Electrical Stimulation for the Treatment of Chronic Post-Stroke Shoulder Pain Using the Smartpatch System

A Randomized, Double-Blinded, Placebo-Control Multicenter Pivotal Study of the Smartpatch Peripheral Nerve Stimulation (PNS) System for the Treatment of Chronic Post-Stroke Shoulder Pain

The purpose of this study is to determine if electrical stimulation (small levels of electricity) reduces post-stroke shoulder pain. This study involves a device called the Smartpatch System. The Smartpatch System delivers mild electrical stimulation to the muscles in the shoulder. The Smartpatch System includes a small wire (called a "Lead") that is placed through the skin into the muscle of the shoulder. It also includes a device worn on the body that delivers stimulation (called the Smartpatch Stimulator).

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Hemiplegic Shoulder Pain; Post-stroke Shoulder Pain
• Intervention / Treatment: Device: Smartpatch Peripheral Nerve Stimulation (PNS) System

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 88
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Illinois
    • Chicago, Illinois, United States, 60611
      • Rehabilitation Institute of Chicago
  • New Jersey
    • West Orange, New Jersey, United States, 07052
      • Kessler Foundation Research Center
  • New York
    • New York, New York, United States, 10065
      • Weill Cornell Medical Center
  • North Carolina
    • Charlotte, North Carolina, United States, 28203
      • Carolinas Rehabilitation/Carolinas Healthcare
  • Ohio
    • Columbus, Ohio, United States, 43210
      • The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 21 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Key Inclusion Criteria:

• At least 21 years of age
• Post-stroke shoulder pain
• At least 6 months after stroke that caused shoulder pain

Key Exclusion Criteria:

• Use of habit-forming (narcotic) medications
• Bleeding disorder
• History of recurrent skin infections
• Parkinson's Disease, Spinal Cord Injury, traumatic brain injury, Multiple Sclerosis, or Complex Regional Pain Syndrome
• Heart arrhythmia or artificial heart valves
• Uncontrolled seizures
• Implanted Electronic Device
• Pregnant

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: Double

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Smartpatch Treatment Group; Subjects in the Treatment Group will have a Smartpatch Lead placed in the shoulder, will use the Smartpatch Peripheral Nerve Stimulation (PNS) System, and will receive electrical stimulation.	Device: Smartpatch Peripheral Nerve Stimulation (PNS) System; The Smartpatch System is an Investigation Device which delivers mild electrical stimulation to the muscles in the shoulder. The Smartpatch System includes a small wire (called a "Lead") that is placed through the skin into the muscle of the shoulder. It also includes a device worn on the body that delivers stimulation (called the Smartpatch Stimulator).; Other Names: Smartpatch System, Smartpatch
Sham Comparator: Smartpatch Control Group; Subjects in the Control Group will have a Smartpatch Lead placed in the shoulder, will use the Smartpatch Peripheral Nerve Stimulation (PNS) System, but will not receive any electrical stimulation.	Device: Smartpatch Peripheral Nerve Stimulation (PNS) System; The Smartpatch System is an Investigation Device which delivers mild electrical stimulation to the muscles in the shoulder. The Smartpatch System includes a small wire (called a "Lead") that is placed through the skin into the muscle of the shoulder. It also includes a device worn on the body that delivers stimulation (called the Smartpatch Stimulator).; Other Names: Smartpatch System, Smartpatch

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Change From Baseline Shoulder Pain Intensity at End of Treatment (EOT)	A diary was used in the study to capture daily worst shoulder pain intensity over a 7-day period. The diary included a pain intensity question asked each day to the subject. The pain intensity question is excerpted from the Brief Pain Inventory - Short Form Question 3 (BPI-3) and is stated as "please rate your pain by circling the one number that best describes your pain at its worst in the last 24 hours". BPI-3 is a scale of 0 to 10 where 0 represents no pain and 10 represents worst pain. The median scores were calculated for each diary period. The median diary score at End of Treatment (EOT) was compared to the median baseline diary score to calculate the change in pain intensity. The group mean of the median scores for treatment was compared to the group mean of the medians scores for the control group at baseline and at EOT.	Baseline, End of Treatment (4-weeks of Treatment/Control)
Number of Participants With Device Related Adverse Event Rates in Treatment and Control Groups	At each study visit following the baseline assessment, subjects were questioned if any changes in their medical status or condition had occurred. If the change was an adverse event, an adverse event form was completed by the site.	16 weeks total - 4 weeks from baseline visit to EOT visit, followed by 12 weeks post-treatment

