Omacetaxine and Low Dose Cytarabine in Older Patients With Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML) and High-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS)

A Phase II Study of Omacetaxine (OM) and Low Dose Cytarabine (LDAC) in Older Patients With Acute Myelogenous Leukemia (AML) and High-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome (MDS)

The goal of this clinical research study is to learn if omacetaxine given with cytarabine can help to control the disease in patients with AML or high-risk MDS. The safety of the study drugs will also be studied.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Leukemia
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: Omacetaxine; Drug: Cytarabine

Detailed Description

Study Drugs:

Omacetaxine is designed to block certain proteins, which may cause cancer cells to die.

Cytarabine is designed to insert itself into DNA (the genetic material of cells) of cancer cells and stop the DNA from repairing itself.

Study Drug Administration:

If you are found to be eligible to take part in this study, you will receive omacetaxine and cytarabine as an injection under the skin. You will receive instructions on how to give these injections to yourself. You will be given a Research Medication Diary to record the drugs you take each day. You must bring the Research Medication Diary and any unused drugs with you to each study visit. You will also be told how to properly store the drugs.

On Days 1-3 of each cycle, you will give yourself an injection of omacetaxine every 12 hours (+/- 3 hours).

On Days 1-7 of each cycle, you will give yourself an injection of cytarabine every 12 hours (+/- 3 hours).

Each cycle will be 4-7 weeks, depending on how well the disease responds to the study drugs.

Depending on how the disease responds to the study drugs, the number of days you receive your injections may stay the same, increase, or decrease. Your doctor will discuss this with you.

Study Visits:

On Day 1 of each cycle, you will have a physical exam.

Women who are able to become pregnant must have a negative blood (about 1/2 teaspoon) or urine pregnancy test within 3 days before receiving the first dose of study drug.

Blood (about 1 tablespoon) will be drawn every week for routine tests. Once you have a response to treatment, blood will then be drawn every 2-4 weeks while you are receiving treatment. If your doctor thinks it is needed, you may have more blood samples drawn during Cycles 1 and 2.

On Day 21 of Cycle 1 (+/- 7 days), then every 4 weeks after that, you will have a bone marrow aspiration and/or biopsy to check the status of the disease. If the doctor thinks it is needed, these may be done more or less often, depending on your response to treatment.

Length of Study:

You may receive up to 24 cycles of treatment. You will be taken off study early if the disease gets worse or intolerable side effects occur.

Follow-up:

Once you stop taking the study drugs, you will have follow-up for 5 years.

Every 4-8 weeks, blood (about 1 tablespoon) will be drawn for routine tests. If you cannot return to the clinic, you may have blood drawn at a clinic close to your home.

Every 3-6 months, you will be contacted during a clinic visit and asked how you are doing. If you cannot make it to the clinic for this visit, you will be called. The phone call should last about 5 minutes.

This is an investigational study. Omacetaxine is FDA approved to treat patients with certain types of leukemia. Its use in this study is investigational. Cytarabine is FDA approved and commercially available for the treatment of AML. The use of these drugs in combination is investigational.

Up to 60 patients will take part in this study. All will be enrolled at M. D. Anderson.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 36
• Phase: Phase 2

