"Effect of High Fat and High Glycemic Diets

Effect of High Fat and High Glycemic Diets on Muscle Protein Synthesis in Somali Immigrants and Americans of Northern European Descent

The investigators will determine whether people with high muscle mitochondrial capacity produce higher amount of reactive oxygen species (ROS) on consuming high fat /high glycemic diet and thus exhibit elevated cellular oxidative damage. The investigators previously found that Asian Indian immigrants have high mitochondrial capacity in spite of severe insulin resistance. Somalians are another new immigrant population with rapidly increasing prevalence of diabetes. Both of these groups traditionally consume low caloric density diets, and the investigators hypothesize that when these groups are exposed to high-calorie Western diets, they exhibit increased oxidative stress, oxidative damage, and insulin resistance. The investigators will compare Somalians and NE Americans who are matched for age, BMI, and sex. The investigators will measure ROS production in skeletal muscle following high fat/high glycemic diet vs. healthy diet. The investigators will compare the oxidative damage to proteins, DNA, and lipids in these two populations following 10 days of high fat/high glycemic index diet in comparison with low fat diet. The investigators will determine if elevated levels of oxidative damage in Somali immigrant populations is accompanied by high mitochondrial capacity, higher ROS-emitting potential, and lower insulin sensitivity than NE. The proposed study will be performed utilizing the state-of-the-art proteomic and metabolomic methods many of which were recently developed in our laboratory. The investigators expect the results from this study to provide seminal insights into the underlying mechanism of insulin resistance and type 2 diabetes, in addition to demonstrating mechanisms by which a functional proteome is maintained in vivo.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Type 2 Diabetes
• Intervention / Treatment: Behavioral: Control diet; Behavioral: High Glycemic Diet

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 24
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Minnesota
    • Rochester, Minnesota, United States, 55975
      • Mayo Clinic

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 40 years to 65 years (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Somali immigrants age 40-65,
• BMI 23-34 kg/m2,
• sedentary (exercise less than 2 days per week for less than 20 minutes).

Inclusion criteria:

• for Northern European descendants same as for Somali immigrants plus need to match a Somali immigrant for age, BMI and habitual activity.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Triglycerides on screening examination of greater than 300;
• pregnant or lactating women.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Basic Science
• Allocation: Non-Randomized
• Interventional Model: Crossover Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Normal glycemic diet; COntrol diet with fat and glycemic index similar to typical American diet.	Behavioral: Control diet; Normal fat, normal fat diet
Experimental: High-fat, high-glycemic diet	Behavioral: High Glycemic Diet; NORMAL FAT AND GLYCEMIC DIET CONSUMED High FAT AND Glycemic Diet consumed

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Insulin Sensitivity	The investigators will determine the change from baseline in insulin sensitivity using a hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp. Measurments will be performed at baseline and following 10 days of exercise a high fat diet.	Measured at day 0 (baseline) and day 10 (of high fat meals)

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
ceramides and diacylglycerol	The investigators will determine the change from baseline in skeletal insulin ceramide and diacylglycerol concentrations. Measurments will be performed at baseline and following 10 days of exercise a high fat diet.	Measured at day 0 (baseline) and day 10 (of high fat meals)

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Mayo Clinic
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Sreekumaran Nair, MD, Ph.D, Mayo Clinic

Publications and helpful links

Helpful Links

• Mayo Clinic Clinical Trials

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: April 1, 2011
• Primary Completion (Actual): November 1, 2019
• Study Completion (Actual): December 31, 2019

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: November 18, 2011
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: December 15, 2011
• First Posted (Estimate): December 19, 2011

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): February 5, 2020
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: February 4, 2020
• Last Verified: February 1, 2020

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Other Study ID Numbers: 10-005948

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO