A Study to Evaluate the Pharmacokinetics, Safety, Tolerability, and Antiviral Activity of Rilpivirine (TMC278) in Human Immunodeficiency Virus Infected Adolescents and Children Aged Greater Than or Equal to 6 Years

A Phase II, Open Label, Single Arm Trial to Evaluate the Pharmacokinetics,Safety, Tolerability, and Antiviral Activity of Rilpivirine (TMC278) in Antiretroviral Naive HIV-1 Infected Adolescents and Children Aged >= 6 to <18 Years

The purpose of this study is to evaluate the pharmacokinetics, safety and antiviral activity of rilpivirine (TMC278) 25 milligram (mg) or adjusted dose once daily in combination with an investigator-selected background regimen containing 2 nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (N[t]RTIs) (zidovudine [AZT], abacavir [ABC], or tenofovir disoproxil fumarate [TDF] in combination with lamivudine [3TC] or emtricitabine [FTC] in antiretroviral (ARV) treatment-naïve adolescents and children aged greater than or equal to (>=) 6 to less than (<) 18 years.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: HIV-1
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: Rilpivirine; Drug: Zidovudine; Drug: Abacavir; Drug: Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate; Drug: Lamivudine; Drug: Emtricitabine

Detailed Description

This is a Phase II, open-label (all people involved know the identity of the assigned drug) and single arm study. The study will consist of a screening period of maximum 8 weeks, an initial treatment period of 48 weeks, a post week 48 treatment extension period of 4 years (Cohort 1 only), and a 4 week follow-up (cohort 2 only) period. Participants who withdraw from the trial on or before the Week 48 visit or subjects with ongoing (serious) adverse events ([S]AEs), laboratory abnormalities, or viral load increase at the last on-treatment visit in the extension, will be seen for a follow-up visit 4 weeks later. The initial 48-week treatment period will be structured into 2 age Cohorts; Cohort 1 (Aged greater than or equal to [>=] 12 to less than [<] 18 years) and Cohort 2 (Children Aged >= 6 to < 12 years). The trial is designed to evaluate the steady-state pharmacokinetic (PK) profile (based on intensive PK analysis) and the short-term safety and antiviral activity of rilpivirine (RPV). Participants will receive RPV 25 milligram (mg), or weight-adjusted dose orally once daily for 240 weeks when administered in combination with 2 nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs). The trial will also evaluate long-term (48 weeks and 240 weeks [Cohort 1]) safety, efficacy, and pharmacokinetics of rilpivirine in combination with the background regimen of 2 NRTIs. Patients safety will be monitored throughout the study and during the follow up visits.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 54
• Phase: Phase 2

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• India
  • Chennai, India
  • Mangalore, India
• Kenya
  • Nairobi, Kenya
• Romania
  • Bucuresti, Romania
• South Africa
  • Bloemfontein, South Africa
  • Dundee, South Africa
  • Middelburg, South Africa
  • Pretoria, South Africa
  • Thabazimbi, South Africa
  • Vosloorus, South Africa
• Thailand
  • Bangkok, Thailand
  • Nonthaburi, Thailand
• Uganda
  • Entebbe, Uganda
  • Kampala, Uganda
• Ukraine
  • Kiev, Ukraine
• United States
  • New York
    • Syracuse, New York, United States
  • Tennessee
    • Memphis, Tennessee, United States

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 6 years to 17 years (Child)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Has documented human immuno deficiency virus (HIV-1) infection
• Patients who meet the following criteria; a) Cohort 1: Patients Aged greater than or equal to (>=) 12 to less than (<) 18 years, weight is >= 32 kilogram (kg), b) Cohort 2; Aged >= 6 to < 12 years, weight is >= 17 kg
• Must have HIV-1 plasma viral load at screening greater than equal to 500 HIV-1 ribonucleic acid (RNA) copies/mL
• Have not received treatment with a therapeutic HIV vaccine or an HIV drug with the exception of a single dose of nevirapine (NVP) (Cohort 1 and Cohort 2) or up to 6 weeks of zidovudine (AZT) use (Cohort 2 only) prior to screening to prevent mother-to-child transmission (MTCT)
• In the judgment of the investigator, it is appropriate to initiate antiretroviral therapy (ARV) therapy based on a patient's medical condition and taking into account guidelines for the treatment of HIV-1 infection in children of this age group

Exclusion Criteria:

• Any previous use of ARVs with the exception of single dose NVP (Cohort 1 and Cohort 2) or up to 6 weeks of AZT (Cohort 2 only) to prevent MTCT
• Plasma viral load at screening greater than 100,000 HIV-1 RNA copies/mL
• Documented genotypic evidence of non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI) resistance at screening or from historical data available in the source documents
• Use of disallowed concomitant therapy from 4 weeks prior to the baseline visit
• Patient has any currently active Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) defining illness
• Patient has active tuberculosis and/or is being treated for tuberculosis at screening
• Personal history of cardiac disease (including congenital heart disease), or symptomatic arrhythmias, with the exception of sinus arrhythmia; personal history of asymptomatic arrhythmias is excluded if the asymptomatic arrhythmia is clinically significant in the opinion of the investigator

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: N/A
• Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

1

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Intervention / Treatment

Experimental: Rilpivirine (TMC278); The patients received rilpivirine with 2 nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) as a background regimen in cohort 1 [aged greater than or equal to (> =) 12 to less than (<) 18 years] for up to 240 weeks which is already completed and recruitment closed and will receive this treatment in cohort 2 (children aged > = 6 to < 12 years) for up to 48 weeks. The NRTIs include zidovudine, abacavir, or tenofovir disoproxil fumarate in combination with lamivudine or emtricitabine.