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Texas
    • Houston, Texas, United States, 77030
      • University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 60 years and older (ADULT, OLDER_ADULT)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Previously untreated AML (>/= 20% blasts). Patients with high-risk (intermediate-2 or high by International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) or ≥10% blasts) MDS will also be eligible. Prior therapy with hydroxyurea, biological or targeted therapy (e.g. flt3 inhibitors, other kinase inhibitors, azacitidine), or hematopoietic growth factors is allowed. A single or a two day dose of cytarabine (up to 3 g/m2) for emergency use is also allowed as prior therapy.
2. Age >/= 60 years.
3. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status </= 2.
4. Adequate hepatic (serum total bilirubin </= 1.5 x ULN, serum glutamate pyruvate transaminase (SGPT) and/or serum glutamate oxaloacetate transaminase (SGOT) </= 2.5 x ULN) and renal function (creatinine </= 2.0 mg/dL).
5. Patients must be willing and able to review, understand, and provide written consent before starting therapy.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. New York Heart Association (NYHA) class III or IV heart disease, active ischemia or any other uncontrolled cardiac condition such as angina pectoris, clinically significant cardiac arrhythmia and requiring therapy, uncontrolled hypertension (blood pressure >/= 160 systolic and >/= 110 diastolic not responsive to antihypertensive medication), diabetes mellitus, or congestive heart failure.
2. Myocardial infarction in the previous 12 weeks (from the start of treatment).
3. Active and uncontrolled disease/infection as judged by the treating physician.
4. Pregnancy.
5. Acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL).
6. Women of childbearing potential and men who do not practice contraception. Non-childbearing is defined as >/= 1 year postmenopausal or surgically sterilized.
7. Women of childbearing potential and men must agree to use contraception prior to study entry and for the duration of study participation.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: TREATMENT
• Allocation: NA
• Interventional Model: SINGLE_GROUP
• Masking: NONE

Number of Arms

1

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
EXPERIMENTAL: Omacetaxine and Cytarabine; Omacetaxine 1.25 mg/m2 SQ every 12 hours x 3 days + Cytarabine 20 mg SQ x 7 days of 4-7 week cycle.	Drug: Omacetaxine; 1.25 mg/m2 subcutaneously (SQ) every 12 hours (+/- 3 hours) for 3 days (Days 1-3). Each cycle will be 4-7 weeks.; Drug: Cytarabine; 20 mg subcutaneously every 12 hours (+/- 3 hours) for 7 days (Days 1-7). Each cycle will be 4-7 weeks.; Other Names: Cytosar; Cytosine Arabinosine Hydrochloride; ARA-C; Depo-Cyt

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Percentage of Participants With Complete Remission (CR)	Complete response (CR) defined as: Peripheral blood counts, no circulating blasts, neutrophil count ≥ 1.0 ×109/L, platelet count ≥ 100 ×109/L, bone marrow aspirate and biopsy, ≤5% blasts, no detectable auer rods, no extramedulary leukemia	Up to 4 months

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Evaluation of CR Duration	The date of Complete Response to the date of loss of response or last follow-up.	Up to 5 years after completion of active treatment and while on study. Participants may receive up to 24 courses of study medication.
Disease-free Survival	Time from date of treatment start until the date of first objective documentation of disease-relapse.	Up to 5 years after completion of active treatment and while on study. Participants may receive up to 24 courses of study medication.
Overall Survival	Time from date of treatment start until date of death due to any cause	Up to 5 years after completion of active treatment and while on study. Participants may receive up to 24 courses of study medication.
Induction Mortality	Death within 8 weeks from the start of treatment.	Up to 1 year

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: M.D. Anderson Cancer Center
• Collaborators: Cephalon

Publications and helpful links

Helpful Links

• University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center Website

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: July 1, 2011
• Primary Completion (ACTUAL): January 1, 2017
• Study Completion (ACTUAL): January 1, 2017

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: January 6, 2011
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: January 6, 2011
• First Posted (ESTIMATE): January 7, 2011

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (ACTUAL): May 30, 2018
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: April 30, 2018
• Last Verified: April 1, 2018

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: AML; Cytarabine; MDS; High-Risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome; Cytosar; DepoCyt; Cytosine Arabinosine Hydrochloride; Acute Myelogenous Leukemia; Omacetaxine; ARA-C
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Neoplasms by Histologic Type; Neoplasms; Bone Marrow Diseases; Hematologic Diseases; Precancerous Conditions; Myelodysplastic Syndromes; Leukemia; Leukemia, Myeloid; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute; Preleukemia; Physiological Effects of Drugs; Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action; Anti-Infective Agents; Antiviral Agents; Enzyme Inhibitors; Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; Antimetabolites; Antineoplastic Agents; Immunosuppressive Agents; Immunologic Factors; Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; Cytarabine; Homoharringtonine
• Other Study ID Numbers: 2010-0736; NCI-2013-02220 (REGISTRY: NCI CTRP)