EFFECTS OF TRAINING WITH STROBOSCOPIC GLASSES ON ATHLETIC PERFORMANCE IN VOLLEYBALL PLAYERS

December 19, 2025 updated by: Baskent University
This study was conducted to investigate the effects of training with stroboscopic glasses on athletic performance in volleyball players. 54 male volleyball players participated in the study. Individuals were randomly divided into two groups as experimental group (n=27) and control group (n=27). Passing, reception and blocking exercises were performed paired with stroboscopic glasses in the experimental group and without glasses in the control group for 6 weeks. Measurements were made twice, before the exercise program and at the end of the 6-week exercise program. Reaction time was evaluated with the Human Benchmark test, agility with T agility test, anaerobic power with vertical jump, balance with Flamingo balance test, coordination with Hexagonal coordination test.

Study Overview

Status

Status

Indicates the current recruitment status or the expanded access status.
Completed

Conditions

Conditions

The disease, disorder, syndrome, illness, or injury that is being studied. On ClinicalTrials.gov, conditions may also include other health-related issues, such as lifespan, quality of life, and health risks.

Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.

Detailed Description

In the study, individuals were evaluated face to face at the Turkish Volleyball Federation Beştepe Volleyball Hall. The evaluations lasted 30 minutes for each individual. After the sociodemographic information of the individuals in our study was recorded, individuals were divided into two groups as the experimental group and the control group using a computer numbering system. Necessary information and explanations were provided to individuals in the experimental group with Senaptec brand stroboscopic glasses (Beaverton, Oregon USA) before the application. Passing, reception and blocking training was performed with glasses in the stroboscopic glasses group. Training was performed without stroboscopic glasses in the control group. It was performed after the players' warm-up exercises for 3 sessions per week for 6 weeks. Since there was one stroboscopic glass, the evaluations were planned for 2 days, lasting 30 minutes for each individual. Reaction time, agility and anaerobic power were performed on the first day, and coordination and balance were performed on the second day. The evaluations were performed after the warm-up exercises. The evaluations were performed twice, before the training program and at the end of 6 weeks.

Study Type

Study Type

Describes the nature of a clinical study. Study types include interventional studies (also called clinical trials), observational studies (including patient registries), and expanded access.
Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

Enrollment

The number of participants in a clinical study. The "anticipated" enrollment is the target number of participants that the researchers need for the study.
54

Phase

Phase

The stage of a clinical trial studying a drug or biological product, based on definitions developed by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA). The phase is based on the study's objective, the number of participants, and other characteristics. There are five phases: Early Phase 1 (formerly listed as Phase 0), Phase 1, Phase 2, Phase 3, and Phase 4. Not Applicable is used to describe trials without FDA-defined phases, including trials of devices or behavioral interventions.
  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

The key requirements that people who want to participate in a clinical study must meet or the characteristics they must have. Eligibility criteria consist of both inclusion criteria (which are required for a person to participate in the study) and exclusion criteria (which prevent a person from participating). Types of eligibility criteria include whether a study accepts healthy volunteers, has age or age group requirements, or is limited by sex.

Ages Eligible for Study

  • Adult

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Male individuals between the ages of 18-35
  • Being a professional volleyball player
  • Not having undergone surgery in the last 6 months
  • Not having any chronic, systemic or neuromuscular disease
  • Not having any visual, cognitive or vestibular disorders

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Individuals under the age of 18 and over the age of 35
  • Female individuals
  • Sedentary individuals
  • Having visual, cognitive or vestibular disorders
  • Having any chronic, systemic neuromuscular diseases

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Prevention
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Participant Group / Arm

A group or subgroup of participants in a clinical trial that receives a specific intervention/treatment, or no intervention, according to the trial's protocol.
Intervention / Treatment

