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- Ensaio Clínico NCT00625404
FEM-PrEP (Truvada®): Study to Assess the Role of Truvada® in Preventing HIV Acquisition in Women
Phase 3, Multi-center, Double-blind, Randomized, Placebo-controlled Effectiveness and Safety Study to Assess the Role of Truvada® in Preventing HIV Acquisition in Women
This Phase III, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial enrolled HIV-negative women from 4 sites in 3 countries (Kenya, Tanzania, South Africa). The study's purpose was to investigate the safety and effectiveness of a once-daily Truvada® pill (compared with placebo) in preventing HIV among HIV-uninfected women at risk of becoming infected through sexual intercourse.
The study population included HIV-antibody-negative women between the ages of 18-35 who were at risk of HIV acquisition through sexual intercourse. Each participant was randomized to take either a daily single oral tablet of Truvada®, which is a fixed-dose combination of emtricitabine (FTC; 200 mg) and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF; 300 mg), or an identical placebo.
After enrollment, each participant was followed every four weeks. All participants were followed for an additional eight weeks after study drug was stopped. Incidence rates of HIV infection were compared between the two groups (active drug and placebo) using the intent-to-treat principle.
Visão geral do estudo
Status
Condições
Intervenção / Tratamento
Descrição detalhada
This Phase III, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial enrolled HIV-negative women from 4 sites in 3 countries (Kenya, Tanzania, South Africa). The study's purpose was to investigate the safety and effectiveness of a once-daily Truvada® pill (compared with placebo) in preventing HIV among HIV-uninfected women at risk of becoming infected through sexual intercourse.
The study population included HIV-antibody-negative women between the ages of 18-35 who were at risk of HIV acquisition through sexual intercourse. Each participant was randomized to take either a daily single oral tablet of Truvada®, which is a fixed-dose combination of emtricitabine (FTC; 200 mg) and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF; 300 mg), or an identical placebo. All participants received risk reduction counseling and condoms. Women had to be using a study-approved effective non-barrier contraceptive method at the time of enrollment and were asked to do so for the whole period they were on study drug. They received contraceptive counseling throughout the study. Any diagnosed, treatable sexually transmitted infection was treated free of charge.
After enrollment, each participant was followed every four weeks. All participants were followed for an additional eight weeks after study drug was stopped. Participants at risk for Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) flare were followed every four weeks for 12 weeks after stopping study product. Participants who acquired HIV infection during the study stopped taking the study drug at the time of HIV diagnosis, and will be followed for 52 weeks post diagnosis and were referred for care and treatment. Participants who became pregnant stopped taking the study drug but continued follow-up visits. Incidence rates of HIV infection were compared between the two groups (active drug and placebo) using the intent-to-treat principle.
Tipo de estudo
Inscrição (Real)
Estágio
- Fase 3
Contactos e Locais
Locais de estudo
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Nyanza
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Bondo, Nyanza, Quênia
- Bondo Clinic, Bondo District Hospital
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Arusha, Tanzânia
- Arusha Clinic, Levolosi Health Center
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Bloemfontein, África do Sul
- Josha Research Center
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Gauteng
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Pretoria, Gauteng, África do Sul
- Setshaba Research Centre
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Critérios de participação
Critérios de elegibilidade
Idades elegíveis para estudo
Aceita Voluntários Saudáveis
Gêneros Elegíveis para o Estudo
Descrição
Inclusion Criteria:
- Willing and able (see criterion 2) to provide written informed consent to be screened for and to participate in the trial
- Able to answer a percentage of informed consent screening (75%) and enrollment (100%) comprehension quiz questions correctly
- Between 18-35 years old, inclusive
- At higher risk of becoming HIV infected
- Have a final negative result according to the site-specific screening HIV testing algorithm and a final negative result at enrollment according to the study HIV testing algorithm
Willing to participate in all aspects of the study and to comply with study procedures, for up to 60 weeks, including:
- Be randomized
- Use study product as directed
- Adhere to follow-up schedule and willing to be contacted by site staff between study visits (by phone and/or in person)
- Use a study-approved effective non-barrier method of contraception for the duration of the study
- Take study product, as evidenced by swallowing a vitamin tablet that is similar in size to the study product at enrollment
- Provide contact information and agrees to some form of contact method throughout the study
- Not intending to relocate out of the area for the duration of the study participation and does not have a job or other obligations that may require long absences from the area ( > 1 month at a time)
- In general good health and have no condition (social or medical) which, in the opinion of the Site Investigator, would make study participation unsafe or complicate data interpretation
- Not pregnant or breastfeeding, and does not anticipate a desire for pregnancy during the 52 weeks of on-product participation
Medically eligible at screening including:
- Adequate renal function (serum creatinine ≤ upper limit of normal (ULN) of local range and creatinine clearance ≥ 60ml/min estimated by the Cockcroft-Gault Creatinine Clearance Formula
- Adequate hepatic function (hepatic transaminases ALT and AST < 2x ULN [according to local normal ranges])
- HBsAg negative
- Serum phosphorus levels above the lower limit of the local normal range (according to local normal ranges - grade 3 & 4 hypophosphatemia will be excluded even if within normal local ranges)
- Not received or receiving an experimental HIV vaccine, participating in another HIV prevention study or participating in any other clinical trial with a biomedical intervention
- No clinical signs of liver disease (e.g., ascites, spider angiomata, hepatomegaly, jaundice)
- No definite evidence of glycosuria or proteinuria (i.e., no repeated positive [ ≥ + 1 ] urine dipstick). If a urine dipstick is positive for either glucose and/or protein at the first test, a second urine sample will be tested.
