Efficacy Study of Rapid Immunoassay Diagnostic Test Utilizing PP12 and AFP, ROM Plus

The study is designed to establish the level of agreement between the ROM Plus test and the diagnosis of ROM as defined by the patient's clinical course, with respect to a population of pregnant women who present to the clinical site with signs and symptoms suggestive of ROM.

Study Overview

• Status: Unknown
• Conditions: PROM
• Intervention / Treatment: Device: Use of Rapid Immunoassay Tests for the Detection of PROM

Detailed Description

Premature rupture of membranes (PROM), defined as spontaneous rupture of membranes (ROM) before the onset of uterine contractions, is one of the most common diagnostic dilemmas in contemporary obstetrical practice. Premature rupture of membranes can occur at any gestational age, and preterm PROM (PPROM, defined as PROM before 37 weeks) is responsible for 20-40% of preterm births. Early and accurate diagnosis of PROM would allow for gestational age-specific obstetrical interventions designed to optimize perinatal outcome and minimize serious complications such as cord prolapse, preterm delivery, fetal distress and infectious morbidity (chorioamnionitis, neonatal sepsis). Conversely, a false-positive diagnosis of PROM may lead to unnecessary obstetric interventions, including hospitalization, administration of antibiotics and corticosteroids, and even induction of labor. Therefore, the correct and timely diagnosis of this disorder is of critical importance to the clinician because PROM and PPROM may be associated with serious maternal and neonatal consequences.

The diagnosis of fetal membrane rupture is conventionally made using a clinical assessment. The most common method of diagnosis includes the sterile speculum exam (SSE) which includes visual inspection of pooling of fluid in the posterior fornix, a nitrazine/pH testing of the vaginal environment, and a microscopic evaluation of the collected specimen (ferning). If during the sterile speculum exam, the clinician observes amniotic fluid leaking from the cervical os, then the diagnosis of rupture can be made without the three additional evaluations. Although the SSE approach is considered an acceptable standard, it requires an intrusive (speculum) examination and may not provide a rapid or accurate diagnosis.

The literature has shown the SSE to have limitations in terms of diagnostic accuracy, cost and technical ease. The test becomes progressively less accurate when more than one hour has elapsed after the membranes are ruptured. The nitrazine assessment, which is the most common method of determining the status of the membranes in hospitals today, has a sensitivity reported between 90-97%, but a specificity as low as 16-70%. The poor specificity is thought to be due to a high rate of false-positives caused by cervicitis, vaginitis, and contamination with blood, urine, semen and antiseptic agents. The reported sensitivity and specificity for the fern test are also less than adequate, at 51% and 70% respectively.

As a result, rapid, point of care, qualitative immunochromatographic tests (ie., ROM Plus®, Amnisure®) have recently gained popularity as aids in the diagnosis of fetal membrane rupture. These tests are designed to detect proteins found in amniotic fluid at high concentrations. One such test, ROM Plus, uses a unique monoclonal/polyclonal antibody approach to detect two different proteins found in amniotic fluid at high concentrations. ROM Plus detects Placental Protein-12 (PP-12, also known as Insulin-like Growth Factor Binding Protein-1) as well as Alpha Fetoprotein (AFP). The combination of PP12 and AFP were chosen not only because of their robust historical literature support as ideal protein markers for amniotic fluid, but also their unique characteristics. PP12 is synthesized by the decidua of the placenta and reaches a very high concentration level in the amniotic fluid early in the first trimester and stays at that level until delivery. AFP is synthesized by the fetal liver and yolk sac and reaches its peak concentration late in the second trimester/early third trimester. This increases the chance that the proteins will be detected, especially in the preterm patients, when the diagnosis of ROM is most crucial. Amnisure uses a monoclonal/monoclonal antibody approach to detect one protein, Placenta-Alpha Microglobulin-1 (PAMG-1).

This study is designed to assess the performance (sensitivity, specificity, PPV, NPV) of ROM Plus and Amnisure as compared to the standard clinical assessment including but not limited to nitrazine, ferning and/or sterile speculum exam confirmed by a thorough chart review after delivery.

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Actual): 324

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Delaware
    • Newark, Delaware, United States, 19713
      • Christiana Care Health Services
  • New Jersey
    • Camden, New Jersey, United States, 08103
      • Cooper Health System
  • Utah
    • Salt Lake City, Utah, United States, 84123
      • Intermountain Healthcare

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: Female

• Sampling Method: Probability Sample

Study Population

Pregnant women undergoing an evaluation for suspected ROM.

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Pregnant women >15 weeks gestation undergoing an evaluation for suspected ROM, as indicated by standard site procedures (multiple gestations will not be excluded).
• Patients (or their legal representatives) who are willing to voluntarily agree to sign a consent form.

Exclusion Criteria:

• Known placental previa
• Active vaginal bleeding (≥ menstrual period)
• Individuals < 18 years of age.
• Patients (or their legal representatives) who are unwilling to voluntarily agree to sign a consent form.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Observational Models: Cohort
• Time Perspectives: Prospective

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Time Frame
The level of agreement between the ROM Plus test and the diagnosis of ROM as defined by the patient's clinical course, with respect to a population of pregnant women who present to the clinical site with signs and symptoms suggestive of ROM	3 months

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Time Frame
Number of tests results from the ROM Plus test that provide the same result as the Amnisure test	3 months

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Clinical Innovations, LLC
• Investigators: Study Chair: Ross W McQuivey, MD, Clinical Innovations, LLC

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: August 1, 2015
• Primary Completion (Actual): May 1, 2016
• Study Completion (Anticipated): October 1, 2016

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: July 31, 2015
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: August 13, 2015
• First Posted (Estimate): August 17, 2015

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Estimate): August 9, 2016
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: August 5, 2016
• Last Verified: August 1, 2016

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Other Study ID Numbers: CI-002-RP

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No
• product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.: No