A Phase I Study of Bavituximab, Capecitabine, and Radiation for the Treatment of Rectal Adenocarcinoma

A Phase I Study of the Phosphatidylserine-Targeting Antibody Bavituximab in Combination With Capecitabine and Radiation Therapy for the Treatment of Stage II and III Rectal Adenocarcinoma

This is a phase I study incorporating bavituximab into the care of patients with rectal adenocarcinoma simultaneously treated with capecitabine and radiation therapy. There is no reference therapy as we are trying to identify the MTD of bavituximab in this combination.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Rectal Adenocarcinoma
• Intervention / Treatment: Radiation: Radiation; Drug: Bavituximab; Drug: Capecitabine

Detailed Description

The investigational drug in this protocol is bavituximab, which will be delivered concurrently with the radiation therapy for 6 weeks (one time each week), followed by 2 weeks of bavituximab administration by itself. If the other therapies are terminated after week 4 the bavituximab treatment may be continued per protocol. A chemotherapy agent, capecitabine, will be delivered twice daily p.o. on the days of radiation treatment, at a dose of 825 mg/m2. Radiation therapy will be administered daily, Monday-Friday, for a total of 28 treatments, delivered at 1.8 Gy/fraction. Surgery will follow the last bavituximab administration by 4-8 weeks (6-10 weeks following completion of radiation therapy.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 15
• Phase: Phase 1

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Texas
    • Dallas, Texas, United States, 75390
      • University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 14 years to 95 years (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Biopsy-proven invasive adenocarcinoma of the rectum, stage T3-4 and/or node-positive (AJCC stage II or III). For the purpose of this study, a tumor is located in the "rectum" when its distal edge is located within 12cm of the anal verge. The distal edge of the tumor can be delineated by digital examination or endoscopic examination, including colonoscopy, although rigid proctoscopy is preferred.
• Age > 18 years.
• Performance status of 0 or 1 on the ECOG scale is required (See Appendix 1).

• Adequate organ and marrow function as defined below:

  • leukocytes ≥ 3,000/mcL
  • absolute neutrophil count ≥ 1,500/mcL
  • platelets ≥ 100,000/mcl
  • total bilirubin within normal institutional limits
  • AST(SGOT)/ALT(SGPT) ≤ 2.5 X institutional upper limit of normal
  • creatinine <1.5 X institutional upper limits of normal
  • aPTT ≤1.5 X institutional upper limits of normal
• Women of child-bearing potential and men must agree to use adequate contraception (hormonal or barrier method of birth control; abstinence) prior to study entry, for the duration of study participation, and for 90 days following completion of therapy. Should a woman become pregnant or suspect she is pregnant while participating in this study, she should inform her treating physician immediately.

• A female of child-bearing potential is any woman (regardless of sexual orientation, having undergone a tubal ligation, or remaining celibate by choice) who meets the following criteria:

  • Has not undergone a hysterectomy or bilateral oophorectomy;
  • or has not been naturally postmenopausal for at least 12 consecutive months (i.e., has had menses at any time in the preceding 12 consecutive months).
• Ability to understand and the willingness to sign a written informed consent

Exclusion Criteria:

• Known history of bleeding diathesis or coagulopathy (e.g., von Willebrand disease or hemophilia).

• Bleeding

  1. Clinically significant bleeding, such as gross hematuria, gastrointestinal bleeding (excluding bleeding from rectal tumor), and hemoptysis within the 12 months before screening. If clinically significant bleeding has occurred within 12 months of screening but the cause has been identified and adequately treated (e.g., cystitis, ulcer), then this exclusion criterion does not apply.
  2. Minor biopsy-related bleeding lasting < 24 hours and resolved at least 1 week before Study Day 1 is allowed.
• Venous thromboembolic events (e.g., deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism) within 6 months of screening.
• Ongoing therapy with oral or parenteral anticoagulants; low-dose anticoagulation to maintain patency of lines is allowed.
• Concurrent estrogens, anti-estrogens or progesterone compounds.
• Any prior radiation for rectal cancer.
• Symptomatic or clinically active brain metastases.
• Major surgery within 4 weeks of Study Day 1.
• Pregnant or nursing women.
• Uncontrolled intercurrent illness including, but not limited to, ongoing or active infection, symptomatic congestive heart failure, unstable angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmia, history of blood clotting abnormalities, or psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study requirements.
• Symptomatic coronary artery disease, cerebrovascular accident, transient ischemic attack, myocardial infarction, or unstable angina pectoris within 6 months of screening.
• Known chronic infection with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or viral hepatitis.
• Known hypersensitivity to any components of the treatments.
• History of malignancy other than non-melanoma skin cancers within 5 years prior to study enrollment.
• Subjects receiving other investigational agents thirty days prior to study treatment or during treatment.
• History of inflammatory bowel disease

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: N/A
• Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

1

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Intervention / Treatment

Experimental: Bavituximab, Capecitabine, Radiation; one arm

Radiation: Radiation; Radiation therapy will be administered daily, Monday-Friday, for a total of 28 treatments, delivered at 1.8 Gy/fraction.; Drug: Bavituximab; Bavituximab will be delivered concurrently with the radiation therapy for 6 weeks (one time each week), followed by 2 weeks of bavituximab administration by itself.; Other Names: Phosphatidylserine-Targeting Antibody; Drug: Capecitabine; capecitabine, will be delivered twice daily p.o. on the days of radiation treatment, at a dose of 825 mg/m2.; Other Names: Xeloda

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
dose-limiting toxicities (DLT)	To determine dose-limiting toxicities (DLT) for bavituximab when administered on a weekly basis concurrently with external beam radiation therapy.	28 days

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
adverse events	To describe the adverse events associated with bavituximab when administered on a weekly basis concurrently with external beam irradiation and capecitabine	12 weeks
MR imaging and histopathological response	To describe any preliminary evidence of anti-tumor activity by assessment of objective response as determined by MR imaging and histopathological response in patients with T3-4 and/or node-positive rectal adenocarcinoma.	12 weeks
tumor-vasculature parameters	To determine if the combination of bavituximab, capecitabine, and radiation therapy induces changes in tumor-vasculature parameters as assessed by DCE-MRI, in selected patients.	week 3 and 12
maximally tolerated dose (MTD)	To determine maximally tolerated dose (MTD) for bavituximab when administered on a weekly basis concurrently with external beam radiation therapy.	28 days

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): August 8, 2012
• Primary Completion (Actual): October 30, 2015
• Study Completion (Actual): October 6, 2017

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: June 28, 2012
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: July 2, 2012
• First Posted (Estimate): July 6, 2012

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): August 20, 2020
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: August 19, 2020
• Last Verified: May 1, 2018

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Capecitabine; Rectal cancer; Radiation Therapy; Bavituximab
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Digestive System Diseases; Neoplasms by Histologic Type; Neoplasms; Neoplasms by Site; Carcinoma; Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial; Gastrointestinal Neoplasms; Digestive System Neoplasms; Gastrointestinal Diseases; Intestinal Diseases; Intestinal Neoplasms; Rectal Diseases; Colorectal Neoplasms; Adenocarcinoma; Rectal Neoplasms; Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action; Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; Antimetabolites; Antineoplastic Agents; Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological; Capecitabine; Bavituximab
• Other Study ID Numbers: STU 032012-025

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: No