Novel Determinants and Measures of Smokeless Tobacco Use: Study 1

November 23, 2022 updated by: University of Minnesota

Toxicant Exposure Across Brands of Smokeless Tobacco

The extent of toxicity varies considerably across different brands of smokeless tobacco (ST) products and data suggest that greater toxicity may result in greater health risks. However, little is known about the actual extent of exposure to toxicants from current smokeless tobacco products and factors that might moderate the extent of this exposure. The goals of this project are to address the following questions:

  1. What are the characteristics of the range of smokeless tobacco products in current use and how do these products impact user behavior;
  2. What are novel and the best measures of smokeless tobacco use, behavior and exposure; and
  3. What are some of the determinants of smokeless tobacco use.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Detailed Description

Study 1 is a multi-site descriptive study assessing tobacco toxicants in various smokeless tobacco products and tobacco toxicant exposure found in 600 subjects in three sites: University of MN Twin Cities, Oregon Research Institute in Eugene OR, and at West Virginia University in Morgantown, WV (200 subjects per site). The study will examine the relationship between brands of U.S. smokeless tobacco products that contain different levels of tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs), other carcinogens and nicotine, and biomarkers of exposure and effects on health (e.g., cardiovascular risk factors). Additionally, the study will examine factors that influence the extent of toxicant exposure and effect besides the levels of toxicants in the product. Subjects will attend an orientation where they will sign a consent form and then return for one clinic visit where they will provide blood (UMN only), urine samples, buccal samples and expectorated chews to be examined for nicotine levels, toxicant exposure and potential for tobacco-related health risks. A subsample of subjects (10 per brand of smokeless tobacco) will be asked for a tin of their unused product for testing (they will be reimbursed for the cost of their tin) and will be asked for three samples of expectorated chews that will be collected, frozen and shipped to the CDC where they will be analyzed for tobacco constituents. Subjects will complete several questionnaires on their tobacco use history, alcohol, diet, physical and mental health. Subjects will also keep a daily diary of their tobacco and alcohol use.

Study Type

Observational

Enrollment (Actual)

359

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • United States
    • Minnesota
      • Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States, 55414
        • University of MN's Tobacco Use Research Center
    • Oregon
      • Eugene, Oregon, United States, 97403
        • Oregon Research Institute
    • West Virginia
      • Morgantown, West Virginia, United States, 26506
        • West Virginia University

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

14 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Sampling Method

Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

Smokeless tobacco users of 6 brands of tobacco

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  1. Using a consistent and daily amount of ST for the past year;
  2. In good physical health (no unstable medical condition);
  3. Stable, good mental health (e.g., no recent unstable or untreated psychiatric diagnosis, including substance abuse, as determined by the DSM-IV criteria).

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Subjects must not be currently using other tobacco or nicotine products.
  2. Female subjects cannot be pregnant or nursing.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Observational Models: Case-Only
  • Time Perspectives: Cross-Sectional

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Extent of Toxicity: Mean of Median Values of NNK+NNN in 7 Smokeless Tobacco Brands
Time Frame: Three "usual" dip sized samples were collected from subjects at baseline
Two important harmful constituents in smokeless tobacco products are NNN + NNK, µg/g This measure reports the tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNA), N'-nitrosonornicotine (NNN), and 4- (methylnitrosamino)-1-(3-pyridyl)-1-butanone (NNK) across 7 different smokeless tobacco brands.
Three "usual" dip sized samples were collected from subjects at baseline

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

University of Minnesota

Collaborators

National Cancer Institute (NCI)

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start

February 1, 2010

Primary Completion (Actual)

April 1, 2013

Study Completion (Actual)

April 1, 2013

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

February 10, 2010

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

February 10, 2010

First Posted (Estimate)

February 11, 2010

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Estimate)

December 22, 2022

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

November 23, 2022

Last Verified

November 1, 2022

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • 2009NTUC053
  • 1R01CA141531 (U.S. NIH Grant/Contract)

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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