Canola Oil Multicentre Intervention Trial (COMIT)

February 18, 2014 updated by: Dr. Peter Jones, University of Manitoba

Canola and Flax Oils in Modulation of Vascular Function and Biomarkers of Cardiovascular Disease Risk

The purpose of the study is to examine how the consumption of different dietary oil varieties affects a broad range of metabolic responses that are important in the development of cardiovascular diseases. This study will examine the relationship between dietary oil consumption and arterial function, blood fat content, and blood markers of cardiovascular disease risk. Additionally, the efficiency of the body in converting fat from dietary oils into other specific fat compounds with know health benefits will be examined. Also, the correlation between psychosocial parameters and vascular function will be studied.

Study Overview

Status

Completed

Conditions

Intervention / Treatment

Detailed Description

Although consumption of omega-3 fatty acids favorably modulate circulating lipids and arterial health, there is confusion surrounding the specific health benefits of plant based alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) versus marine derived eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). This research will examine the health benefits of ALA from consumption of diets rich in canola oil, novel monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) and DHA enriched canola oils, and flax oil compared with a control diet representative of North American diets rich in omega-6 and saturated fats. Treatment oils will be examined for potential influence on endothelial dysfunction, inflammation, oxidation, body composition, and plasma lipoprotein characterization. Furthermore, in an effort to elucidate the genetic factors that promote ALA conversion to EPA/DHA and strengthen the role of ALA in cardiovascular health, a major objective is to correlate common genetic variants in the fatty acid desaturase 1 (FADS1) and fatty acid desaturase 2 (FADS2) gene cluster with ALA conversion to EPA/DHA and n-3 fatty acid composition of serum phospholipids in response to consumption of the treatment oils. Besides, psychosocial predictors of vascular function will be investigated.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

140

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

  • Canada
    • Manitoba
      • Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada, R3T 2N2
        • Richardson Centre for Functional Foods and Nutraceuticals

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

18 years to 65 years (Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • Waist circumference ≥94 cm (males) or ≥80 cm (females)

plus at least one of the following:

  • Triglycerides ≥1.7 mmol/L
  • High density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol <1 mmol/L (males) or <1.3 mmol/L (females)
  • Low density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol ≥3.5 mmol/L
  • Blood pressure ≥130 mmHg (systolic) and/or ≥85 mmHg (diastolic)
  • Glucose ≥5.5 mmol/L

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Thyroid disease
  • Diabetes mellitus
  • Kidney disease
  • Liver disease
  • Smoking
  • Heavy drinking
  • Use of medication known to affect lipid metabolism during the last 3 months(cholestyramine, colestipol, niacin, clofibrate, gemfibrozil, probucol, HMG CoA reductase inhibitors)

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Prevention
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Crossover Assignment
  • Masking: Triple

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Placebo Comparator: Corn and safflower oil
Other: Corn and safflower oil
The oil (60 g/d/3000 kcal) is given in two daily fruit shakes for 4 weeks
Active Comparator: Canola oil
Other: Canola oil
The oil (60 g/d/3000 kcal providing 3.8 g ALA) is given in two daily fruit shakes for 4 weeks
Active Comparator: High oleic acid canola oil
Other: High oleic acid canola oil
The oil (60 g/d/3000 kcal providing 41.2 g oleic acid and 1.2 g ALA) is given in two daily fruit shakes for 4 weeks
Active Comparator: DHA enriched high oleic acid canola oil
Other: DHA enriched high oleic acid canola oil
The oil (60 g/d/3000 kcal providing 1.2 g of ALA and 3.6 g of DHA) is given in two daily fruit shakes for 4 weeks
Active Comparator: Flax and safflower oil
Other: Flax and safflower oil
The oil (60 g/d/3000 kcal providing 6.9 g of ALA) is given in two daily fruit shakes for 4 weeks

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Change in endothelial function
Time Frame: Endothelial function will be measured at baseline and at the end of each of the five 4-week treatment phases over a period of nine months.
Non-invasive peripheral arterial tonometry (EndoPAT) is used to assess endothelial function.
Endothelial function will be measured at baseline and at the end of each of the five 4-week treatment phases over a period of nine months.

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Change in ALA conversion to EPA/DHA
Time Frame: Blood samples will be collected at the end of each of the five 4-week treatment phases over a period of nine months.
On day 28 of each experimental phase, a fasting baseline blood sample is taken prior to administration of an oral dose of deuterium oxide containing a higher than normal proportion of the hydrogen isotope deuterium (2H). Fasting blood samples will be obtained 24 h following the tracer dose. Enrichment of 2H in EPA and DHA plasma triglycerides, non-esterified fatty acids, and phosphatidylcholine will be measured by GC-combustion isotope-ratio mass spectrometry.
Blood samples will be collected at the end of each of the five 4-week treatment phases over a period of nine months.
Change in body composition
Time Frame: Measurements will be done at the start and end of each of the five 4-week treatment phases over a period of nine months.
Changes in body composition will be assessed using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans. Also, a MRI scan will be performed on each subject at the start of the study.
Measurements will be done at the start and end of each of the five 4-week treatment phases over a period of nine months.
Change in FADS 1 & 2 mRNA and protein expression
Time Frame: Blood samples will be collected at the end of each of the five 4-week treatment phases over a nine-month period.
mRNA and protein expression of genes/proteins involved in fatty acid metabolism will be analyzed using standard RT-PCR and immunoblotting protocols.
Blood samples will be collected at the end of each of the five 4-week treatment phases over a nine-month period.
Change in psychosocial correlates
Time Frame: Measurements are done at baseline, at the start of the fifth treatment phase and at the end of each of the five 4-week treatment phases.
Subjects will complete questionnaires regarding their mood and recent sleep (state questionnaires) and a questionnaire regarding their overall mood, social support and behaviors (trait questionnaire).
Measurements are done at baseline, at the start of the fifth treatment phase and at the end of each of the five 4-week treatment phases.
Change in plasma lipids and lipoproteins, inflammatory cytokines and peroxidation biomarkers
Time Frame: Blood samples are collected at the start and end of each of the five 4-week treatment phases over a nine-month period.
Blood samples are collected at the start and end of each of the five 4-week treatment phases over a nine-month period.
Blood Pressure
Time Frame: Over 3 years; at baseline and endpoint of each 4-week treatment phases
Blood pressure data (change in both systolic and diastolic) was taken 3 times at the baseline and endpoint of each phase of the trial. 2nd and 3rd measures were averaged.
Over 3 years; at baseline and endpoint of each 4-week treatment phases

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

University of Manitoba

Collaborators

University of Toronto
Penn State University
Laval University

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: Penny Kris-Etherton, PhD, RD, Penn State University
  • Study Chair: Peter JH Jones, PhD, University of Manitoba
  • Principal Investigator: David Jenkins, PhD, University of Toronto
  • Principal Investigator: Sheila West, PhD, Penn State University

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start

September 1, 2010

Primary Completion (Actual)

March 1, 2012

Study Completion (Actual)

April 1, 2012

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

March 14, 2011

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

May 9, 2011

First Posted (Estimate)

May 10, 2011

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Estimate)

February 19, 2014

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

February 18, 2014

Last Verified

February 1, 2014

More Information

Terms related to this study

Keywords

Additional Relevant MeSH Terms

Other Study ID Numbers

  • B2010:047

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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