Effects of Choice Bundling on Valuation of Delayed Gains and Losses in Cigarette Smokers
2021年10月26日 更新者：Warren K. Bickel、Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
The present study will investigate the effects of choice bundling, in which a single choice produces a series of repeating consequences, on valuation of delayed monetary gains and losses in an online panel of cigarette smokers.
研究概览
详细说明
Choice bundling, in which a single choice produces a series of repeating consequences, has been shown to increase valuation of delayed monetary and non-monetary gains.
Interventions derived from this manipulation may be an effective method for mitigating the elevated delay discounting rates observed in cigarette smokers.
No prior work, however, has investigated whether effects of choice bundling generalize to reward losses.
In the present study, an online panel of cigarette smokers, recruited using Ipsos, will complete assessments for either monetary gains or losses (randomly assigned).
In Step 1, participants will complete a delay-discounting task to establish Effective Delay 50 (ED50), or the delay required for a monetary outcome to lose half of its value.
In Step 2, participants will complete three conditions of an adjusting-amount task, choosing between a smaller, sooner (SS) adjusting amount and a larger, later (LL) fixed amount.
The bundle size (i.e., number of consequences) will be manipulated across conditions, where a single choice will produce either 1 (control), 3, or 9 consequences over time (ascending/descending order counterbalanced).
The delay to the first LL amount in each condition, as well as the intervals between all additional SS and LL amounts (where applicable), will be set to individual participants' ED50 values from Step 1 to control for differences in discounting of gains and losses.
研究类型
介入性
注册 (实际的)
308
阶段
- 不适用
联系人和位置
本节提供了进行研究的人员的详细联系信息，以及有关进行该研究的地点的信息。
学习地点
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Virginia
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Roanoke、Virginia、美国、24016
- Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC
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参与标准
研究人员寻找符合特定描述的人，称为资格标准。这些标准的一些例子是一个人的一般健康状况或先前的治疗。
资格标准
适合学习的年龄
21年 及以上 (成人、年长者)
接受健康志愿者
不
有资格学习的性别
全部
描述
Inclusion Criteria:
- currently smoke at least 10 cigarettes per day
- have smoked at least 100 cigarettes (lifetime), and
- are 21 years of age or older.
Exclusion Criteria:
- Inaccurate identification of usual brand cigarette's as menthol or non-menthol
学习计划
本节提供研究计划的详细信息，包括研究的设计方式和研究的衡量标准。
研究是如何设计的？
设计细节
- 主要用途：基础科学
- 分配：随机化
- 介入模型：并行分配
- 屏蔽：双倍的
武器和干预
参与者组/臂 |
干预/治疗 |
|---|---|
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实验性的：Gains, Ascending Bundle-Size Order
Participants will complete the choice bundling adjusting-amount task for monetary gains in an ascending order of bundle size.
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In this condition, each choice in the adjusting-amount task produces only a single consequence (e.g., lose $900 in 1 year).
In this condition, each choice in the adjusting-amount task produce a series of three consequences over time.
o hold total amount constant across conditions, the $900 available in the bundle-size 1 condition will be distributed equally across all consequences in the series.
(e.g., lose $300 in 1 year, lose $300 in 2 years, lose $300 in 3 years).
In this condition, each choice in the adjusting-amount task produce a series of nine consequences over time.
To hold total amount constant across conditions, the $900 available in the bundle-size 1 condition will be distributed equally across all consequences in the series.
(e.g., lose $100 in 1 year, lose $100 in 2 years, lose $100 in 3 years...lose $100 in 9 years).
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实验性的：Gains, Descending Bundle-Size Order
Participants will complete the choice bundling adjusting-amount task for monetary gains in a descending order of bundle size.
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In this condition, each choice in the adjusting-amount task produces only a single consequence (e.g., lose $900 in 1 year).
In this condition, each choice in the adjusting-amount task produce a series of three consequences over time.
o hold total amount constant across conditions, the $900 available in the bundle-size 1 condition will be distributed equally across all consequences in the series.
(e.g., lose $300 in 1 year, lose $300 in 2 years, lose $300 in 3 years).
In this condition, each choice in the adjusting-amount task produce a series of nine consequences over time.
To hold total amount constant across conditions, the $900 available in the bundle-size 1 condition will be distributed equally across all consequences in the series.
