Effectiveness of the Nicotine Patch in Suppressing Nicotine Withdrawal Symptoms in Women Versus Men - 1

January 11, 2017 updated by: National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)

Effects of Nicotine Patch in Men and Women

Women typically have a more difficult time quitting smoking than men. Little research has been done to understand the differences between men and women that may cause this distinction. This study will assess whether the reduced effectiveness of nicotine replacement therapy in women is caused by gender differences in the withdrawal suppression induced by nicotine replacement therapy.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

Smoking can cause a variety of cancers, cardiovascular disorders, and other health problems. Quitting smoking greatly decreases one's risk for these problems. Studies have shown, however, that quitting smoking is more difficult for women than men. Despite that knowledge, little research has been done to try to understand the mechanistic differences between men and women that may cause this distinction. This study will assess whether the reduced effectiveness of nicotine replacement therapy in women is caused by physical and psychological gender differences in the withdrawal suppression induced by nicotine replacement therapy.

Participants in this double-blind study will attend 4 treatment sessions, each approximately 6.5 hours long and each corresponding to one of four transdermal nicotine replacement patch doses (0, 7, 21, or 42 mg). Sessions will be separated by at least 48 hours to avoid carryover effects. Immediately following arrival at each session, participants' expired air carbon monoxide (CO) levels will be measured to verify that the participant has not smoked for at least 8 hours prior to the visit. If the CO level meets the necessary criteria to proceed, a baseline blood sample will be obtained, followed by additional blood samples every 30 minutes. Baseline nicotine withdrawal levels will be assessed using questionnaires. Computerized recordings of physiological responses will also commence and will continue throughout the session. These response measures will include heart rate, percent oxygen saturation, skin temperature, systolic and diastolic blood pressure, and mean arterial pressure. Upon completion of baseline measures, participants will receive a randomly assigned dose of nicotine replacement therapy, in the form of three patches placed on the participants' back. The patches will be removed after 6 hours and the participant will be assessed for any residual effects from the medication.

Study Type

Interventional

Phase

  • Phase 2

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • United States
    • Virginia
      • Richmond, Virginia, United States
        • University

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

18 years to 55 years (Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Smokes at least 15 cigarettes a day for at least 2 years prior to enrollment
  • Has an afternoon carbon monoxide level of at least 15 ppm
  • Agree to use an effective form of contraception for the duration of the study

Exclusion Criteria:

  • History of chronic health problems
  • History of psychiatric conditions
  • History of or active cardiovascular disease
  • History of or active high or low blood pressure
  • History of or active seizure condition
  • History of or active peptic ulcers
  • History of or active diabetes
  • Pregnant
  • Score of greater than 17 on the Beck Depression Inventory

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Crossover Assignment
  • Masking: Double

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Physiological measures
Tobacco withdrawal
Behavioral accuracy

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA)

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: Thomas Eissenberg, Ph.D., Virginia Commonwealth University

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Completion

April 1, 2005

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

September 16, 2005

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

September 16, 2005

First Posted (Estimate)

September 22, 2005

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Estimate)

January 12, 2017

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

January 11, 2017

Last Verified

October 1, 2016

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • NIDA-11082-1
  • DPMC (Other Identifier: NIDA)
  • R01-11082-1

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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