Midazolam Versus Dexamethasone-ondansetron in Preventing Postoperative Nausea-vomiting for Laparoscopic Surgeries

May 13, 2020 updated by: Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, India

A Comparison of Midazolam Versus Dexamethasone-ondansetron in Preventing Postoperative Nausea-vomiting in High Risk Patients Undergoing Laparoscopic Surgeries

Postoperative nausea and vomiting(PONV) affects 11 to 60 % of patients undergoing surgery and is a major cause of postoperative morbidity. Risk factors include female gender, non smokers, postoperative use of opioids and a past history of PONV. The simplified Apfel risk score is used to identify patients at risk for PONV. PONV prophylaxis is provided intraoperatively to patients with 2 or more risk factors. In spite of numerous drugs available, control of PONV remains a difficult task. Midazolam is a commonly used drug perioperatively for its anxiolytic and sedative properties. It decreases analgesic requirement and has also been found to have an antiemetic effect. This present study is designed to compare the prophylactic use of iv midazolam with a commonly used combination of dexamethasone-ondansetron in high risk patients (as defined by the modified Apfel score) undergoing laparoscopic surgeries.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

After Institutional Ethical Committee approval and written informed consent, 120 adult patients will be recruited for the study if they satisfy the inclusion and exclusion criteria as mentioned later. Consent will be obtained from the patients themselves. Standard protocol for administration of anaesthesia will be followed in all patients which is briefly described. All patients will receive general anaesthesia and will be induced with Propofol titrated to effect. Intraoperatively, isoflurane will be used as maintenance agent and vecuronium or atracurium as non depolarizing muscle relaxant. For analgesia, patients will receive intraoperative fentanyl.

For the purpose of the study, patients will be randomized into two groups depending upon a computer generated randomized sheet. Group A will receive 8mg of dexamethasone i.v. after anaesthesia induction and 4 mg of ondansetron i.v. 30 minutes prior to the end of surgery. Patients in Group B will be administered 2 mg of midazolam i.v. 30 minutes prior to the end of surgery. Time to achieve Post anaesthesia discharge score( PADSS) of ≥9 will be noted. Patients will be asked to report any incidence of nausea, retching or vomiting for the first 24 hours after surgery. The incidence of PONV and the amount of rescue antiemetic received will be noted at 2 hours and at 24 hours postoperatively. PONV will be scored based on the PONV Impact Scale score questionnaire (mentioned in the proforma)12. Rescue antiemetics will be administered in case the patient complains of PONV in accordance with American society of anesthesiologists (ASA) guidelines. The first line of rescue in Group A will be 10 mg of iv metaclopromide. Antihistaminics will be the second line of rescue antiemetic. In group B the first line of antiemetic will be 4 mg of ondansetron i.v. 10 mg of iv metaclopromide will be second line of rescue drug.

Study period : It is estimated that the study will be completed within one year Sample size Assuming a reduction in 45 % in the incidence of PONV, with α error of 0.05 and β of 0.02, we would require 60 patients in each group i.e. a total of 120 patients.13 Intervention: For administration of PONV prophylaxis, patients will be randomized into two groups depending upon a computer generated randomized sheet. Group A will receive 8mg of dexamethasone i.v. after anaesthesia induction and 4 mg of ondansetron i.v. 30 minutes prior to the end of surgery. Patients in Group B will be administered 2 mg of midazolam i.v. 30 minutes prior to the end of surgery.

Monitoring and assessment: Patients will be monitored 24 hours post operatively. Any complaints of nausea and/vomiting will be noted and rescue antiemetic will be administered as per the guidelines

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
120

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • India
    • Delhi
      • New Delhi, Delhi, India, 110070
        • Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

14 years to 61 years (Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Patients more than 18 years of age
  • Patients belonging to ASA-PS (American society of anesthesiologists Physical status) 1 or 2
  • Patients with 2 or more risk factors for developing PONV undergoing laparoscopic surgeries

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Anticipated difficult airway
  • Obesity (body mass index >30 kg.m2),
  • Pregnancy
  • Patients with ASA - PS more than 2
  • Consumption of an agent with anti-emetic properties within 24 h prior to commencement of the study.
  • Known hypersensitivity to midazolam, ondansetron or dexamethasone
  • Patients not giving consent.
  • Patients with psychiatric illness or mental retardation

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Prevention
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
  • Masking: Single

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Active Comparator: Group A
Dexamethasone-ondansetron
Drug: Dexamethasone, ondansetron
8mg of dexamethasone i.v. after anaesthesia induction and 4 mg of ondansetron i.v. 30 minutes prior to the end of surgery.
Experimental: Group B
Midazolam
Drug: Normal saline, Midazolam
2 cc normal saline i.v. after anaesthesia induction.2 mg of injection midazolam intravenous 30 minutes prior to the end of surgery

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Postoperative nausea vomiting
Time Frame: 24 hours
the incidence of postoperative nausea and/or vomiting within first 24 hours postoperatively
24 hours

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Rescue antiemetic
Time Frame: 24 hours
The amount of antiemetic used within the first 24 hours.
24 hours
Time to achieve PADSS>9
Time Frame: 1 hour
Time taken to achieve a Post anaesthesia discharge score of ≥9
1 hour
Incidence of PON, POV, PONV at 2 hours and PON and POV at 24
Time Frame: 24 hours
24 hours

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences, India

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Principal Investigator: Kelika Prakash, DM, Institute of Liver and Biliary Sciences

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
May 1, 2018

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
November 15, 2019

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
November 15, 2019

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
June 2, 2018

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
July 26, 2018

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
July 27, 2018

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
May 15, 2020

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
May 13, 2020

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
May 1, 2020

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • PONV prophylaxis

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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