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Change From Baseline Shoulder Pain Interference at End of Treatment	The degree to which shoulder pain interferes with daily activities was assessed using Question 9 of the Brief Pain Inventory (BPI-9) collected from the BPI Short Form administered during clinic visits. This question asks the subject to rate the degree to which their pain has interfered with general activity, mood, walking ability, normal work, relations with other people, sleep, and enjoyment of life on a scale of 0 to 10, where 0 is "does not interfere" and 10 is "completely interferes" within the last week. The mean of these seven scores will be calculated to obtain the pain interference score.	Baseline, End of Treatment (4-weeks of Treatment/Control)
Durability of Change From Baseline Shoulder Pain Intensity at 12-weeks Beyond Treatment	A diary was used in the study to capture daily worst shoulder pain intensity over a 7-day period. The diary included a pain intensity question asked each day to the subject. The pain intensity question is excerpted from the Brief Pain Inventory - Short Form Question 3 (BPI-3) and is stated as "please rate your pain by circling the one number that best describes your pain at its worst in the last 24 hours". BPI-3 is a scale of 0 to 10 where 0 represents no pain and 10 represents worst pain. The median scores were calculated for each diary period. The median diary score at 12 weeks post-treatment was compared to the median baseline diary score to calculate the change in pain intensity. The group mean of the median scores for 12 weeks post-treatment was compared to the group mean of the median scores for the control group at baseline.	Baseline, 12-wks post-treatment
Change From Baseline Quality of Life at End of Treatment	The Medical Outcomes Study Short Form (SF-36v2) was administered at clinic visits to assess the impact of peripheral nerve stimulation on the subject's health-related quality of life. The SF-36v2 is a generic health survey designed to assess basic physical functioning and emotional well-being regardless of the disease or treatment. The 36 questions were grouped into two components: physical and mental. The survey was scored using norm-based scoring algorithm where a score of 0 indicates maximum disability and a score of 100 indicates no disability. Change in each component score was derived from End of Treatment score minus baseline score.	Baseline, End of Treatment (4-weeks of Treatment/Control)
Change From Baseline Average Pain Intensity at End of Treatment	A diary was used in the study to capture daily average shoulder pain intensity over a 7-day period. The diary included a pain intensity question asked each day to the subject. The pain intensity question is excerpted from the Brief Pain Inventory - Short Form Question 5 (BPI-5) and is stated as "please rate your pain by circling the one number that best describes your pain on the average". BPI-5 is a scale of 0 to 10 where 0 represents no pain and 10 represents worst pain. The mean scores were calculated for each diary period. The mean diary score at End of Treatment (EOT) was compared to the mean baseline diary score to calculate the change in pain intensity.	Baseline, End of Treatment (4-weeks of Treatment/Control)
Patient Global Impression of Change at End of Treatment	The Patient Global Impression of Change (PGIC) scale was administered at EOT to assess subject perception of overall improvement and patient preferences. The PGIC scale asks subjects to rate their improvement with treatment on a 7-point scale (centered at 4) that ranges from "very much worse" to "very much improved" relative to baseline.	End of Treatment (4-weeks of Treatment/Control)
Change in Pain Medication Usage at End of Treatment	Subjects completed 7-day diaries, in which they listed all pain medications they took during the 7 days. A blinded third party medication committee reviewed medications collected for each 7-day diary period and scored medication changes, in comparison to the baseline diary medications as "no change" (no change in dosage or change is not clinically meaningful to impact pain outcomes), "increase" (clinically meaningful increase in medication that would impact pain outcomes), or "decrease" (clinically meaningful decrease in medication that would impact pain outcomes).	End of Treatment (4-weeks of Treatment/Control)
Clinical Global Impression of Improvement at End of Treatment	The Blinded Evaluator rated each subject enrolled at their site using a question adapted from the Clinical Global Impression (CGI) scale, known as the Clinical Global Impression-Improvement scale (CGI-I). For the CGI-I, a Blinded Evaluator was asked to rate the subject's total improvement compared to their condition at baseline. The CGI-I uses a 7-point scale (centered at 4) that ranges from "very much worse" to "very much improved".	End of Treatment (4-weeks of Treatment/Control)

Other Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
User Satisfaction With The Smartpatch System at End of Treatment	Subjects completed the sponsor-developed Subject Satisfaction Survey at the End of Treatment (EOT) visit. The results of these surveys demonstrate the usability of the Smartpatch System and subject satisfaction with treatment.	End of Treatment (4-weeks of Treatment/Control)
User Satisfaction With The Smartpatch System at 12-weeks Beyond Treatment	Subjects completed the sponsor-developed Subject Satisfaction Survey at the end of the 12-week post-treatment period. The results of these surveys demonstrate the usability of the Smartpatch System and subject satisfaction with treatment.	12-week post-treatment
Performance of the Smartpatch System	A sponsor-developed Clinician Satisfaction Survey was administered to the Investigator(s) at each site performing lead placement and included questions pertaining to use of the Smartpatch device as well as the overall impression of the therapy.	At completion of study, approximately 2.5 years

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: SPR Therapeutics, Inc.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: April 1, 2013
• Primary Completion (Actual): August 21, 2015
• Study Completion (Actual): November 14, 2016

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: April 23, 2013
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: May 2, 2013
• First Posted (Estimate): May 7, 2013

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): October 16, 2017
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: October 12, 2017
• Last Verified: October 1, 2017

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: electrical stimulation; neuromodulation; neurostimulation; hemiplegic shoulder pain; post-stroke shoulder pain
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Cardiovascular Diseases; Vascular Diseases; Cerebrovascular Disorders; Brain Diseases; Central Nervous System Diseases; Nervous System Diseases; Pain; Neurologic Manifestations; Joint Diseases; Musculoskeletal Diseases; Arthralgia; Stroke; Shoulder Pain
• Other Study ID Numbers: 0131-CSP-000