Effects of Food Form and Fitness on Appetite and Digestion.
2011年7月22日 更新者:Purdue University
Energy-yielding fluids induce weaker appetitive and compensatory dietary responses than energy-matched semi-solids or solids.
This is problematic because the high and increasing contribution of energy from beverages in the diet may enhance positive energy balance and weight gain.
The prevailing view of the overweight/obesity problem is that it stems from a small, sustained positive energy balance.
It follows then that only small changes, perhaps manipulations in the rheological characteristics of the diet, will be required to correct the problem.
Certain populations that are more prone to weight gain may benefit from such manipulations.
Obese individuals have a higher beverage intake and experience greater weight loss with reductions in beverage intake.
Further, there is evidence that obese individuals consume more energy after a liquid pre-load than their lean counterparts, yet there is no difference in energy intake after a solid load.
In contrast, habitual exercisers have been shown to have an increased accuracy of short-term regulation of food intake at meals following liquid preloads.
A better understanding of the mechanisms by which beverages and energy-matched solid food forms elicit differential appetitive and dietary responses in these populations needed.
This research will attempt to identify the influence of physical fitness and body fat on the ability to compensate for the energy content of solid and liquid preloads by reduction in energy intake at a subsequent ad libitum meal (i.e., acute compensation) and over the course of the day (i.e., short-term compensation).
Furthermore, this study will examine the cognitive contribution to differential responses to energy-matched beverage and solid food forms and the effects of mastication on appetite, GI transit, glycemic response, and selected endocrine responses.
調査の概要
状態
完了
研究の種類
介入
入学 (実際)
81
段階
- 適用できない
連絡先と場所
このセクションには、調査を実施する担当者の連絡先の詳細と、この調査が実施されている場所に関する情報が記載されています。
研究場所
-
-
Indiana
-
West Lafayette、Indiana、アメリカ、47907
- Purdue University
-
-
参加基準
研究者は、適格基準と呼ばれる特定の説明に適合する人を探します。これらの基準のいくつかの例は、人の一般的な健康状態または以前の治療です。
適格基準
就学可能な年齢
18年~50年 (大人)
健康ボランティアの受け入れ
はい
受講資格のある性別
全て
説明
Inclusion Criteria:
- 18-50 years of age BMI of 18-23 kg/m2 (lean) or 30-35 kg/m2 (obese) Sedentary physical activity level (<70th¬ percentile of estimated VO2max for age and sex) or physically Active/Exercisers (>70th¬ percentile of estimated VO2max for age and sex) Good health and not taking any medications known to influence appetite Non-smokers Not pregnant or lactating Weight stable (≤ 3 kg within last 3 months) Dietary restraint score <11 on the Three Factor Eating Questionnaire (included in the on-line screening questionnaire) Glucose Tolerant or Non-Diabetic (fasting blood glucose of <100 mg/dL) Self-reported consumer of breakfast and lunch
Exclusion Criteria:
- History or presence of significant metabolic diseases that may impact study results (i.e., endocrine, hepatic, renal disease) Individuals planning on starting a new diet or exercise regimen during the course of the study Use of obesity pharmacotherapeutic agents or over-the counter anti-obesity agents within the last 3 months Underlying conditions such as any cardiovascular, pulmonary, or neurological dysfunction that may be aggravated with exercise
研究計画
このセクションでは、研究がどのように設計され、研究が何を測定しているかなど、研究計画の詳細を提供します。
研究はどのように設計されていますか?
デザインの詳細
- 主な目的:基礎科学
- 割り当て:ランダム化
- 介入モデル:クロスオーバー割り当て
- マスキング:なし(オープンラベル)
武器と介入
参加者グループ / アーム |
介入・治療 |
---|---|
実験的:liquid to liquid,
|
• One test session will involve presentation of a glass of clear cherry-flavored unthickened beverage (Kool-Aid, Kraft Foods Inc., White Plains, NY).
This session will be referred to as the "Liquid to Liquid" session as the participants will be consuming a liquid and be told that the consistency in their stomach will be a liquid.
他の名前:
|
実験的:liquid to solid,
|
This session involves a solution of calcium chloride and a solution of sodium alginate.
The participant will be instructed to pour the cherry-flavored beverage/alginate solution into the calcium chloride.
The result is a solid mass.
They are allowed to examine the solution to confirm the solid texture and consistency.Participants will be told that this same reaction will occur in their stomach when the session's beverage is consumed due to the effect of gastric acid on the solution.
But, the participant will be consuming the same cherry-flavored beverage as in the 1st session.
Thus, they will believe that their GI tract will be challenged with a solid mass, but in reality, the challenge is the same (i.e., liquid).Therefore, the only difference between the test sessions is expectation.
