Safety and Immunogenicity of 1 or 2 Doses of IPV in Latin American Infants Primed With Bivalent OPV Vaccine

August 4, 2015 updated by: Fidec Corporation

A Phase 4, Randomized Study to Evaluate the Safety and the Humoral and Intestinal Immunogenicity of One or Two Additional Doses of Licensed Inactivated Polio Vaccines (IPVs) in Latin American Infants Previously Vaccinated With Bivalent Oral Polio Vaccines (bOPVs)

This study is a Phase IV, open, randomized, multi-center, controlled vaccine trial conducted in healthy Latin American infants, utilizing one or two supplemental doses of IPV in children previously vaccinated with 3 doses of bOPV. We will examine the impact of supplemental IPV on stool shedding and humoral immunity, as well as intra-IPV manufacturer comparability, and safety.

Study Overview

Detailed Description

The world polio eradication effort is near its goal of reducing the number of new cases of polio to zero. However, final and definitive eradication of the disease will require stopping the use of oral polio vaccines (OPV's) which contain live virus and can rarely revert back to disease producing strains. This period will result in a risk of polio re-emergence as immunity will wane while some vaccine poliovirus will still be circulating. Inactivated polio vaccine (IPV) could potentially play a central role during this process but at present barriers of cost and logistics prevent its routine use in resource limited countries, and concerns exist as to whether IPV provides enough immunity in the intestine to reduce the spread of polioviruses in communities once OPV's are stopped. We plan a multi-center trial in Latin America in which we will administer 1 or 2 doses of IPV to children previously vaccinated with an OPV containing type 1 and 3 poliovirus (bOPV), and then assess the shedding in the stool of a type 2 OPV virus administered later. A decrease in the amount of virus shed compared to children not given IPV would indicate that the IPV boosted intestinal immunity, and would suggest that spread of virus in communities could be reduced using this strategy. We will also measure the impact of supplemental IPV's on antibody formation in the blood, which is a marker of protection of the individual from polio disease. A secondary aim will be to compare the immunogenicity and safety of three IPV's produced by different manufacturers. The overall goal will be to inform policy makers in polio eradication regarding the potential role that one or two doses of IPV might play in the final steps toward polio eradication.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Anticipated)

1420

Phase

  • Phase 4

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Locations

      • Cali, Colombia
        • Centro de Estudios en Infectologia Pediatrica - CEIP
      • Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic
        • Hospital Maternidad Nuestra Señora de la Altagracia
      • Guatemala, Guatemala, 01011
        • Clinica Niño Sano Hospital Roosevelt
      • Panama, Panama
        • Hospital del Niño de Panama

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

1 month and older (Child, Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  1. Age: 6 weeks (-7 to +14 days).
  2. Healthy without obvious medical conditions that preclude the subject to be in the study as established by the medical history and physical examination.
  3. Written informed consent obtained from 1 or 2 parents or legal guardian as per country regulations

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Previous vaccination against poliovirus.
  2. Low birth weight (BW <2,500 gm).
  3. Multiple pregnancy (twins, triplets, etc.),
  4. Any confirmed or suspected immunosuppressive or immunodeficient condition including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection.
  5. Family history of congenital or hereditary immunodeficiency.
  6. Major congenital defects or serious uncontrolled chronic illness (neurologic, pulmonary, gastrointestinal, hepatic, renal, or endocrine).
  7. Known allergy to any component of the study vaccines.
  8. Uncontrolled coagulopathy or blood disorder contraindicating intramuscular injections.
  9. Administration of immunoglobulins and/or any blood products since birth or planned administration during the study period.
  10. Acute severe febrile illness at day of vaccination deemed by the Investigator to be a contraindication for vaccination.
  11. Member of the subject's household (living in the same house or apartment unit) who has received OPV vaccine in the last 3 months.
  12. Subject who, in the opinion of the Investigator or sub-Investigator, is unlikely to comply with the protocol or is inappropriate to be included in the study for the safety or the benefit-risk ratio of the subject.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Prevention
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Factorial Assignment
  • Masking: Single

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: G1: Sanofi bOPV Control
210 infants receiving Bivalent Oral Polio Vaccine (bOPV) at 6, 10 and 14 weeks with Monovalent Oral Polio Vaccine Type 2 (mOPV2) challenge at 18 weeks
Produced by Sanofi Pasteur, Lyon, France, bivalent OPV vaccine contains types 1 and 3 polioviruses and it is indicated for supplementary immunization activities in children from 0 to 5 years of age to prevent or contain outbreaks caused by these 2 serotypes.
Other Names:
  • Bivalent Oral Polio Vaccine
  • bOPV
Licensed monovalent OPV type 2 vaccine (mOPV2) by Glaxo SmithKline, Rixensart, Belgium. Polio Sabin Mono Two (oral) is a monovalent, live attenuated poliomyelitis virus vaccine of the Sabin strain Type 2 (P 712, Ch, 2ab), propagated in MRC5 human diploid cells.
Other Names:
  • Polio Sabin Mono Two
  • Monovalent Oral Polio Vaccine Type 2
  • mOPV2
Experimental: G2: Sanofi bOPV Control
210 infants receiving Bivalent Oral Polio Vaccine (bOPV) at 6, 10 and 14 weeks with Monovalent Oral Polio Vaccine Type 2 (mOPV2) challenge at 40 weeks
Produced by Sanofi Pasteur, Lyon, France, bivalent OPV vaccine contains types 1 and 3 polioviruses and it is indicated for supplementary immunization activities in children from 0 to 5 years of age to prevent or contain outbreaks caused by these 2 serotypes.
Other Names:
  • Bivalent Oral Polio Vaccine
  • bOPV
Licensed monovalent OPV type 2 vaccine (mOPV2) by Glaxo SmithKline, Rixensart, Belgium. Polio Sabin Mono Two (oral) is a monovalent, live attenuated poliomyelitis virus vaccine of the Sabin strain Type 2 (P 712, Ch, 2ab), propagated in MRC5 human diploid cells.
Other Names:
  • Polio Sabin Mono Two
  • Monovalent Oral Polio Vaccine Type 2
  • mOPV2
Experimental: G3: Trivalent OPV Control
100 infants receiving Trivalent Oral Polio Vaccine (tOPV)' at 6, 10 and 14 weeks with Monovalent Oral Polio Vaccine Type 2 (mOPV2) challenge at 18 weeks
Licensed monovalent OPV type 2 vaccine (mOPV2) by Glaxo SmithKline, Rixensart, Belgium. Polio Sabin Mono Two (oral) is a monovalent, live attenuated poliomyelitis virus vaccine of the Sabin strain Type 2 (P 712, Ch, 2ab), propagated in MRC5 human diploid cells.
Other Names:
  • Polio Sabin Mono Two
  • Monovalent Oral Polio Vaccine Type 2
  • mOPV2
Produced by Sanofi Pasteur, Lyon, France, trivalent OPV vaccine contains types 1, 2, and 3 polioviruses and it is indicated for routine and supplementary prevention of poliomyelitis in children from 0 to 5 years of age.
Other Names:
  • tOPV
  • "OPVERO"
  • Trivalent Oral Polio Vaccine
Experimental: G4: Sanofi bOPV, Sanofi IPV
210 infants receiving Bivalent Oral Polio Vaccine (bOPV) at 6, 10 and 14 weeks and 1 dose of Sanofi-Pasteur IPV (Sanofi IPV) at 14 weeks with Monovalent Oral Polio Vaccine Type 2 (mOPV2) challenge at 18 weeks
Produced by Sanofi Pasteur, Lyon, France, bivalent OPV vaccine contains types 1 and 3 polioviruses and it is indicated for supplementary immunization activities in children from 0 to 5 years of age to prevent or contain outbreaks caused by these 2 serotypes.
Other Names:
  • Bivalent Oral Polio Vaccine
  • bOPV
Licensed monovalent OPV type 2 vaccine (mOPV2) by Glaxo SmithKline, Rixensart, Belgium. Polio Sabin Mono Two (oral) is a monovalent, live attenuated poliomyelitis virus vaccine of the Sabin strain Type 2 (P 712, Ch, 2ab), propagated in MRC5 human diploid cells.
Other Names:
  • Polio Sabin Mono Two
  • Monovalent Oral Polio Vaccine Type 2
  • mOPV2
Inactivated poliovirus vaccine is produced by Sanofi-Pasteur as a sterile suspension of 3 types of poliovirus. Each dose of vaccine (0.5 mL) contains 40 D antigen units of Mahoney strain (Type 1); 8 D antigen units of MEF-1 strain (Type 2); and 32 D antigen units of Saukett strain (Type 3).
Other Names:
  • Sanofi IPV
  • Sanofi-Pasteur IPV
  • IPOL
  • IMOVAX
Experimental: G5: Sanofi bOPV, Sanofi 2 IPV
210 infants receiving Bivalent Oral Polio Vaccine (bOPV) at 6, 10 and 14 weeks and 2 dose of Sanofi-Pasteur IPV (Sanofi IPV) at 14 and 36 weeks with Monovalent Oral Polio Vaccine Type 2 (mOPV2) challenge at 40 weeks
Produced by Sanofi Pasteur, Lyon, France, bivalent OPV vaccine contains types 1 and 3 polioviruses and it is indicated for supplementary immunization activities in children from 0 to 5 years of age to prevent or contain outbreaks caused by these 2 serotypes.
Other Names:
  • Bivalent Oral Polio Vaccine
  • bOPV
Licensed monovalent OPV type 2 vaccine (mOPV2) by Glaxo SmithKline, Rixensart, Belgium. Polio Sabin Mono Two (oral) is a monovalent, live attenuated poliomyelitis virus vaccine of the Sabin strain Type 2 (P 712, Ch, 2ab), propagated in MRC5 human diploid cells.
Other Names:
  • Polio Sabin Mono Two
  • Monovalent Oral Polio Vaccine Type 2
  • mOPV2
Inactivated poliovirus vaccine is produced by Sanofi-Pasteur as a sterile suspension of 3 types of poliovirus. Each dose of vaccine (0.5 mL) contains 40 D antigen units of Mahoney strain (Type 1); 8 D antigen units of MEF-1 strain (Type 2); and 32 D antigen units of Saukett strain (Type 3).
Other Names:
  • Sanofi IPV
  • Sanofi-Pasteur IPV
  • IPOL
  • IMOVAX
Experimental: G6: Sanofi bOPV, GSK IPV
50 infants receiving Bivalent Oral Polio Vaccine (bOPV) at 6, 10 and 14 weeks and 1 dose of Glaxo SmithKline IPV (GSK IPV) at 14 weeks with Monovalent Oral Polio Vaccine Type 2 (mOPV2) challenge at 18 weeks
