Non-invasive Characterization of the Mechanisms of Atrial Fibrillation Maintenance (PERSONALIZE)

PERSONALIZE-AF: Non-invasive Characterization of the Mechanisms of Atrial Fibrillation

Currently available antiarrhythmic drugs for the treatment of atrial fibrillation (AF) have a limited efficacy and often cause long-term side effects. Pulmonary vein isolation is the therapy of choice in drug-refractory patients. Recent studies have shown that ablation have a greater efficacy in patients in whom AF is maintained hierarchically and after ablation of rotors. The non-invasive identification of specific mechanism of AF maintenance in each patient could allow the selection of the most appropriate treatment.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Atrial Fibrillation
• Intervention / Treatment: Procedure: Pulmonary vein ablation

Detailed Description

The MAIN GOAL of this project is to clinically validate the technology for the noninvasive identification of the mechanisms responsible for maintenance of AF by body surface electrical mapping. To achieve this goal, noninvasive mapping of the atrial activity will be correlated with simultaneous endocardial mapping (high density contact catheters) using advanced signal analyses techniques (Dominant frequency, phase and causality mapping, inverse solution problem). These analyses will be performed in patients with different mechanisms of maintenance of AF (e.g. paroxysmal, persistent, valvular) undergoing AF ablation for clinical indication. Both endocardial and body surface mapping results will be correlated with biomarkers levels, MRI scans and AF outcomes of AF ablation at 6 months and 1 year after the procedure.

Wide antrum circumferential pulmonary vein isolation with demonstration of bidirectional block will be performed using standard cooled-tip radiofrequency catheters. In patients with mitral stenosis, PBMV will be performed according to Inoue´s technique followed by wide antrum circumferential pulmonary vein isolation. In all patients, MRI/CT scans and fibrosis biomarkers will be obtained at baseline, 6 months and 1 year post ablation.

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Actual): 50

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Spain
  • Madrid, Spain, 28007
    • Felipe Atienza Fernandez

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

AF patients with different mechanisms of maintenance (i.e. paroxysmal, persistent, valvular) and clinical indication for AF ablation.

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients with paroxysmal AF symptomatic and refractory to at least one antiarrhythmic medication.
• Patients with persistent AF symptomatic and refractory to at least one antiarrhythmic medication.
• Patients with severe mitral stenosis (mitral valve area ≤1.5 cm2, stage D) and favorable valve morphology in the absence of left atrial thrombus or moderate-to-severe mitral regurgitation.
• Patients must be able and willing to provide written informed consent to participate in the study.
• Prior anticoagulation for> 4 weeks or transesophageal echocardiogram excluding intracardiac thrombi (in patients with paroxysmal AF).

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients with inadequate anticoagulation levels.
• Patients with left atrial thrombus, tumor, or another abnormality which precludes catheter introduction on TEE prior to the procedure.
• Patients with moderate-to-severe mitral regurgitation.
• Patients with contraindications to systemic anticoagulation with heparin or coumadin.
• Prior atrial fibrillation ablation.
• Patients who are or may potentially be pregnant.
• Contraindication for adenosine administration;
• Current enrollment in another investigational drug or device study.
• Pacemaker or Implantable Cardioverter Defibrillator.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Number of groups / cohorts

3

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort	Intervention / Treatment
- Patients with paroxysmal AF.; Patients with AF episodes that terminates spontaneously or with intervention in less than seven days with clinical indication of pulmonary vein ablation.	Procedure: Pulmonary vein ablation; Simultaneous biatrial endocardial electroanatomical mapping by high-density basket catheter (64 pin) and customized body surface mapping (57 electrodes) followed by circumferential pulmonary vein ablation.; Other Names: Mitral Valvuloplasty in patients with severe mitral stenosis
- Patients with persistent AF.; Patients with AF episodes that fails to self-terminate within seven days or require pharmacologic or electrical cardioversion to restore sinus rhythm with clinical indication of pulmonary vein ablation..	Procedure: Pulmonary vein ablation; Simultaneous biatrial endocardial electroanatomical mapping by high-density basket catheter (64 pin) and customized body surface mapping (57 electrodes) followed by circumferential pulmonary vein ablation.; Other Names: Mitral Valvuloplasty in patients with severe mitral stenosis
- Patients with mitral stenosis.; - Patients with mitral stenosis and clinical indication for AF ablation undergoing percutaneous balloon mitral valvuloplasty (PBMV) with clinical indication of pulmonary vein ablation..	Procedure: Pulmonary vein ablation; Simultaneous biatrial endocardial electroanatomical mapping by high-density basket catheter (64 pin) and customized body surface mapping (57 electrodes) followed by circumferential pulmonary vein ablation.; Other Names: Mitral Valvuloplasty in patients with severe mitral stenosis

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Time Frame
Freedom from atrial fibrillation off antiarrhythmic medications in patients with either paroxysmal, persistent AF or valvular stenosis AF.	12 months post-first ablation procedure

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Time Frame
Freedom from atrial fibrillation on or off antiarrhythmic medication post-first ablation procedure and after redo procedures.	at 6 and 12 months
Freedom from atrial fibrillation and other atrial arrhythmias post-first ablation procedure and after redo procedures.	at 6 and 12 months
Incidence of peri-procedural complications	during ablation procedure and 12 months after
Procedure duration	Duration of ablation procedure, and valvuloplasty if indicated, in minutes
Body surface recording analysis by 120 disposable electrodes distributed over the patient's chest and connected to the polygraph.	During ablation procedure, and valvuloplasty if indicated
Electroanatomic reconstruction and recordings of electrical activity: a three-dimensional reconstruction of atrium and coronary sinus is obtained using high density catheters and an electroanatomic navigation system.	During ablation procedure, and valvuloplasty if indicated
Atrial fibrosis determination using late gadolinium enhancement-MRI	At 6 and 12 months
Fluoroscopy time	During ablation procedure, and valvuloplasty if indicated, in minutes

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Hospital General Universitario Gregorio Marañon
• Collaborators: Instituto de Salud Carlos III; Universitat Politècnica de València
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Felipe Atienza, MD, Red de Investigación Cardiovascular

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Atienza F, Almendral J, Ormaetxe JM, Moya A, Martinez-Alday JD, Hernandez-Madrid A, Castellanos E, Arribas F, Arias MA, Tercedor L, Peinado R, Arcocha MF, Ortiz M, Martinez-Alzamora N, Arenal A, Fernandez-Aviles F, Jalife J; RADAR-AF Investigators. Comparison of radiofrequency catheter ablation of drivers and circumferential pulmonary vein isolation in atrial fibrillation: a noninferiority randomized multicenter RADAR-AF trial. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2014 Dec 16;64(23):2455-67. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2014.09.053.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): February 1, 2015
• Primary Completion (Actual): June 1, 2019
• Study Completion (Actual): June 1, 2019

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: June 30, 2015
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: July 10, 2015
• First Posted (Estimate): July 14, 2015

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): December 14, 2021
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: December 13, 2021
• Last Verified: December 1, 2021

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Atrial Fibrillation; Mitral stenosis; Pulmonary Vein Ablation; Body surface mapping
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Pathologic Processes; Heart Diseases; Cardiovascular Diseases; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Atrial Fibrillation
• Other Study ID Numbers: PERSONALIZE-AF