Intervention / Treatment

A process or action that is the focus of a clinical study. Interventions include drugs, medical devices, procedures, vaccines, and other products that are either investigational or already available. Interventions can also include noninvasive approaches, such as education or modifying diet and exercise.
Experimental: stroboscopic glasses group
27 volleyball players were evaluated at three times: pre-exercise, after 6 weeks and after 10 weeks regard to reaction time, agility, anaerobic performance, balance and coordination. Experimental group used stroboscopic glasses when doing exercise. Exercise program consisted lunge, jumping and balance exercises. Each exercise consisted 12 repetitions and 3 sets. Stroboscopic glasses were adjusted to 100 ms on/150 ms off flash level 3. This frequency are always preferred scientific research about stroboscopic visual training.
Device: stroboscopic visual training
27 volleyball players were evaluated two times: pre-exercise and after 6 weeks. Reaction time, agility, anaerobic performance, balance and coordination were measured regard to athletic performance. Athletes using stroboscopic glasses perform exercise program. Exercise program consisted of lunge, balance and jumping exercises. Each exercise consisted of 12 repetitions and 3 sets. Stroboscopic glasses were adjusted to 100 ms on/150 ms off flash level 3. This frequency is always preferred in scientific research.
No Intervention: Control group
27 volleyball players only exercised

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Primary Outcome Measures

In a clinical study's protocol, the planned outcome measure that is the most important for evaluating the effect of an intervention/treatment. Most clinical studies have one primary outcome measure, but some have more than one.
Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Reaction time
Time Frame: 6 weeks
Human Benchmark Test
6 weeks
Agility
Time Frame: 6 weeks
T Agility Test
6 weeks
Anaerobic Performance
Time Frame: 6 weeks
Vertical Jumping
6 weeks
Balance
Time Frame: 6 weeks
Flamingo Balance Test
6 weeks
Coordination
Time Frame: 6 weeks
Hexagonal Coordination Test
6 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Sponsor

The organization or person who initiates the study and who has authority and control over the study.
Baskent University

Investigators

Investigators

A researcher involved in a clinical study. Related terms include site principal investigator, site sub-investigator, study chair, study director, and study principal investigator.
  • Study Director: Nihan Özünlü PEKYAVAŞ, PROFESSOR, Baskent University

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

Study Start

The actual date on which the first participant was enrolled in a clinical study. The "anticipated" study start date is the date that the researchers think will be the study start date.
March 12, 2025

Primary Completion (Actual)

Primary Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention to collect final data for the primary outcome measure. Whether the clinical study ended according to the protocol or was terminated does not affect this date. For clinical studies with more than one primary outcome measure with different completion dates, this term refers to the date on which data collection is completed for all the primary outcome measures. The "anticipated" primary completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the primary completion date for the study.
May 11, 2025

Study Completion (Actual)

Study Completion

The date on which the last participant in a clinical study was examined or received an intervention/treatment to collect final data for the primary outcome measures, secondary outcome measures, and adverse events (that is, the last participant's last visit). The "anticipated" study completion date is the date that the researchers think will be the study completion date.
May 24, 2025

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

First Submitted

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submitted a study record to ClinicalTrials.gov. There is typically a delay of a few days between the first submitted date and the record's availability on ClinicalTrials.gov (the first posted date).
November 19, 2025

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The date on which the study sponsor or investigator first submits a study record that is consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. The sponsor or investigator may need to revise and submit a study record one or more times before NLM's QC review criteria are met. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
December 19, 2025

First Posted (Actual)

First Posted

The date on which the study record was first available on ClinicalTrials.gov after National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review has concluded. There is typically a delay of a few days between the date the study sponsor or investigator submitted the study record and the first posted date.
December 29, 2025

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

Last Update Posted

The most recent date on which changes to a study record were made available on ClinicalTrials.gov. There may be a delay between when the changes were submitted to ClinicalTrials.gov by the study's sponsor or investigator (the last update submitted date) and the last update posted date.
December 29, 2025

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator submitted changes to a study record that are consistent with National Library of Medicine (NLM) quality control (QC) review criteria. It is the responsibility of the sponsor or investigator to ensure that the study record is consistent with the NLM QC review criteria.
December 19, 2025

Last Verified

Last Verified

The most recent date on which the study sponsor or investigator confirmed the information about a clinical study on ClinicalTrials.gov as accurate and current. If a study with a recruitment status of recruiting; not yet recruiting; or active, not recruiting has not been confirmed within the past 2 years, the study's recruitment status is shown as unknown.
December 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Other Study ID Numbers

Other Study ID Numbers

Identifiers or ID numbers other than the NCT number that are assigned to a clinical study by the study's sponsor, funders, or others. These numbers may include unique identifiers from other trial registries and National Institutes of Health grant numbers.
  • KA25/182

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

IPD Plan Description

Research evaluated individual athletic performance. Volleyball team manager did not want to share individual performance data.

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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