Mechanical Bone Stimulation and Adenosine 5'-Triphosphate (ATP) Release in Humans

Pilot Study on the Effect of Mechanical Stimulation of Bone on ATP Release in Humans in Vivo

Rationale: Mechanical loading is well-known to have a strong anabolic effect on bone. It has therefore been proposed that a mechanical intervention could be an effective non-pharmacological approach to treat bone loss associated with conditions such as osteopenia and osteoporosis. Data from in vitro experiments indicate that the purine nucleotide adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) is released by bone cells and mediates cellular crosstalk via P2 purinergic receptors in response to mechanical stimulation. ATP release by bone cells may thus be part of a general mechanism by which mechanical loading ultimately results in increased bone formation, but this remains to be investigated in humans in vivo. The investigators hypothesize that a mechanical intervention in humans leads to a rise in systemic ATP concentrations due to ATP release from bone.

Objective: To investigate in vivo whether a measurable increase in systemic ATP levels occurs in response to mechanical stimulation of bone in humans.

Study design: Intervention study with a non-randomized, non-blinded design. All subjects will participate in a single experiment, lasting approximately 3 hours, during which the subjects will receive a mechanical intervention at a fixed dose.

Study population: Maximally 10 healthy human volunteers (18-35 y). Intervention: Subjects will receive a gentle and safe mechanical intervention, which will be administered by means of a Juvent 1000 Vibration Platform delivering low-magnitude mechanical stimuli (i.e. vibrations) to the forearm. The mechanical stimulation will be administered at a frequency of 90 Hz and amplitude of 10 µm in an intermittent fashion, i.e. three 10-minute periods of stimulation with 10-minute rest periods in between.

Main outcome parameters: As the primary outcome parameter, a change in extracellular ATP concentrations as a result of the mechanical intervention will be assessed systemically.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Osteoporosis
• Intervention / Treatment: Device: Juvent 1000 Vibration Platform

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Anticipated): 10
• Phase: Phase 2; Phase 1

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Netherlands
  • Maastricht, Netherlands, 6200 MD
    • Maastricht University Medical Center

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 35 years (Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Healthy human volunteers;
• Age 18-35 years;
• Cannulation of veins in forearm possible;
• Written informed consent.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Metabolic bone disease (osteoporosis, Paget's Disease, hyperparathyroidism, osteomalacia) or any other condition affecting bone metabolism (e.g. corticoid-treated rheumatoid arthritis);
• Recent bone fracture of any kind ≤ 12 months preceding the study;
• Blood donors.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Basic Science
• Allocation: Non-Randomized
• Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

1

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Intervention / Treatment

Experimental: Intervention group; As a mechanical intervention, we will use a vibration platform to administer mechanical stimulation to the forearm of subjects (see Figure 1). All subjects will participate in a single experiment during which they will receive the mechanical intervention a fixed dose of; the duration of an experiment is approximately three hours.

Device: Juvent 1000 Vibration Platform; As a mechanical intervention, mechanical stimulation in the form of vibration will be administered to the forearm using a Juvent 1000 Vibration Platform (Juvent Medical, Inc., Lakeland, FL, USA), which is a non-medicinal product. The device produces gentle, low-magnitude mechanical signals in the form of low-amplitude vertical displacements at a high frequency. The intervention in the present study will be given at a fixed dosage that is defined by the intensity of vibration: frequency: 90 Hz, amplitude: 10 µm (~3.0 g). The mechanical stimulation will be administered in an intermittent fashion, as it has been shown that inserting short rest periods between loading cycles enhances the efficacy of mechanical loading [38]. Thus, the mechanical stimulation will be administered for three times 10 minutes (i.e. the vibration platform turned on), with 10-minute rest periods in between (i.e. the vibration platform turned off); the intervention will have a total duration of 50 minutes.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Change in systemic ATP levels in response to mechanical stimulation	As the primary outcome parameter, ATP release from bone after a mechanical intervention will be investigated in humans in vivo by assessing a change in systemic concentrations of ATP and its metabolites in response to mechanical stimulation as an objective outcome measure. A change in levels of ATP (or its metabolites) is defined as the average of three concentrations after the intervention minus the average of three concentrations before the intervention (i.e. baseline).	Pre-post treatment comparison

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Maastricht University Medical Center
• Collaborators: University of Sheffield; Research Center for Ageing and Osteoporosis, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
• Investigators: Study Chair: PC Dagnelie, PhD, Maastricht University Medical Center, Department of Epidemiology; Principal Investigator: MJL Bours, PhD, Maastricht University Medical Center, Department of Epidemiology

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: October 1, 2010
• Primary Completion (Actual): December 1, 2010
• Study Completion (Actual): December 1, 2010

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: May 25, 2010
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: May 25, 2010
• First Posted (Estimate): May 26, 2010

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Estimate): April 20, 2011
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 19, 2011
• Last Verified: April 1, 2011

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Bone metabolism; ATP release; Mechanical stimulation; Vibration platform
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Metabolic Diseases; Musculoskeletal Diseases; Bone Diseases; Bone Diseases, Metabolic; Osteoporosis
• Other Study ID Numbers: MEC 10-3-026; ATPBone-WP7.2