Produced by Sanofi Pasteur, Lyon, France, bivalent OPV vaccine contains types 1 and 3 polioviruses and it is indicated for supplementary immunization activities in children from 0 to 5 years of age to prevent or contain outbreaks caused by these 2 serotypes.
Other Names:
  • Bivalent Oral Polio Vaccine
  • bOPV
Licensed monovalent OPV type 2 vaccine (mOPV2) by Glaxo SmithKline, Rixensart, Belgium. Polio Sabin Mono Two (oral) is a monovalent, live attenuated poliomyelitis virus vaccine of the Sabin strain Type 2 (P 712, Ch, 2ab), propagated in MRC5 human diploid cells.
Other Names:
  • Polio Sabin Mono Two
  • Monovalent Oral Polio Vaccine Type 2
  • mOPV2
Inactivated poliovirus vaccine is produced by Glaxo SmithKline, Rixensart, Belgium, as a sterile suspension of 3 types of poliovirus. Each dose of vaccine (0.5 mL) contains 40 D antigen units of Mahoney strain (Type 1); 8 D antigen units of MEF-1 strain (Type 2); and 32 D antigen units of Saukett strain (Type 3).
Other Names:
  • Glaxo SmithKline IPV
  • POLIORIX
  • (GSK IPV)
Experimental: G7: Sanofi bOPV, GSK 2 IPV
190 infants receiving Bivalent Oral Polio Vaccine (bOPV) at 6, 10 and 14 weeks and 2 doses of Glaxo SmithKline IPV (GSK IPV) at 14 and 36 weeks with Monovalent Oral Polio Vaccine Type 2 (mOPV2) challenge at 40 weeks
Produced by Sanofi Pasteur, Lyon, France, bivalent OPV vaccine contains types 1 and 3 polioviruses and it is indicated for supplementary immunization activities in children from 0 to 5 years of age to prevent or contain outbreaks caused by these 2 serotypes.
Other Names:
  • Bivalent Oral Polio Vaccine
  • bOPV
Licensed monovalent OPV type 2 vaccine (mOPV2) by Glaxo SmithKline, Rixensart, Belgium. Polio Sabin Mono Two (oral) is a monovalent, live attenuated poliomyelitis virus vaccine of the Sabin strain Type 2 (P 712, Ch, 2ab), propagated in MRC5 human diploid cells.
Other Names:
  • Polio Sabin Mono Two
  • Monovalent Oral Polio Vaccine Type 2
  • mOPV2
Inactivated poliovirus vaccine is produced by Glaxo SmithKline, Rixensart, Belgium, as a sterile suspension of 3 types of poliovirus. Each dose of vaccine (0.5 mL) contains 40 D antigen units of Mahoney strain (Type 1); 8 D antigen units of MEF-1 strain (Type 2); and 32 D antigen units of Saukett strain (Type 3).
Other Names:
  • Glaxo SmithKline IPV
  • POLIORIX
  • (GSK IPV)
Experimental: G8: Sanofi bOPV, SII IPV
50 infants receiving Bivalent Oral Polio Vaccine (bOPV) at 6, 10 and 14 weeks and 1 dose of Serum Institute of India IPV (SII IPV) at 14 weeks with Monovalent Oral Polio Vaccine Type 2 (mOPV2) challenge at 18 weeks
Produced by Sanofi Pasteur, Lyon, France, bivalent OPV vaccine contains types 1 and 3 polioviruses and it is indicated for supplementary immunization activities in children from 0 to 5 years of age to prevent or contain outbreaks caused by these 2 serotypes.
Other Names:
  • Bivalent Oral Polio Vaccine
  • bOPV
Licensed monovalent OPV type 2 vaccine (mOPV2) by Glaxo SmithKline, Rixensart, Belgium. Polio Sabin Mono Two (oral) is a monovalent, live attenuated poliomyelitis virus vaccine of the Sabin strain Type 2 (P 712, Ch, 2ab), propagated in MRC5 human diploid cells.
Other Names:
  • Polio Sabin Mono Two
  • Monovalent Oral Polio Vaccine Type 2
  • mOPV2
Inactivated poliovirus vaccine produced by Nederland's Vaccin Instituut in Bilthoven, The Netherlands (acquired recently by Serum Institute of India [SII]) is licensed in the producing country and prequalified by the WHO. It consists of a sterile suspension of 3 types of poliovirus. Each dose of vaccine (0.5 mL) contains 40 D antigen units of Mahoney strain (Type 1); 8 D antigen units of MEF-1 strain (Type 2); and 32 D antigen units of Saukett strain (Type 3).
Other Names:
  • Serum Institute of India IPV
  • SII IPV
Experimental: G9: Sanofi bOPV, SII 2 IPV
190 infants receiving Bivalent Oral Polio Vaccine (bOPV) at 6, 10 and 14 weeks and 2 doses of Serum Institute of India IPV (SII IPV) at 14 and 36 weeks with Monovalent Oral Polio Vaccine Type 2 (mOPV2) challenge at 40 weeks
Produced by Sanofi Pasteur, Lyon, France, bivalent OPV vaccine contains types 1 and 3 polioviruses and it is indicated for supplementary immunization activities in children from 0 to 5 years of age to prevent or contain outbreaks caused by these 2 serotypes.
Other Names:
  • Bivalent Oral Polio Vaccine
  • bOPV
Licensed monovalent OPV type 2 vaccine (mOPV2) by Glaxo SmithKline, Rixensart, Belgium. Polio Sabin Mono Two (oral) is a monovalent, live attenuated poliomyelitis virus vaccine of the Sabin strain Type 2 (P 712, Ch, 2ab), propagated in MRC5 human diploid cells.
Other Names:
  • Polio Sabin Mono Two
  • Monovalent Oral Polio Vaccine Type 2
  • mOPV2
Inactivated poliovirus vaccine produced by Nederland's Vaccin Instituut in Bilthoven, The Netherlands (acquired recently by Serum Institute of India [SII]) is licensed in the producing country and prequalified by the WHO. It consists of a sterile suspension of 3 types of poliovirus. Each dose of vaccine (0.5 mL) contains 40 D antigen units of Mahoney strain (Type 1); 8 D antigen units of MEF-1 strain (Type 2); and 32 D antigen units of Saukett strain (Type 3).
Other Names:
  • Serum Institute of India IPV
  • SII IPV

