Preventing Hypoglycemia During Exercise With Proactive Snacking on Closed Loop

April 16, 2020 updated by: Jennifer Sherr, Yale University
This study is designed to look at how snacking during exercise may help prevent low blood sugars while subjects are on the "closed loop artificial pancreas." This system uses a continuous glucose sensor, an insulin pump, and a computer program that automatically determines how much insulin to give based on the sensor glucose level.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

This study will be a randomized cross-over study as subjects will be studied under both study conditions - Closed Loop (CL) alone vs. CL + proactive snacking protocol). Differences in the nadir blood glucose levels during exercise between the two study conditions will be the primary outcome measure.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
15

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Early Phase 1

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • United States
    • Connecticut
      • New Haven, Connecticut, United States, 06520
        • Yale University School of Medicine

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

13 years to 44 years (Child, Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  1. Age 13-45 years
  2. Clinical diagnosis of T1D (formal antibody and/or genetic testing will not be required)
  3. Duration of T1D ≥ 1 year
  4. HbA1c ≤ 9 %
  5. Treated with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (pump) for at least 3 months
  6. Body weight > 40 kg (to accommodate phlebotomy)
  7. Able to tolerate a 75-minute exercise period of moderate intensity
  8. Be willing to wear 2 subcutaneous glucose sensors (placed under the skin like a pump site) simultaneously during the inpatient portions of this study.
  9. Be in good general health without other acute or chronic illness that in the judgment of the investigator could interfere with the study or jeopardize subject safety
  10. Normal hematocrit
  11. Able to give consent (for children <18 years, permission from parents and subject assent will be required)
  12. Female subjects of reproductive potential must be abstinent or consistently using appropriate family planning methods.

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Insulin resistant (defined as requiring > 1.5 units/kg/day at time of study enrollment)
  2. Presence of any medical or psychiatric disorder that may interfere with subject safety or study conduct
  3. Use of any medications (besides insulin) known to effect blood glucose levels, including oral or other systemic glucocorticoid therapy. Inhaled, intranasal, or rectal corticosteroid use is allowed along as not given within 2 weeks of the closed loop admissions. Use of topical glucocorticoids is allowable as long as affected skin area does not overlap with study device sites.
  4. Subjects using herbal supplements will be excluded, due to the unknown effects of these supplements on glucose control
  5. History of hypoglycemic seizure within last 3 months
  6. Female subjects who are pregnant, lactating, or unwilling to be tested for pregnancy

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: CL and exercise with proactive snacking
Subject will consume oral glucose prior to starting exercise regimen while on the Medtronic MiniMed Closed Loop (CL) System
Device: Medtronic MiniMed Closed Loop (CL) System
The Medtronic MiniMed Closed Loop (CL) System is an investigational system that uses some commercially available products. An investigational Enlite 2 glucose sensor measures the sensor glucose. The glucose sensor signal is sent to the insulin pump. From the insulin pump the sensor glucose is sent through the translator, which then relays the signal on to a controller. An Android Mobile Device (off the shelf) has the control algorithm installed. This device is known as the controller. The controller serves as the control center for the Android system, receiving data from the sensor and pump components, feeding the data to its control algorithm, issuing delivery commands to the pump to apply the algorithm's recommend therapy, and providing a means to monitor the system.
Other: Snacking
Up to 45 g of oral glucose via Gatorade
Other Names:
  • Oral glucose
Active Comparator: CL and exercise without proactive snacking
Subject will not consume oral glucose prior to starting exercise regimen while on the Medtronic MiniMed Closed Loop (CL) System
Device: Medtronic MiniMed Closed Loop (CL) System
The Medtronic MiniMed Closed Loop (CL) System is an investigational system that uses some commercially available products. An investigational Enlite 2 glucose sensor measures the sensor glucose. The glucose sensor signal is sent to the insulin pump. From the insulin pump the sensor glucose is sent through the translator, which then relays the signal on to a controller. An Android Mobile Device (off the shelf) has the control algorithm installed. This device is known as the controller. The controller serves as the control center for the Android system, receiving data from the sensor and pump components, feeding the data to its control algorithm, issuing delivery commands to the pump to apply the algorithm's recommend therapy, and providing a means to monitor the system.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Nadir blood glucose levels during exercise
Time Frame: 75 minutes
Difference in the nadir blood glucose levels during exercise between the two study conditions: Closed Loop alone vs. Closed Loop+ snacking.
75 minutes

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Episodes of hypoglycemia (blood glucose <60mg/dL) during exercise
Time Frame: 75 minutes
Percentage of subjects that required treatment for hypoglycemia during the exercise period between the two study conditions
75 minutes
Mean reduction in blood glucose during exercise
Time Frame: 75 minutes
Mean Reduction in blood glucose from baseline blood glucose during exercise
75 minutes
Mean time blood glucose in target during exercise
Time Frame: 75 minutes
Comparison of the mean time blood glucose levels were between 70-180mg/dL during exercise between the two study conditions
75 minutes
Mean time blood glucose levels are in target during the overnight period
Time Frame: 17 hours
Comparison of the mean time blood glucose levels are in target (70-180mg/dL) during the overnight period after mid-afternoon exercise.
17 hours
Mean glucose values
Time Frame: 12 hours
Comparison of the mean daytime and nighttime glucose values
12 hours
Mean 24- hour glucose levels
Time Frame: 24 hours
Comparison of the mean 24- hour glucose levels
24 hours
insulin delivery during CL therapy
Time Frame: 24 hours
Differences between insulin delivery during CL therapy during the two study conditions (pro-active snacking vs. no snacking) will be assessed.
24 hours
Incremental meal-related glucose Area Under the Curve
Time Frame: 24 hours
Assessment of incremental meal related glucose area under the curve will be conducted.
24 hours
Nadir glucose levels following the meals
Time Frame: 24 hours
Nadir glucose levels following meals will be compared between the two study conditions
24 hours
Area under the curve meal-related plasma insulin level excursion following meals
Time Frame: 24 hours
Area under the curve meal-related insulin excursion following meals.
24 hours
Nadir glucose levels overnight
Time Frame: 12 hours
Difference between nadir glucose levels between the two study conditions will be assessed.
12 hours
Mean absolute relative difference (MARD) for each sensor
Time Frame: 24 hours
Calculation and comparison of the mean absolute relative difference for each sensor will be performed and comparisons between accuracy of the sensors will be done.
24 hours
Mean daytime and nighttime glucose values
Time Frame: 24 hours
Comparison of the mean daytime and nighttime glucose levels
24 hours

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Yale University

Collaborators

Collaborators

An organization other than the sponsor that provides support for a clinical study. This support may include activities related to funding, design, implementation, data analysis, or reporting.
National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases (NIDDK)

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: Jennifer Sherr, MD, PhD, Yale University

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
January 1, 2015

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
June 1, 2016

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
December 1, 2016

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
April 16, 2014

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
May 7, 2014

First Posted (Estimate)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
May 9, 2014

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
April 20, 2020

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
April 16, 2020

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
April 1, 2020

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • 1403013588
  • T32DK063703 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract)

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

Cookie Settings

We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. For more details carefully read our Privacy and Cookies Policy. ...>>>You can change your preferences or withdraw your consent at any time by deleting the cookies from your website or computer as described in the policy. Please accept it and choose your preferences by ticking the corresponding boxes in the "Manage Settings" section below. Please carefully read our Terms of Service before you proceed with using any part of this website.
«Manage Settings