- No history of pathological bone fractures
- No history of adverse reaction to latex
- Not taking any of the following medications: nephrotoxic agents; aminoglycoside antibiotics (including gentamicin); intravenous (IV) amphotericin B; cidofovir; cisplatin; foscarnet; IV pentamidine; oral or IV vancomycin; oral or IV gancyclovir; other agents with significant nephrotoxic potential; drugs that slow renal excretion; probenecid; immune system modulators; systemic chemotherapeutic agents (i.e. cancer treatment medications); systemic corticosteroids; interleukin-2 (IL-2); immunomodulators; interferon (alpha, beta, or gamma); other antiretrovirals (including nucleoside analogs, non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors, protease inhibitors or investigational antiretroviral agents)
Plano de estudo
Como o estudo é projetado?
Detalhes do projeto
- Finalidade Principal: Prevenção
- Alocação: Randomizado
- Modelo Intervencional: Atribuição Paralela
- Mascaramento: Quadruplicar
Armas e Intervenções
Grupo de Participantes / Braço |
Intervenção / Tratamento |
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Experimental: Truvada Arm
Daily single oral tablet of Truvada (TDF/FTC), a fixed-dose combination of emtricitabine (FTC; 200 mg) and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF; 300 mg).
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Daily single oral tablet of Truvada - a fixed-dose combination of emtricitabine (FTC; 200 mg) and tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF; 300 mg).
Outros nomes:
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Comparador de Placebo: Placebo Arm
Daily single oral tablet of Placebo.
Tablets are identical to Truvada tablets in taste and appearance; however, they contain no active ingredients.
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Daily single oral tablet of Placebo.
Tablets are identical to Truvada tablets in taste and appearance; however, they contain no active ingredients.
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O que o estudo está medindo?
Medidas de resultados primários
Medida de resultado |
Descrição da medida |
Prazo |
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HIV Infection
Prazo: Cumulative HIV infection between enrollment and 52 weeks
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HIV Seroconversion, with time to infection refined based on PCR results obtained from stored specimens.
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Cumulative HIV infection between enrollment and 52 weeks
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Confirmed Grade 2 or Higher Serum Creatinine Toxicity
Prazo: cumulative toxicity through 52 weeks of product use and 4 weeks post product
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Repeat specimens were collected to confirm chemistry toxicities.
Grade 2 or higher serum creatinine toxicity was defined as ≥1.4 times the upper limit of normal
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cumulative toxicity through 52 weeks of product use and 4 weeks post product
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Frequency of Adverse Events (AEs) During and Within 4 Weeks After Study Product Administration
Prazo: 10-26 months per site
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The total number of adverse events in the placebo and Truvada arms during and within 4 weeks after study product administration.
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10-26 months per site
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Confirmed Grade 3 or Higher Reduction in Phosphorus
Prazo: Through 52 weeks on product and 4 weeks post-product
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Repeat specimens were collected to confirm chemistry toxicities.
