Randomised Exposure Study of Pollution Indoors and Respiratory Effects (RESPIRE)

January 12, 2010 updated by: University of California, Berkeley

Particulate Air Pollution Exposure and Childhood Acute Respiratory Infections in Guatemala: A Randomized Intervention

The purpose of this study was to determine whether reduced exposure to indoor air pollution would reduce ALRI incidence in children <18 months of age. Households were randomized to receive a chimney stove (intervention group) or continue using an open fire for cooking and heating (control group).

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

Acute lower respiratory infections (ALRI) are the chief killer of children. Most cases are pneumonia and the majority occur among poor children under five years in developing countries. Poverty might be said to be the primary cause, which manifests as malnutrition, including micro-nutrient deficiencies, and lack of access to medical care. Another attribute of poverty is household indoor air pollution (HAP) from use of unprocessed solid fuels such as biomass (wood, animal dung and crop wastes) and coal in simple stoves. A meta-analysis of published observational studies found that young children exposed to smoke from household solid fuel use had a rate of ALRI twice that of children not exposed or where clean fuels were used. Recent studies have shown similar ALRI risks associated with short-term air pollution measurements and other indicators of exposure.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

537

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

No older than 1 year (Child)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

Yes

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

Households were invited to participate in the study if they met the following inclusion criteria:

  • Used only an open fire for cooking and heating
  • Had a pregnant woman or child < 4 months residing in the home
  • Identified as Mam (the regional ethnic group), and had
  • Minimal summer migration (less than 12 weeks per year)

Exclusion Criteria:

Households were excluded from participating if:

  • The household was already using a chimney stove for cooking
  • There was no child <4 months of age or a pregnant woman residing in the home
  • Seasonal migration required the family to move to another region for more than 12 weeks of the year

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Prevention
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: Single

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
No Intervention: Open fire
Households continuing to use an open fire for cooking and heating
Experimental: Chimney stove
Households randomized to receive a chimney stove (plancha) for cooking and heating
Device: Plancha
locally developed chimney stove

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Time Frame
The primary outcome measure was physician-diagnosed pneumonia in children
Time Frame: Through 18 months of age
Through 18 months of age

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Time Frame
Severe (hypoxaemic) and RSV pneumonia
Time Frame: Through 18 months of age
Through 18 months of age

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

University of California, Berkeley

Collaborators

World Health Organization
University of Liverpool
Universidad del Valle, Guatemala

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: Kirk R Smith, PhD, MPH, UC Berkeley

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start

October 1, 2002

Primary Completion (Actual)

December 1, 2004

Study Completion (Actual)

March 1, 2005

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

January 12, 2010

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

January 12, 2010

First Posted (Estimate)

January 13, 2010

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Estimate)

January 13, 2010

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

January 12, 2010

Last Verified

August 1, 2009

More Information

Terms related to this study

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • 2003-8-165
  • R01ES010178 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract)

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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