CVD 38000: Study of Responses to Vaccination With Typhoid and/or Cholera

June 18, 2025 updated by: Bruce Greenwald, University of Maryland, Baltimore

CVD 38000: Immunity, Microbiome, Epigenetics, and a Systems Biology Approach to the Study of Responses to Vaccination With Typhoid and/or Cholera

This is an open-label, non-randomized study. The purpose of this study is to better understand how vaccines against typhoid fever and cholera affect the normal immune system and bacteria in the intestine. Patients having standard-of-care endoscopies (colonoscopy and/or esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD)) will be divided into 3 groups:

Group 1: Vivotif typhoid vaccination and/or Vaxchora cholera vaccination then endoscopy Group 2: Endoscopy, then Vivotif typhoid vaccination and/or Vaxchora cholera vaccination, then follow-up endoscopy Group 3: Endoscopy without vaccination.

Both vaccines used in this study are licensed by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for travelers to developing countries. Volunteers will be asked to donate tissue, blood, saliva and stool samples for studying how the body responds to the typhoid and/or cholera vaccine.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Recruiting

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
240

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Phase 4

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact

The name and contact information for the person who can answer enrollment questions for a clinical study. Each location where the study is being conducted may also have a specific contact, who may be better able to answer those questions.

Study Locations

  • United States
    • Maryland
      • Baltimore, Maryland, United States, 21201
        • Recruiting
        • University of Maryland, Baltimore, Center for Vaccine Development and Global Health
        • Contact:

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • 1. Age 18 years and older
  • 2. Already scheduled to undergo an EGD or colonoscopy for screening, surveillance, or a medically-indicated work-up at the University of Maryland Medical Center (main campus or Midtown)
  • 3. Able to provide written informed consent prior to initiation of any study procedures
  • 4. Healthy, as defined by considered fit to undergo outpatient elective EGD/colonoscopy by the evaluating health care provider

Exclusion Criteria:

  • 1. Pregnancy or nursing mother
  • 2. Known coagulopathy or bleeding disorder preventing mucosal biopsy
  • 3. History of Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis
  • 4. For Subjects undergoing lower endoscopy (colonoscopy) only: Surgical removal of the ileocecal valve or any part of the small or large intestine (non-complicated appendectomy will be considered eligible)
  • 5. Allergic reaction to oral typhoid or cholera vaccine in the past

  • 6. Immunosuppression from illness or treatment, including

    1. immune-deficiency disorders such as Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) or Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS)
    2. leukemia, lymphoma, or cancers (localized non-melanoma skin cancers which are deemed inactive should be considered eligible)
  • 7. Receipt of any other vaccine two weeks prior to receipt of Ty21a or CVD 103-HgR
  • 8. Positive urine pregnancy test (HCG) prior to colonoscopy or vaccination

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Basic Science
  • Allocation: Non-Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: Vaccination, Endoscopy
Individuals receive immunization with Vivotif typhoid vaccine and/or Vaxchora cholera vaccine prior to routine endoscopic examination. During endoscopy, small bowel biopsies will be obtained to examine immune responses and microbiota at the mucosal level; brushings might also be obtained.
Drug: Vivotif Typhoid Oral Vaccine
The 4 doses (1 capsule each) will be administered on alternate days, e.g., days 0, 2, 4, and 7 (± 1 day) under the supervision of the study coordinator(s).
Other Names:
  • Ty21a Typhoid Oral Vaccine
Drug: Vaxchora
One dose. Approximately 100 mL of cool or room temperature purified bottled water is placed into a clean disposable cup. The contents of the buffer sachet are added to the water and stirred. Then the contents of the active (lyophilized vaccine) sachet are added to the water and stirred for approximately 30 seconds. The reconstituted mixture should be completely ingested within 15 minutes.
Other Names:
  • CVD 103-HgR
Experimental: Endoscopy, Vaccination, Endoscopy
Individuals receive immunization with Vivotif typhoid vaccine and/or Vaxchora cholera vaccine after initial endoscopic exam and specimen collection and prior to a routine follow up endoscopic examination during which additional specimens will be collected.
Drug: Vivotif Typhoid Oral Vaccine
The 4 doses (1 capsule each) will be administered on alternate days, e.g., days 0, 2, 4, and 7 (± 1 day) under the supervision of the study coordinator(s).
Other Names:
  • Ty21a Typhoid Oral Vaccine
Drug: Vaxchora
One dose. Approximately 100 mL of cool or room temperature purified bottled water is placed into a clean disposable cup. The contents of the buffer sachet are added to the water and stirred. Then the contents of the active (lyophilized vaccine) sachet are added to the water and stirred for approximately 30 seconds. The reconstituted mixture should be completely ingested within 15 minutes.
Other Names:
  • CVD 103-HgR
No Intervention: Endoscopy Without Vaccination
Individuals do not receive immunization but consent to collection of specimens during endoscopy. The specimens to be collected in all three groups include stool, saliva, and small bowel biopsies (terminal ileum if colonoscopy performed, duodenum if EGD performed).

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Percentage of Responders
Time Frame: approximately 5 years
Percentage of responders by cytokine production (Interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) or Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α)) by mass cytometry or flow cytometry. Responders will be defined as those volunteers showing increases post-immunization of >0.1% of positive CD8+ cells for IFN-gamma or TNF-α over baseline (pre-immunization) values.) or Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α)) by mass cytometry or flow cytometry.
approximately 5 years

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
University of Maryland, Baltimore

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
November 5, 2018

Primary Completion (Estimated)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
May 31, 2029

Study Completion (Estimated)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
May 31, 2029

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
October 4, 2018

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
October 10, 2018

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
October 15, 2018

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
June 19, 2025

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
June 18, 2025

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
June 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • HP-00081568

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

Yes

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.

Yes

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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