Grade 3 phosphorus reduction was defined as ≤2.4mg/dL
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Through 52 weeks on product and 4 weeks post-product
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Confirmed Grade 3 or Higher ALT Elevation
Prazo: Through 52 weeks on product and 4 weeks post-product
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Grade 3 or higher ALT elevation was defined as ≥ 2.6 times the upper limit of normal
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Through 52 weeks on product and 4 weeks post-product
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Confirmed Grade 3 or Higher AST Elevation
Prazo: Through 52 weeks on product and 4 weeks post-product
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Grade 3 or higher AST elevation was defined as ≥ 2.6 times the upper limit of normal
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Through 52 weeks on product and 4 weeks post-product
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Medidas de resultados secundários
Medida de resultado |
Descrição da medida |
Prazo |
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Plasma HIV RNA Level (HIV-1 Viral Load)
Prazo: up to 16 weeks
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Viral load at the time of HIV detection, HIV conversion and through 16 weeks
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up to 16 weeks
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CD4+ T-cell Count
Prazo: Up to 16 weeks
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CD4+ T-cell Count at the Time of HIV Seroconversion through 16 weeks
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Up to 16 weeks
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FTC and/or Tenofovir Resistance
Prazo: up to 52 weeks
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Genotypic resistance to FTC and/or tenofovir at the time of HIV diagnosis and 4 weeks later. If resistance was present, testing was repeated at weeks 12, 24, 36 and 52 as necessary (resistance testing will stop if no resistance is detected). participants were classified as having resistance if they had one or more visits in which resistance was detected, even if the resistance became undetectable over time. |
up to 52 weeks
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Pregnancy Complications
Prazo: up to 60 weeks
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Reported complications during pregnancy, including spontaneous abortion, vaginal or uterine bleeding, emergency c-section and other complications
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up to 60 weeks
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Pill Counts and Participant Report of Adherence to Once-daily Pill Taking
Prazo: Up to 52 weeks
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Pill counts and participant report of adherence to once-daily pill taking reported as mean days study product could have been used according to pill counts
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Up to 52 weeks
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Participant Report of Change in Number of Sexual Partners
Prazo: Up to 52 weeks
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Difference in mean number of reported sexual partners between final study visit and enrollment visit
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Up to 52 weeks
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Colaboradores e Investigadores
Patrocinador
Investigadores
- Investigador principal: Lut Van Damme, MD, MS, PhD, FHI 360
- Investigador principal: Amy Corneli, PhD, MPH, FHI 360
- Diretor de estudo: Jennifer Deese, MPH, FHI 360
Publicações e links úteis
Publicações Gerais
- Van Damme L, Corneli A, Ahmed K, Agot K, Lombaard J, Kapiga S, Malahleha M, Owino F, Manongi R, Onyango J, Temu L, Monedi MC, Mak'Oketch P, Makanda M, Reblin I, Makatu SE, Saylor L, Kiernan H, Kirkendale S, Wong C, Grant R, Kashuba A, Nanda K, Mandala J, Fransen K, Deese J, Crucitti T, Mastro TD, Taylor D; FEM-PrEP Study Group. Preexposure prophylaxis for HIV infection among African women. N Engl J Med. 2012 Aug 2;367(5):411-22. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1202614. Epub 2012 Jul 11.
- Mandala J, Nanda K, Wang M, De Baetselier I, Deese J, Lombaard J, Owino F, Malahleha M, Manongi R, Taylor D, Van Damme L. Liver and renal safety of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in combination with emtricitabine among African women in a pre-exposure prophylaxis trial. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol. 2014 Dec 24;15:77. doi: 10.1186/2050-6511-15-77.
- Grant RM, Liegler T, Defechereux P, Kashuba AD, Taylor D, Abdel-Mohsen M, Deese J, Fransen K, De Baetselier I, Crucitti T, Bentley G, Agingu W, Ahmed K, Damme LV. Drug resistance and plasma viral RNA level after ineffective use of oral pre-exposure prophylaxis in women. AIDS. 2015 Jan 28;29(3):331-7. doi: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000000556.
- Todd CS, Deese J, Wang M, Hubacher D, Steiner MJ, Otunga S, Van Damme L; FEM-PrEP Study Group. Sino-implant (II)(R) continuation and effect of concomitant tenofovir disoproxil fumarate-emtricitabine use on plasma levonorgestrel concentrations among women in Bondo, Kenya. Contraception. 2015 Mar;91(3):248-52. doi: 10.1016/j.contraception.2014.10.008. Epub 2014 Oct 22.
Datas de registro do estudo
Datas Principais do Estudo
Início do estudo
Conclusão Primária (Real)
Conclusão do estudo (Real)
Datas de inscrição no estudo
Enviado pela primeira vez
Enviado pela primeira vez que atendeu aos critérios de CQ
Primeira postagem (Estimativa)
Atualizações de registro de estudo
Última Atualização Postada (Real)
Última atualização enviada que atendeu aos critérios de controle de qualidade
Última verificação
Mais Informações
Termos relacionados a este estudo
Palavras-chave
Termos MeSH relevantes adicionais
- Infecções por vírus de RNA
- Doenças Virais
- Infecções
- Infecções transmitidas pelo sangue
- Doenças Transmissíveis
- Doenças Sexualmente Transmissíveis, Virais
- Doenças Sexualmente Transmissíveis
- Infecções por Lentivírus
- Infecções por Retroviridae
- Síndromes de Deficiência Imunológica
- Doenças do sistema imunológico
- Infecções por HIV
- Mecanismos Moleculares de Ação Farmacológica
- Agentes Anti-Infecciosos
- Antivirais
- Inibidores da transcriptase reversa
- Inibidores da Síntese de Ácido Nucleico
- Inibidores Enzimáticos
- Agentes anti-HIV
- Antirretrovirais
- Tenofovir
- Emtricitabina
- Emtricitabina, Fumarato de Tenofovir Disoproxil Combinação de Medicamentos
Outros números de identificação do estudo
- 10015 (Outro identificador: Fred Hutch/University of Washington Cancer Consortium)
Essas informações foram obtidas diretamente do site clinicaltrials.gov sem nenhuma alteração. Se você tiver alguma solicitação para alterar, remover ou atualizar os detalhes do seu estudo, entre em contato com register@clinicaltrials.gov. Assim que uma alteração for implementada em clinicaltrials.gov, ela também será atualizada automaticamente em nosso site .
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