Treatment of Gingival Recession-type Defects Using Different Restorative Materials

May 27, 2016 updated by: Sıla Çağrı İşler, Gazi University

Clinical Evaluation of Combined Surgical/ Restorative Treatment of Gingival Recession-type Defects Using Different Restorative Materials

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the treatment of multiple gingival recessions associated with non-carious cervical lesions (NCCL) using a modified coronally advanced flap in combination with a sub-epithelial connective tissue graft (SCTG) on restored root surfaces.

Methods: Twenty-three systemically healthy subjects, who were positive for the presence of three cervical lesions associated with gingival recessions in three different adjacent teeth, were enrolled in the study. The NCCL were each restored prior to surgery by using one of three different materials: composite resin (group 1), resin-modified glass ionomer cement (group 2) or giomer (group 3). The defects were treated with SCTG. Clinical measurements, including plaque index (PI), bleeding on probing (BOP), relative recession height (rRH), probing depth (PD), cervical lesion height (CLH), relative clinical attachment level (rCAL), keratinized tissue height (KTH), keratinized tissue thickness (KTT), percentage of root coverage (RC), and percentage of cervical lesion height coverage (CLHC) were recorded at baseline, 3 and 6 months, and 1 year postoperatively.

Study Overview

Detailed Description

Gingival recession (GR) is defined as exposure of the root surface due to displacement of the gingival margin apical to the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ). Problems related to gingival recessions are dentin hypersensitivity, bacterial plaque accumulation, difficulty of maintaining oral health care and aesthetics, root caries and abrasions and fear of losing teeth6. Coronally advanced flap (CAF) is an effective periodontal plastic surgical procedure for the treatment of gingival recessions. The CAF with a subepithelial connective tissue graft (CAF+ SCTG) technique is reported as the gold standard and does enhance the probability of achieving complete root coverage.

Various dental materials and surgical approaches have been used to manage gingival recessions associated with cervical lesions for the most predictable combined surgical/restorative treatment.Restorative materials must be biocompatible to minimize their adverse effects on periodontal tissues induced by direct contact.Resin composites or resin modified glass ionomer cements have been commonly used to restore cervical lesions.Resin-ionomer materials have many properties such as biocompatibility with soft and hard tissues and displaying high marginal adaptation and minimal surface roughness as well as allowing them to be used successfully in the subgingival region. Composite resin materials have many advantages including aesthetics and surface characteristics in terms of finishing and polishing.

It has been reported that well-adapted and finished composite resins seem have no adverse effects on the periodontal margin. It has also been reported that the ageing of the composite resin restorations may produce gingival inflammation in subgingival areas. Fluoride-releasing resin materials with pre-reacted glass (PRG), called giomer, has been suggested to have good color matching, biocompatibility, smooth surface finish, fluoride release and fluoride recharge potential. It was reported in a randomized-controlled clinical trial that the use of CTG for treatment of root surfaces restored with giomer was effective over the 6-month period without any noxious effect on periodontal tissues.

Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate clinically the treatment of gingival recession associated with NCCL in resin modified glass ionomer cement (RMGI) or nano-filled resin composite (NRC) or giomer plus SCTG in the first year following surgery.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

18

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

18 years to 70 years (Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Genders Eligible for Study

All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  1. Positive for the presence of three cervical lesions associated with multiple gingival recessions in three different adjacent teeth excluding molars;
  2. Miller Class I gingival recession defect (≥2 and ≤5 mm) associated with buccal NCCL (lesion depth 1-2 mm);
  3. Non-smoker;
  4. Systemically and periodontally healthy;
  5. Not taking medications known to interfere with periodontal tissue health or healing;
  6. Probing depth (PD)≤3 mm;
  7. Presence of ≥1 mm highly keratinized tissue apical to the root exposure, and presence of ≥0.8 mm-thick gingival tissue;
  8. Absence of non-vital teeth, caries or restorations on cervical areas, severe occlusal interferences and previous surgery in the area.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • inflammatory periodontal disease; previous surgical attempt to correct gingival recession; systemic disease or severe immune deficiency; coagulation defect or current anticoagulation treatment; addiction to drugs; inability or unwillingness to complete the trial; lack of linguistic skills; psychiatric disorders; refusal to sign the informed consent form; pregnancy; molar or premolar teeth with furcation involvement.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Active Comparator: connective tissue graft+composite resin
connective tissue graft plus composite resin
treatment of gingival recession associated with cervical lesions with sub epithelial connective tissue graft plus composite resin
Active Comparator: connective tissue graft+ glass ionomer
connective tissue graft plus resin modified glass ionomer cement
treatment of gingival recession associated with cervical lesions with sub epithelial connective tissue graft plus resin modified glass ionomer cement
Active Comparator: connective tissue graft+giomer
connective tissue graft plus giomer
treatment of gingival recession associated with cervical lesions with sub epithelial connective tissue graft plus giomer

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
relative gingival recession height
Time Frame: one year post-op
measured as distance from the most apical point of gingival margin to the incisional border of the tooth
one year post-op

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
keratinized tissue width
Time Frame: one year
measured from most apical point of the gingival margin to the mucogingival junction
one year

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Sponsor

Investigators

  • Study Director: gonen ozcan, Ph D, Prof.dr.

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start

December 1, 2013

Primary Completion (Actual)

January 1, 2016

Study Completion (Actual)

February 1, 2016

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

May 27, 2016

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

May 27, 2016

First Posted (Estimate)

June 2, 2016

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Estimate)

June 2, 2016

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

May 27, 2016

Last Verified

May 1, 2016

More Information

Terms related to this study

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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