他の名前:
|
実験的:solid to liquid
|
• This session will involve the same dense gelatin cubes previously described, but participants will be told that the solid cubes will turn to liquid when they come into contact with the acid in their stomach.
This trial will be known as "Solid to Liquid".
A demonstration of the "Solid to Solid" and "Solid to Liquid" phases will be shown to the participant before they consume the load.
Both phases exhibited by placing two cubes into separate containers filled with similar looking clear liquids.
The "Solid to Solid" phase container will contain cold water so the cube stays in solid form.
The "Solid to Liquid" phase container will contain hot water that will quickly dissolve the cube into a liquid form.
他の名前:
|
実験的:solid to solid
|
Participants will be presented with dense gelatin cubes.
These 1" x 1" x 1" cubes will have a solid appearance and require mastication, but is isocaloric to the beverage.
However, after mastication and gastric processing, the solid rapidly breaks down into a clear fluid.However, participants will be informed that the cubes will remain the same solid consistency in their stomach.
The masticatory process and stimulus form will be standardized through the use of a metronome.
Participants will be required to chew the solid cube at a fixed rate prior to swallowing.
Thus, adding to the cognitive impression that they are eating a solid when essentially the GI challenge will be similar to the beverage.
他の名前:
|
この研究は何を測定していますか?
主要な結果の測定
結果測定 |
メジャーの説明 |
時間枠 |
---|---|---|
Change of energy intake.
時間枠:24 hours
|
Effects of actual and perceived food form on short term energy intake in lean and obese, fit and unfit adults.
|
24 hours
|
二次結果の測定
結果測定 |
メジャーの説明 |
時間枠 |
---|---|---|
Change of appetite.
時間枠:4 hours
|
Effects of actual and perceived food form on hunger, fullness, desire to eat, and thirst.
|
4 hours
|
Gastric emptying
時間枠:4 hours
|
Effects of actual and perceived food form on gastric emptying time.
|
4 hours
|
Gastro-intestinal transit
時間枠:4 hours
|
Effects of actual and perceived food form on gastro-intestinal transit time.
|
4 hours
|
Endocrin responses
時間枠:4 hours
|
Effects of actual and perceived food form on GLP-1, CCK, Insulin, Ghrelin concentration.
|
4 hours
|
Glucose response
時間枠:4 hours
|
Effects of actual and perceived food form on serum glucose concentration.
|
4 hours
|
協力者と研究者
ここでは、この調査に関係する人々や組織を見つけることができます。
出版物と役立つリンク
研究に関する情報を入力する責任者は、自発的にこれらの出版物を提供します。これらは、研究に関連するあらゆるものに関するものである可能性があります。
研究記録日
これらの日付は、ClinicalTrials.gov への研究記録と要約結果の提出の進捗状況を追跡します。研究記録と報告された結果は、国立医学図書館 (NLM) によって審査され、公開 Web サイトに掲載される前に、特定の品質管理基準を満たしていることが確認されます。
主要日程の研究
研究開始
2009年1月1日
一次修了 (実際)
2009年12月1日
研究の完了 (実際)
2010年12月1日
試験登録日
最初に提出
2010年2月16日
QC基準を満たした最初の提出物
2010年2月16日
最初の投稿 (見積もり)
2010年2月17日
学習記録の更新
投稿された最後の更新 (見積もり)
2011年7月25日
QC基準を満たした最後の更新が送信されました
2011年7月22日
最終確認日
2011年7月1日
詳しくは
本研究に関する用語
その他の研究ID番号
- R01DK079913 (米国 NIH グラント/契約)
- 0805006922 (その他の識別子:Purdue University)
この情報は、Web サイト clinicaltrials.gov から変更なしで直接取得したものです。研究の詳細を変更、削除、または更新するリクエストがある場合は、register@clinicaltrials.gov。 までご連絡ください。 clinicaltrials.gov に変更が加えられるとすぐに、ウェブサイトでも自動的に更新されます。
liquid to liquidの臨床試験
-
Dana-Farber Cancer InstituteHarvard University; Conquer Cancer Foundation; Alex's Lemonade Stand Foundation; Sam Day Foundation募集骨のユーイング肉腫 | ユーイング肉腫 | 末梢原始神経外胚葉性腫瘍 | 骨の末梢原始神経外胚葉性腫瘍 | 高悪性度の骨肉腫 | 軟部組織のユーイング肉腫 | 軟部組織の末梢性原始神経外胚葉腫瘍アメリカ
-
TargetCancer FoundationFoundation Medicine募集
-
Institut für Klinische Krebsforschung IKF GmbH...Roche Pharma AG募集
-
Medical University of Graz募集
-
Merakris TherapeuticsUS Department of Veterans Affairs募集
-
Murdoch Childrens Research Institute一時停止
-
University of Maryland, BaltimoreNational Institute of Nursing Research (NINR)完了骨粗鬆症 | 健康行動