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Effects of Choice Bundling on Valuation of Delayed Gains and Losses in Cigarette Smokers

26. oktober 2021 opdateret af: Warren K. Bickel, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
The present study will investigate the effects of choice bundling, in which a single choice produces a series of repeating consequences, on valuation of delayed monetary gains and losses in an online panel of cigarette smokers.

Studieoversigt

Status

Afsluttet

Betingelser

Intervention / Behandling

Detaljeret beskrivelse

Choice bundling, in which a single choice produces a series of repeating consequences, has been shown to increase valuation of delayed monetary and non-monetary gains. Interventions derived from this manipulation may be an effective method for mitigating the elevated delay discounting rates observed in cigarette smokers. No prior work, however, has investigated whether effects of choice bundling generalize to reward losses. In the present study, an online panel of cigarette smokers, recruited using Ipsos, will complete assessments for either monetary gains or losses (randomly assigned). In Step 1, participants will complete a delay-discounting task to establish Effective Delay 50 (ED50), or the delay required for a monetary outcome to lose half of its value. In Step 2, participants will complete three conditions of an adjusting-amount task, choosing between a smaller, sooner (SS) adjusting amount and a larger, later (LL) fixed amount. The bundle size (i.e., number of consequences) will be manipulated across conditions, where a single choice will produce either 1 (control), 3, or 9 consequences over time (ascending/descending order counterbalanced). The delay to the first LL amount in each condition, as well as the intervals between all additional SS and LL amounts (where applicable), will be set to individual participants' ED50 values from Step 1 to control for differences in discounting of gains and losses.

Undersøgelsestype

Interventionel

Tilmelding (Faktiske)

308

Fase

  • Ikke anvendelig

Kontakter og lokationer

Dette afsnit indeholder kontaktoplysninger for dem, der udfører undersøgelsen, og oplysninger om, hvor denne undersøgelse udføres.

Studiesteder

  • Forenede Stater
    • Virginia
      • Roanoke, Virginia, Forenede Stater, 24016
        • Fralin Biomedical Research Institute at VTC

Deltagelseskriterier

Forskere leder efter personer, der passer til en bestemt beskrivelse, kaldet berettigelseskriterier. Nogle eksempler på disse kriterier er en persons generelle helbredstilstand eller tidligere behandlinger.

Berettigelseskriterier

Aldre berettiget til at studere

21 år og ældre (Voksen, Ældre voksen)

Tager imod sunde frivillige

Ingen

Køn, der er berettiget til at studere

Alle

Beskrivelse

Inclusion Criteria:

  • currently smoke at least 10 cigarettes per day
  • have smoked at least 100 cigarettes (lifetime), and
  • are 21 years of age or older.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Inaccurate identification of usual brand cigarette's as menthol or non-menthol

Studieplan

Dette afsnit indeholder detaljer om studieplanen, herunder hvordan undersøgelsen er designet, og hvad undersøgelsen måler.

Hvordan er undersøgelsen tilrettelagt?

Design detaljer

  • Primært formål: Grundvidenskab
  • Tildeling: Randomiseret
  • Interventionel model: Parallel tildeling
  • Maskning: Dobbelt