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Change in the stool poliovirus excretion after mOPV2 challenge (shedding index)
Time Frame: Within 28 days of mOPV2 challenge
The basis for calculation of the quantitative shedding index endpoint is to measure the change of viral concentrations shed in stool post-mOPV2 challenge from the baseline timepoint at day 0 to 7, 14, 21 and 28 days as measured from time of mOPV challenge. Quantitative shedding index endpoint will be computed as an area under the viral shedding curve based on these three log10-transformed measurements.
Within 28 days of mOPV2 challenge
Seroconversion and seroprotection to type 1, 2 and 3 poliovirus
Time Frame: At 6 and 14 weeks, and then before and 1 week after mOPV2 challenge
The first serologic response endpoint is neutralizing antibody titer defined as the estimated dilution at which 50% neutralizing activity is achieved. The second serologic response endpoint is the binary seroconversion indicator. Seroconversion is considered to be achieved by the time of the subsequent time point if type-specific titers measured at that time are ≥1:8 and > 4-fold over expected levels of maternally-derived antibody computed from the observed titer at baseline assuming an exponential decay with ½ life of 24 days. The third serologic response endpoint of seroprotection is a binary outcome computed from a single antibody titer measurement with seroprotection being achieved if the measured titer is > 1:8.
At 6 and 14 weeks, and then before and 1 week after mOPV2 challenge