Drug: Rilpivirine; Patients will receive rilpivirine (RPV) tablet 25 milligram dose or an adjusted dose orally once daily in Cohort 1 (adolescents aged >=12 to <18 years) up to 240 weeks. Patients will receive RPV weight-adjusted dose orally once daily in Cohort 2 (children aged >=6 to <12 years) or 25 mg once daily for up to 48 weeks.; Drug: Zidovudine; Type=exact, form= appropriate pediatric formulation, unit=mg, route=oral. The patients may receive this selected NRTI together with another NRTI once daily for up to 48 weeks (Cohort 2) and 240 weeks (Cohort 1).; Drug: Abacavir; Type=exact, form=appropriate pediatric formulation, unit=mg, route=oral. The patients may receive this selected NRTI together with another NRTI once daily for up to 48 weeks (Cohort 2) and 240 weeks (Cohort 1).; Drug: Tenofovir disoproxil fumarate; Type=exact, form=appropriate pediatric formulation, unit=mg, route=oral. The patients may receive this selected NRTI together with another NRTI once daily for 240 weeks (Cohort 1).; Drug: Lamivudine; Type=exact, form=appropriate pediatric formulation, unit=mg, route=oral. The patients may receive this selected NRTI together with another NRTI once daily for up to 48 weeks (Cohort 2) and 240 weeks (Cohort 1).; Drug: Emtricitabine; Type=exact, form=appropriate pediatric formulation, unit=mg, route=oral. The patients may receive this selected NRTI together with another NRTI once daily for up to 48 weeks (Cohort 2) and 240 weeks (Cohort 1).

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Pharmacokinetics (PK) of Rilpivirine (TMC278) as Measured by Maximum Plasma Concentration (Cmax)		Up to 48 weeks
Pharmacokinetics of Rilpivirine as Measured by Area Under the Plasma Concentration Curve (AUC24)	AUC24 is defined area under the plasma concentration time curve from 0 to 24 hours post dosing of rilpivirine.	Up to 48 weeks

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Number of Patients with Adverse Events	Safety measures include adverse events, vital signs, physical examination, hematology, biochemistry and electrocardiogram.	Up to 244 weeks (Cohort 1 only) (including 4 week follow up visit)
Percentage of Participants With Plasma Human Immunodeficiency Virus - 1 (HIV-1) Ribonucleic Acid (RNA) level Less Than (<) 50 Copies/mL Defined by the Time to Loss of Virologic Response (TLOVR) Algorithm	Time to loss of virologic response algorithm (TLOVR) requires sustained HIV-1 RNA < 50 copies/mL; confirmed HIV-1 RNA more than or equal to (>=) 50 copies/mL is considered as non-response (rebound); participant is considered non-responder after permanent discontinuation.	Week 48 and Week 240 (Cohort 1 only)
Percentage of Participants with Plasma HIV-1 RNA < 50 Copies/mL by FDA Snapshot Approach	FDA Snapshot Approach is based on the last observed viral load data within the Week 48 window: virologic response is defined as HIV-1 RNA <50 copies/mL (observed case); missing HIV-1 RNA is considered as non-response.	Week 48 and Week 240 (Cohort 1 only)
Evolution of viral genotype and phenotype	Blood samples will be collected for the determination of HIV-1 genotype and phenotype by the Protocol Virologist based on plasma viral load.	Up to 48 Weeks and 240 Weeks (Cohort 1 only)
Treatment adherence as measured by the Study Adherence Questionnaire	This endpoint is measured by Study Adherence Questionnaire for children and teenagers. The adherence questionnaire should be completed by by the patient. Ths questionnaire includes questions about the medicine, it's color and dosage.	Up to 48 Weeks and 240 Weeks (Cohort 1 only)
Change in Cluster of Differentiation (CD4+) cells	Change in the CD4+ cells will evaluate immunologic changes at Week 48 and Week 240 of treatment with rilpivirine.	Week 48 and Week 240 (Cohort 1 only)

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Janssen Sciences Ireland UC
• Investigators: Study Director: Janssen Sciences Ireland UC Clinical Trial, Janssen Sciences Ireland UC

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Lombaard J, Ssali F, Thanyawee P, Fourie J, Vanveggel S, Linthicum C, Van Eygen V, Van Solingen-Ristea R. Phase 2 Open-Label Study of Long-Term Safety, Tolerability, and Antiviral Activity of Rilpivirine in Antiretroviral-Naive Adolescents Living with HIV-1. Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2022 Feb 15;66(2):e0091621. doi: 10.1128/AAC.00916-21. Epub 2021 Dec 6.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): January 7, 2011
• Primary Completion (Actual): August 16, 2022
• Study Completion (Actual): August 16, 2022

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: November 26, 2008
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 28, 2008
• First Posted (Estimated): December 1, 2008

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): August 16, 2023
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: August 14, 2023
• Last Verified: July 1, 2023

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: HIV-1; Children; Pediatric; HIV Infection; AIDS; Antiretroviral; Rilpivirine (TMC278)
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action; Anti-Infective Agents; Antiviral Agents; Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors; Enzyme Inhibitors; Anti-HIV Agents; Anti-Retroviral Agents; Antimetabolites; Tenofovir; Emtricitabine; Lamivudine; Zidovudine; Rilpivirine; Abacavir
• Other Study ID Numbers: CR002677; TMC278-TiDP38-C213 (Other Identifier: Janssen Sciences Ireland UC); 2008-001696-30 (EudraCT Number)

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No