Våben og indgreb

Deltagergruppe / Arm
Intervention / Behandling
Eksperimentel: Gains, Ascending Bundle-Size Order
Participants will complete the choice bundling adjusting-amount task for monetary gains in an ascending order of bundle size.
Adfærdsmæssigt: Bundle-size 1
In this condition, each choice in the adjusting-amount task produces only a single consequence (e.g., lose $900 in 1 year).
Adfærdsmæssigt: Bundle-size 3
In this condition, each choice in the adjusting-amount task produce a series of three consequences over time. o hold total amount constant across conditions, the $900 available in the bundle-size 1 condition will be distributed equally across all consequences in the series. (e.g., lose $300 in 1 year, lose $300 in 2 years, lose $300 in 3 years).
Adfærdsmæssigt: Bundle-size 9
In this condition, each choice in the adjusting-amount task produce a series of nine consequences over time. To hold total amount constant across conditions, the $900 available in the bundle-size 1 condition will be distributed equally across all consequences in the series. (e.g., lose $100 in 1 year, lose $100 in 2 years, lose $100 in 3 years...lose $100 in 9 years).
Eksperimentel: Gains, Descending Bundle-Size Order
Participants will complete the choice bundling adjusting-amount task for monetary gains in a descending order of bundle size.
Adfærdsmæssigt: Bundle-size 1
In this condition, each choice in the adjusting-amount task produces only a single consequence (e.g., lose $900 in 1 year).
Adfærdsmæssigt: Bundle-size 3
In this condition, each choice in the adjusting-amount task produce a series of three consequences over time. o hold total amount constant across conditions, the $900 available in the bundle-size 1 condition will be distributed equally across all consequences in the series. (e.g., lose $300 in 1 year, lose $300 in 2 years, lose $300 in 3 years).
Adfærdsmæssigt: Bundle-size 9
In this condition, each choice in the adjusting-amount task produce a series of nine consequences over time. To hold total amount constant across conditions, the $900 available in the bundle-size 1 condition will be distributed equally across all consequences in the series. (e.g., lose $100 in 1 year, lose $100 in 2 years, lose $100 in 3 years...lose $100 in 9 years).
Eksperimentel: Losses, Ascending Bundle-Size Order
Participants will complete the choice bundling adjusting-amount task for monetary losses in an ascending order of bundle size.
Adfærdsmæssigt: Bundle-size 1
In this condition, each choice in the adjusting-amount task produces only a single consequence (e.g., lose $900 in 1 year).
Adfærdsmæssigt: Bundle-size 3
In this condition, each choice in the adjusting-amount task produce a series of three consequences over time. o hold total amount constant across conditions, the $900 available in the bundle-size 1 condition will be distributed equally across all consequences in the series. (e.g., lose $300 in 1 year, lose $300 in 2 years, lose $300 in 3 years).
Adfærdsmæssigt: Bundle-size 9
In this condition, each choice in the adjusting-amount task produce a series of nine consequences over time. To hold total amount constant across conditions, the $900 available in the bundle-size 1 condition will be distributed equally across all consequences in the series. (e.g., lose $100 in 1 year, lose $100 in 2 years, lose $100 in 3 years...lose $100 in 9 years).
Eksperimentel: Losses, Descending Bundle-Size Order
Participants will complete the choice bundling adjusting-amount task for monetary losses in an ascending order of bundle size.
Adfærdsmæssigt: Bundle-size 1
In this condition, each choice in the adjusting-amount task produces only a single consequence (e.g., lose $900 in 1 year).
Adfærdsmæssigt: Bundle-size 3
In this condition, each choice in the adjusting-amount task produce a series of three consequences over time. o hold total amount constant across conditions, the $900 available in the bundle-size 1 condition will be distributed equally across all consequences in the series. (e.g., lose $300 in 1 year, lose $300 in 2 years, lose $300 in 3 years).
Adfærdsmæssigt: Bundle-size 9
In this condition, each choice in the adjusting-amount task produce a series of nine consequences over time. To hold total amount constant across conditions, the $900 available in the bundle-size 1 condition will be distributed equally across all consequences in the series. (e.g., lose $100 in 1 year, lose $100 in 2 years, lose $100 in 3 years...lose $100 in 9 years).

Hvad måler undersøgelsen?

Primære resultatmål

Resultatmål
Foranstaltningsbeskrivelse
Tidsramme
Indifference points
Tidsramme: 1 day (same session)
Participants complete three conditions of the adjusting-amount task (one at each bundle size), in which they choose between a larger, delayed amount ($900) and a smaller, immediate amount. Across trials, the smaller amount titrates until reaching an indifference point. This indifference point provides an index of the value of the larger option. For example, an indifference point of $300 indicates the larger, delayed amount as been discounted by two thirds. Higher values reflect less delay discounting.
1 day (same session)

Samarbejdspartnere og efterforskere

Det er her, du vil finde personer og organisationer, der er involveret i denne undersøgelse.

Sponsor

Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University

Samarbejdspartnere

National Cancer Institute (NCI)
University of Minnesota

Efterforskere

  • Ledende efterforsker: Warren K Bickel, PhD, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University

Datoer for undersøgelser

Disse datoer sporer fremskridtene for indsendelser af undersøgelsesrekord og resumeresultater til ClinicalTrials.gov. Studieregistreringer og rapporterede resultater gennemgås af National Library of Medicine (NLM) for at sikre, at de opfylder specifikke kvalitetskontrolstandarder, før de offentliggøres på den offentlige hjemmeside.

Studer store datoer

Studiestart (Faktiske)

26. juli 2021

Primær færdiggørelse (Faktiske)

12. august 2021

Studieafslutning (Faktiske)

12. august 2021

Datoer for studieregistrering

Først indsendt

11. oktober 2021

Først indsendt, der opfyldte QC-kriterier

26. oktober 2021

Først opslået (Faktiske)

8. november 2021

Opdateringer af undersøgelsesjournaler

Sidste opdatering sendt (Faktiske)

8. november 2021

Sidste opdatering indsendt, der opfyldte kvalitetskontrolkriterier

26. oktober 2021

Sidst verificeret

1. oktober 2021

Mere information

Begreber relateret til denne undersøgelse

Nøgleord

Andre undersøgelses-id-numre

  • 20-827
  • 5P01CA217806 (U.S. NIH-bevilling/kontrakt)

Plan for individuelle deltagerdata (IPD)

Planlægger du at dele individuelle deltagerdata (IPD)?

JA

IPD-planbeskrivelse

De-identified participant data will be made available from the Open Science Framework (OSF) database. The url providing access to data will be provided in study publications.

IPD-delingstidsramme

Data will become available immediately upon publication of the manuscript and will remain available for 5 years.

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Kliniske forsøg med Cigaretrygning

Kliniske forsøg med Bundle-size 1

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