Amnioinfusions en série comme thérapie régénérative pour l'hypoplasie pulmonaire

All women with fetuses having either severe LUTO with intrauterine renal failure or bilateral renal agenesis that meet the inclusion criteria will be invited to participate in this study. For those patients, the actual standard of care is expectant prenatal management or termination of pregnancy (<22 weeks according to law). This study will offer serial amnioinfusions for patients with LUTO or bilateral renal agenesis. Due to the rarity and complexity of these cases, the investigators expect to enroll a maximum of 5 women with affected fetuses per year. After two years (approximately 10 cases), a review of the data will be completed including all outcomes to determine whether to continue towards the original goal of treating 40 patients (20 mothers with affected fetuses) or to close the study,.

All procedures are anticipated to take place in the Family Birth Center at Mayo Clinic, Rochester. Serial ultrasound-guided amnioinfusion procedures will be performed on fetuses having severe LUTO or bilateral renal agenesis that are diagnosed between 18 0/7-25 6/7 weeks. This procedure will be performed in a sterile fashion within the operating room using the same technique that is routinely used to perform the ultrasound-guided amnioinfusion. Once consented, weekly ultrasound monitoring will be conducted and if the amniotic fluid index (AFI) is determined to be <2 cm, amnioinfusion will proceed. Prior to each infusion, 5mLs of amniotic fluid will be collected to study surrogate markers of lung function (research only). Using a 22-gauge needle, warm sterile lactated ringer solution will be infused into the amniotic cavity until the AFI is equal to 8 cm. Some studies have demonstrated that the composition of the amniotic fluid during second and third trimester is closer to the lactated ringer solution. This procedure will be continued weekly until the fetus reaches 34 weeks, after which only monitoring will occur. If preterm premature rupture of the membranes (PPROM) occurs prior to 34 weeks, no further amnioinfusion procedures will be performed. Patients with PPROM will be managed according to the standardized clinical management. The anticipated length of stay in the hospital after each infusion is approximately 2 days if no uterine contractions are observed.

The prenatal care, delivery and postnatal management of the infant will be conducted according to the standardized clinical care. Delivery will be scheduled at the Mayo Clinic Family Birth Center and the infants will be followed for 24 months by the multi-specialty team as part of the standard clinical management including follow-up with neonatologist (NICU team), pediatric nephrology and transplant team according to the clinical protocol for postnatal renal replacement therapy and transplant. Neurodevelopment of the children will assessed using a combination of clinical examination and the Bayley Scale of Infant Development during the first 24 months of life.