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Effects of Different High-Intensity Interval Training Protocols on Physiological and Skeletal Muscle Adaptations in Healthy Young Men

This study investigated the effects of different high-intensity interval training protocols on physical fitness and physiological adaptations in healthy young men.

Participants underwent a two-week exercise training program consisting of six sessions performed three times per week. Four training protocols were investigated, differing in exercise intensity, duration of exercise bouts, and recovery periods.

The primary outcome was the change in maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), an indicator of aerobic fitness. Additional assessments included cognitive performance, measured using tests of attention, processing speed, and inhibitory control, as well as selected physiological and skeletal muscle adaptations.

The study aimed to improve understanding of how different high-intensity interval training protocols influence aerobic fitness and other physiological responses over a short training period.

Panoramica dello studio

Stato

Completato

Condizioni

Intervento / Trattamento

Descrizione dettagliata

High-intensity interval training (HIIT) and sprint interval training (SIT) are exercise strategies characterized by repeated bouts of vigorous or maximal exercise interspersed with recovery periods. These training approaches may induce physiological adaptations within relatively short intervention periods. However, the effects of different combinations of exercise duration, intensity, and recovery time on aerobic fitness, cognitive performance, and skeletal muscle adaptations require further investigation.

This interventional study examined physiological responses to four cycling-based high-intensity training protocols in healthy young men. Participants completed six training sessions over two weeks, with three sessions performed each week.

The investigated protocols included:

SIT10:1: Repeated 10-second maximal cycling sprints separated by 60-second recovery periods.

SIT10:4: Repeated 10-second maximal cycling sprints separated by 240-second recovery periods.

HIIT90:180: Six 90-second cycling intervals performed at 80% of maximal aerobic power, separated by 180-second passive recovery periods.

Wingate-SIT: Repeated 30-second all-out cycling sprints using a Wingate-based protocol.

The primary outcome was the change in maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), assessed using incremental exercise testing before and after the intervention. Additional assessments included cognitive performance using the Stroop Color-Word Test, Trail Making Test, and Digit Span Test, as well as selected measures of exercise performance and skeletal muscle metabolic adaptations.

Skeletal muscle biopsies were collected from subsets of participants before and after training to investigate exercise-induced adaptations in muscle tissue. Stored biopsy samples were subsequently used for exploratory proteomic analyses.

The study was designed to characterize short-term physiological and skeletal muscle responses to different high-intensity interval exercise protocols.

Tipo di studio

Interventistico

Iscrizione (Effettivo)

50

Fase

  • Non applicabile

Contatti e Sedi

Questa sezione fornisce i recapiti di coloro che conducono lo studio e informazioni su dove viene condotto lo studio.

Luoghi di studio

    • Pomeranian
      • Gdansk, Pomeranian, Polonia, 80-336
        • Gdansk University of Physical Education and Sport

Criteri di partecipazione

I ricercatori cercano persone che corrispondano a una certa descrizione, chiamata criteri di ammissibilità. Alcuni esempi di questi criteri sono le condizioni generali di salute di una persona o trattamenti precedenti.

Criteri di ammissibilità

Età idonea allo studio

Da 18 anni a 35 anni (Adulto)

Accetta volontari sani

Sì

Sessi ammissibili allo studio

Maschio

Descrizione

Inclusion Criteria:

Healthy adult males. Physically active individuals. Ability to perform high-intensity cycling exercise. Willingness to participate in the two-week training intervention and complete the required assessments.

Provision of written informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

Known cardiovascular, respiratory, metabolic, or neurological disorders that could affect exercise performance or participant safety.

Musculoskeletal injuries or conditions preventing participation in high-intensity cycling exercise.

Medical contraindications to maximal exercise testing or sprint interval training.

Piano di studio

Questa sezione fornisce i dettagli del piano di studio, compreso il modo in cui lo studio è progettato e ciò che lo studio sta misurando.

Come è strutturato lo studio?

Dettagli di progettazione

  • Scopo principale: Scienza basilare
  • Assegnazione: Non randomizzato
  • Modello interventistico: Assegnazione parallela
  • Mascheramento: Nessuno (etichetta aperta)

Armi e interventi

Gruppo di partecipanti / Arm
Intervento / Trattamento
Sperimentale: SIT10:1 - Short-Recovery Sprint Interval Training

Participants completed a two-week cycling sprint interval training program comprising six sessions (three sessions per week). The protocol involved repeated 10-second maximal cycling sprints separated by 60-second recovery intervals.

A two-week cycling sprint interval training intervention consisting of six sessions performed three times per week. Participants performed repeated 10-second maximal cycling sprints interspersed with 60-second recovery intervals.

Sperimentale: SIT10:4 - Long-Recovery Sprint Interval Training

Participants completed a two-week cycling sprint interval training program comprising six sessions (three sessions per week). The protocol involved repeated 10-second maximal cycling sprints separated by 240-second recovery intervals.