(e.g., lose $100 in 1 year, lose $100 in 2 years, lose $100 in 3 years...lose $100 in 9 years).
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实验性的：Losses, Ascending Bundle-Size Order
Participants will complete the choice bundling adjusting-amount task for monetary losses in an ascending order of bundle size.
|
In this condition, each choice in the adjusting-amount task produces only a single consequence (e.g., lose $900 in 1 year).
In this condition, each choice in the adjusting-amount task produce a series of three consequences over time.
o hold total amount constant across conditions, the $900 available in the bundle-size 1 condition will be distributed equally across all consequences in the series.
(e.g., lose $300 in 1 year, lose $300 in 2 years, lose $300 in 3 years).
In this condition, each choice in the adjusting-amount task produce a series of nine consequences over time.
To hold total amount constant across conditions, the $900 available in the bundle-size 1 condition will be distributed equally across all consequences in the series.
(e.g., lose $100 in 1 year, lose $100 in 2 years, lose $100 in 3 years...lose $100 in 9 years).
|
|
实验性的：Losses, Descending Bundle-Size Order
Participants will complete the choice bundling adjusting-amount task for monetary losses in an ascending order of bundle size.
|
In this condition, each choice in the adjusting-amount task produces only a single consequence (e.g., lose $900 in 1 year).
In this condition, each choice in the adjusting-amount task produce a series of three consequences over time.
o hold total amount constant across conditions, the $900 available in the bundle-size 1 condition will be distributed equally across all consequences in the series.
(e.g., lose $300 in 1 year, lose $300 in 2 years, lose $300 in 3 years).
In this condition, each choice in the adjusting-amount task produce a series of nine consequences over time.
To hold total amount constant across conditions, the $900 available in the bundle-size 1 condition will be distributed equally across all consequences in the series.
(e.g., lose $100 in 1 year, lose $100 in 2 years, lose $100 in 3 years...lose $100 in 9 years).
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研究衡量的是什么？
主要结果指标
结果测量 |
措施说明 |
大体时间 |
|---|---|---|
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Indifference points
大体时间：1 day (same session)
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Participants complete three conditions of the adjusting-amount task (one at each bundle size), in which they choose between a larger, delayed amount ($900) and a smaller, immediate amount.
Across trials, the smaller amount titrates until reaching an indifference point.
This indifference point provides an index of the value of the larger option.
For example, an indifference point of $300 indicates the larger, delayed amount as been discounted by two thirds.
Higher values reflect less delay discounting.
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1 day (same session)
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合作者和调查者
在这里您可以找到参与这项研究的人员和组织。
调查人员
- 首席研究员：Warren K Bickel, PhD、Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
研究记录日期
这些日期跟踪向 ClinicalTrials.gov 提交研究记录和摘要结果的进度。研究记录和报告的结果由国家医学图书馆 (NLM) 审查，以确保它们在发布到公共网站之前符合特定的质量控制标准。
研究主要日期
学习开始 (实际的)
2021年7月26日
初级完成 (实际的)
2021年8月12日
研究完成 (实际的)
2021年8月12日
研究注册日期
首次提交
2021年10月11日
首先提交符合 QC 标准的
2021年10月26日
首次发布 (实际的)
2021年11月8日
研究记录更新
最后更新发布 (实际的)
2021年11月8日
上次提交的符合 QC 标准的更新
2021年10月26日
最后验证
2021年10月1日
更多信息
与本研究相关的术语
计划个人参与者数据 (IPD)
计划共享个人参与者数据 (IPD)？
是的
IPD 计划说明
De-identified participant data will be made available from the Open Science Framework (OSF) database.
The url providing access to data will be provided in study publications.
IPD 共享时间框架
Data will become available immediately upon publication of the manuscript and will remain available for 5 years.
药物和器械信息、研究文件
研究美国 FDA 监管的药品
不
研究美国 FDA 监管的设备产品
不
此信息直接从 clinicaltrials.gov 网站检索，没有任何更改。如果您有任何更改、删除或更新研究详细信息的请求，请联系 register@clinicaltrials.gov. clinicaltrials.gov 上实施更改，我们的网站上也会自动更新.
Bundle-size 1的临床试验
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