledende efterforsker: Paloma Toledo, M.D.,MPH, Northwestern University

Publikationer og nyttige links

Den person, der er ansvarlig for at indtaste oplysninger om undersøgelsen, leverer frivilligt disse publikationer. Disse kan handle om alt relateret til undersøgelsen.

Generelle publikationer

Datoer for undersøgelser

Disse datoer sporer fremskridtene for indsendelser af undersøgelsesrekord og resumeresultater til ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieregistreringer og rapporterede resultater gennemgås af National Library of Medicine (NLM) for at sikre, at de opfylder specifikke kvalitetskontrolstandarder, før de offentliggøres på den offentlige hjemmeside.

Studer store datoer

Studiestart

1. januar 2010

Primær færdiggørelse (Faktiske)

1. december 2016

Studieafslutning (Faktiske)

1. december 2016

Datoer for studieregistrering

Først indsendt

22. februar 2010

Først indsendt, der opfyldte QC-kriterier

23. februar 2010

Først opslået (Skøn)

24. februar 2010

Opdateringer af undersøgelsesjournaler

Sidste opdatering sendt (Faktiske)

5. april 2022

Sidste opdatering indsendt, der opfyldte kvalitetskontrolkriterier

4. april 2022

Sidst verificeret

1. april 2022

Mere information

Begreber relateret til denne undersøgelse

Nøgleord

Yderligere relevante MeSH-vilkår

Andre undersøgelses-id-numre

  • STU00007275

Plan for individuelle deltagerdata (IPD)

Planlægger du at dele individuelle deltagerdata (IPD)?

INGEN

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