A two-week cycling sprint interval training intervention consisting of six sessions performed three times per week. Participants performed repeated 10-second maximal cycling sprints interspersed with 240-second recovery intervals.

Sperimentale: HIIT90:180 - High-Intensity Interval Training

Participants completed a two-week high-intensity interval cycling program consisting of six supervised training sessions (three sessions per week). Each session included six 90-second cycling bouts performed at 80% of maximal aerobic power, separated by 180-second passive recovery intervals. Exercise cadence was maintained at approximately 60 revolutions per minute.

A two-week cycling high-intensity interval training intervention comprising six supervised sessions performed three times per week. Each session consisted of six 90-second exercise bouts at 80% of maximal aerobic power, separated by 180-second passive recovery intervals. Cycling cadence was approximately 60 revolutions per minute.

Sperimentale: Wingate-SIT - Wingate-Based Sprint Interval Training

Participants completed a two-week sprint interval training program comprising six cycling sessions (three sessions per week). The intervention consisted of repeated 30-second all-out cycling sprints performed using a Wingate-based protocol, with recovery periods between successive efforts.

A two-week cycling sprint interval training intervention comprising six sessions performed three times per week. Participants performed repeated 30-second all-out cycling sprints using a Wingate-based protocol, with recovery intervals between successive sprints.

Cosa sta misurando lo studio?

Misure di risultato primarie

Misura del risultato
Misura Descrizione
Lasso di tempo
Change in Maximal Oxygen Uptake (VO2max)
Lasso di tempo: Baseline and after the 2-week training intervention

Change in maximal oxygen uptake (VO2max), expressed in mL/kg/min, assessed using an incremental exercise test before and after the two-week training intervention.

Baseline and after the 2-week training intervention

Misure di risultato secondarie

Misura del risultato
Misura Descrizione
Lasso di tempo
Change in Cognitive Performance
Lasso di tempo: Baseline and after the 2-week training intervention

Changes in cognitive performance assessed using the Stroop Color-Word Test (inhibitory control), Trail Making Test (processing speed and executive function), and Digit Span Test (working memory), before and after the two-week training intervention.

Baseline and after the 2-week training intervention
Change in Skeletal Muscle Oxidative Enzyme Activity
Lasso di tempo: Baseline and after the 2-week training intervention

Changes in skeletal muscle oxidative enzyme activity assessed in biopsy samples collected before and after the two-week training intervention. Muscle biopsies were performed in a subset of participants who provided additional informed consent for the procedure.

Baseline and after the 2-week training intervention

Collaboratori e investigatori

Qui è dove troverai le persone e le organizzazioni coinvolte in questo studio.

Sponsor

Studiare le date dei record

Queste date tengono traccia dell'avanzamento della registrazione dello studio e dell'invio dei risultati di sintesi a ClinicalTrials.gov. I record degli studi e i risultati riportati vengono esaminati dalla National Library of Medicine (NLM) per assicurarsi che soddisfino specifici standard di controllo della qualità prima di essere pubblicati sul sito Web pubblico.

Studia le date principali

Inizio studio (Effettivo)

10 febbraio 2013

Completamento primario (Effettivo)

17 aprile 2018

Completamento dello studio (Effettivo)

30 dicembre 2018

Date di iscrizione allo studio

Primo inviato

4 novembre 2026

Primo inviato che soddisfa i criteri di controllo qualità

4 novembre 2026

Primo Inserito (Effettivo)

9 novembre 2026

Aggiornamenti dei record di studio

Ultimo aggiornamento pubblicato (Effettivo)

9 novembre 2026

Ultimo aggiornamento inviato che soddisfa i criteri QC

4 novembre 2026

Ultimo verificato

1 novembre 2026

Maggiori informazioni

Termini relativi a questo studio

Altri numeri di identificazione dello studio

  • AWFiS/2026_5_RL

Piano per i dati dei singoli partecipanti (IPD)

Hai intenzione di condividere i dati dei singoli partecipanti (IPD)?

NO

Descrizione del piano IPD

Individual participant data will not be made publicly available due to participant confidentiality considerations and the absence of a data-sharing plan in the original study protocol.

Informazioni su farmaci e dispositivi, documenti di studio

Studia un prodotto farmaceutico regolamentato dalla FDA degli Stati Uniti

No

Studia un dispositivo regolamentato dalla FDA degli Stati Uniti

No

Queste informazioni sono state recuperate direttamente dal sito web clinicaltrials.gov senza alcuna modifica. In caso di richieste di modifica, rimozione o aggiornamento dei dettagli dello studio, contattare register@clinicaltrials.gov. Non appena verrà implementata una modifica su clinicaltrials.gov, questa verrà aggiornata automaticamente anche sul nostro sito web .