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Comparability of seroconversion and seroprotection from different IPV vaccines
Time Frame: At 6 and 14 weeks, and then before and 1 week after mOPV2 challenge
To determine whether IPVs from different manufacturers (Sanofi, GSK, SII) are comparable in their ability to induce/boost an antibody response to the 3 poliovirus serotypes in infants vaccinated with 1 or 2 IPV doses after receiving 3 doses of bOPV at 6, 10, and 14 weeks of age
At 6 and 14 weeks, and then before and 1 week after mOPV2 challenge
Safety of each vaccine (tOPV, bOPV, mOPV, Sanofi IPV, GSK IPV and SII IPV) and each vaccine schedule
Time Frame: 10 months for each subject
  1. Number of severe adverse events (SAE)throughout the study period
  2. Number of important medical events (IME) as protocol defined: up to 28 days post-vaccination
  3. Number of Local & systemic solicited AEs: 3 days post-vaccination
10 months for each subject

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: Edwin J Asturias, MD, University of Colorado, Denver
  • Study Director: Ricardo Ruttimann, MD, Fidec Corporation

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start

May 1, 2013

Primary Completion (Actual)

April 1, 2014

Study Completion (Actual)

December 1, 2014

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

April 10, 2013

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

April 11, 2013

First Posted (Estimate)

April 15, 2013

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Estimate)

August 6, 2015

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

August 4, 2015

Last Verified

August 1, 2015

More Information

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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