Effects of Milk Powder Intervention on Blood Glucose Control and Fluctuation in Middle-aged and Elderly People With Pre-diabetes

March 31, 2025 updated by: Huilian Zhu

Effects of Daily Supplementation With Milk Powder on Blood Glucose Control and Fluctuation in Middle-aged and Older Adults: A Randomized Control Trial

This study aims to conduct a 8-week intervention involving one formula milk powder for middle-aged and elderly individuals with pre-diabetes, assessing its impact on blood glucose control and fluctuations in comparison to interventions using regular milk powder.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Not yet recruiting

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
110

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult
  • Older Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  1. Age between 40 and 75 years, regardless of gender.
  2. Impaired fasting glucose (5.6 mmol/L ≤ FPG < 6.9 mmol/L) or glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) between 5.7-6.4% (39-47 mmol/mol).
  3. Resided in Guangzhou for the past six months and no plans to relocate or travel outside the city in the next month.
  4. Signed informed consent form and voluntarily agreed to participate in the project.

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Patients with a confirmed diagnosis of diabetes who are currently taking glucose-lowering medications (e.g., insulin, GLP-1 receptor agonists, or SGLT2 inhibitors).
  2. Individuals with lactose intolerance or dairy product intolerance.
  3. Pregnant, planning to become pregnant within the next three months, or currently breastfeeding.
  4. Weight change > 5% in the past three months or plans to lose weight or change dietary habits.
  5. Alcohol consumption > 40g/day.
  6. Individuals with communication barriers, cognitive impairments, or other conditions that may prevent them from completing the study procedures.
  7. Severe diseases that may affect participation in the study, including but not limited to endocrine disorders, severe cardiovascular or cerebrovascular diseases, cancer, metabolic diseases, etc.
  8. Participation in or current involvement in other clinical trials within the past three months.
  9. No use of antibiotic medications within the past three months.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Basic Science
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Triple

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Placebo Comparator: regular milk powder group
Regular milk powder does not contain and additional supplementation, and the color, flavor, shape, taste, and weight are same with the formula milk powder.
Dietary supplement: regular milk powder group
Regular milk powder does not contain and additional supplementation, and the color, flavor, shape, taste, and weight are same with the formula milk powder.
Experimental: fortified formula milk powder group
Fortified formula milk powder is supplemented with fiber, bitter gourd powder,mulberry leaves extract, whitekidney beans extract, and probiotics, and packaged in 25-gram sachets. The milk powder is consumed orally, two sachets per day for a duration of 8 weeks.
Dietary supplement: fortified formula milk powder group
Fortified formula milk powder is supplemented with fiber, bitter gourd powder,mulberry leaves extract, whitekidney beans extract, and probiotics, and packaged in 25-gram sachets. The milk powder is consumed orally, two sachets per day for a duration of 8 weeks.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
fasting blood glucose
Time Frame: up to 8 weeks
At baseline, and 8 weeks, investigators will use automatic electrochemiluminescence analyzer to examine fasting blood glucose.
up to 8 weeks
2h-piAUC after standardized breakfast
Time Frame: up to 8 weeks
the positive increment of area under curve in 2 hours after standardized breakfast standardized breakfast, measured by continuous glucose monitoring at baseline, and 8 weeks.
up to 8 weeks
TIR (time in range)
Time Frame: up to 8 weeks
TIR refers to the time when blood glucose is controlled within a reasonable ( target ) range (3.9~10.0 mmol/L), measured by continuous glucose monitoring at baseline and 8 weeks.
up to 8 weeks

Secondary Outcome Measures

Secondary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, a planned outcome measure that is not as important as the primary outcome measure for evaluating the effect of an intervention but is still of interest. Most clinical studies have more than one secondary outcome measure.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
HbA1c
Time Frame: up to 8 weeks
At baseline, and 8 weeks, investigators will use automatic electrochemiluminescence analyzer to examine HbA1c.
up to 8 weeks
weight
Time Frame: up to 8 weeks
At baseline, and 8 weeks, investigators will examine weight.
up to 8 weeks
intestinal bacteria
Time Frame: up to 8 weeks
At baseline, and 8 weeks, investigators will use 16S rRNA pyrosequencing to examine intestinal bacteria.
up to 8 weeks
lipid metabolism
Time Frame: up to 8 weeks
At baseline, and 8 weeks, investigators will use automatic electrochemiluminescence analyzer to examine total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein, high density lipoprotein, triglyceride.
up to 8 weeks
sleep quality
Time Frame: up to 8 weeks
At baseline, and 8 weeks, investigators will use the Pittsburgh sleep quality index scale to examine sleep quality.
up to 8 weeks
blood pressure
Time Frame: up to 8 weeks
At baseline, and 8 weeks, investigators will test the systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure using automatic digital blood pressure monitor
up to 8 weeks
Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) Data
Time Frame: up to 8 weeks
At baseline, and 8 weeks, investigators will using Continuous Glucose Monitoring (CGM) to monitor the glucose level of participants
up to 8 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Huilian Zhu

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Estimated)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
April 10, 2025

Primary Completion (Estimated)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
December 20, 2025

Study Completion (Estimated)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
March 30, 2026

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
March 3, 2025

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
March 3, 2025

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
March 7, 2025

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
April 3, 2025

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
March 31, 2025

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
March 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • MN-2024-07

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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