Clinical Trial of the BioMed rTSST-1 Variant Vaccine in Healthy Adults

Phase 2 Clinical Trial of the BioMed rTSST-1 Variant Vaccine in Healthy Adults

Toxic Shock Syndrome (TSS) is a severe condition with high morbidity and mortality from the hosts overwhelming inflammatory response and cytokine storm. Staphylococcal superantigen toxins are the main causative agents. Toxic shock syndrome toxin (TSST-1) being responsible for almost all of menstruation associated and more than 50% of all other cases. There is no specific therapy.

The aim of this study is to extend the safety and tolerability of two doses of the BioMed recombinant toxic shock syndrome toxin (rTSST-1) Variant Vaccine after one to three vaccinations in healthy adults. The second aim of the study is to measure immunogenicity and persistence of antibodies which produced in response to treatment with the BioMed rTSST-1 Variant Vaccine over a period of 12 months. These antibodies are expected to be important in prevention and mitigation of the diseases. 140 healthy adults, male and female, age 18-64 years will be assigned to 7 groups comprising two doses of the vaccine or adjuvant at the Department of Clinical Pharmacology of the Medical University of Vienna. The patients will be monitored for vital signs, hematology, clinical chemistry, and antibodies against TSST-1. Immunization will be repeated 3 months after the first with the same dose and 6 months after the second immunization in the respective groups.

Antibodies will be determined through monitoring TSST-1 binding antibodies as assessed through ELISA and neutralizing antibodies (exploratory endpoint) as assessed by inhibition of T cell activation (3H Thymidine incorporation; ≥ 50%).

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Toxic Shock Syndrome
• Intervention / Treatment: Biological: rTSST-1v

Detailed Description

The BioMed rTSST-1 Variant Vaccine has been developed by Biomedizinische ForschungsgmbH as one component of a polyvalent staphylococcal vaccine for the prevention of toxic shock and hyperimmunization of donors for the production of TSST-1 immunoglobulin.

This is a prospective, randomized, parallel control, phase 2 study of extended safety, local tolerance, immunogenicity, and TSST-1 antibody persistence in healthy adults, who have been vaccinated with one, two or three doses of the BioMed rTSST1 Variant Vaccine compared to adjuvant.

Over a period of 60 days prior to entry into the study, 145 male and female subjects 18 - 64 years in age will be screened for eligibility. Screening criteria will include physical examination, medical history, pregnancy/ adequate contraception in females, HIV Ab, hepatitis C virus antibodies (HCV Ab), hepatitis B antigen (HBs Ag) and TSST-1 Ab. 140 qualified subjects will be entered into the study.

Group 1 will receive 10 µg of rTSST-1 Variant Vaccine and two administrations of Adjuvant; Group 2 will receive the same dose of Vaccine twice and one dose of Adjuvant; and Group 3 will be injected the 10 µg of the Vaccine three times. Groups 4 to 6 will be given 100 µg of Vaccine following the same schedule. Group 7 will receive Al(OH3) adjuvant three times.

Prior to, and 24 h (+3 h) after each vaccination, the subjects will be examined for vital signs. Blood will be drawn for hematology, clinical chemistry tests, and C-reactive protein. Local reactions and adverse events will be assessed in all post vaccination visits.

The subjects will be followed up for a period of 3 months (± 2 weeks) or optionally 18 months (± 12 weeks) if they decide to take part in the long-term follow-up, during which they will return to the clinic every three months (± 2 weeks). Tests performed will include vital signs, local reactions, clinical chemistry, C-reactive protein. Adverse events will be recorded.

Binding and neutralizing TSST-1 antibodies will be determined prior to each vaccination and every three months during the treatment and follow-up periods.

Each participant will be in the study for 12 to 14, or optionally 24 months, if they decide to take part in the long-term follow-up.

Immunogenicity is defined by seroconversion from a TSST-1 Ab titer of < 20 to > 40 or a 4-fold increase in TSST-1 Ab titer. Neutralization will be defined as a three-fold increase of neutralization titer.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 140
• Phase: Phase 2

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Austria
  • Vienna, Austria, 1090
    • Medical University of Vienna Department of Clinical Pharmacology

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 64 years (Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• males or females aged 18-64 years
• signed informed consent
• physical exam: no abnormal findings unless considered irrelevant by the investigator
• uneventful medical history
• Females with childbearing potential: adequate contraception

Exclusion Criteria:

• females with childbearing potential: pregnancy, lactation or unreliable contraception
• positive HIV Ab and/or positive HCV Ab and/or positive HBsAG signs and symptoms of autoimmunity
• TSST-1 Ab titer > 1:1000
• current or recent (< 1 month) immunosuppressive therapy with corticosteroids or immunomodulators

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Sequential Assignment
• Masking: Quadruple

Number of Arms

7

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Dose Group 1; rTSST-1 Variant Candidate Vaccine 10µg Number of Immunizations: 1	Biological: rTSST-1v; Each subject of a total of seven groups will receive three injections (first injection day 0; second injection 3 months ± 4 weeks after the first, third injection 6 months ± 4 weeks after the second) of one of two different doses of Vaccine or Adjuvant, each group comprising 20 subjects. Subjects will be controlled 24 h post vaccination. Follow-up will last 18 months on the average, with visits every three months (± 2 weeks). Response to treatment is defined by seroconversion from a TSST-1 binding Ab titer of < 20 to > 40 or a 4-fold increase in TSST-1 binding Ab titer .
Experimental: Dose Group 2; rTSST-1 Variant Candidate Vaccine 10µg Number of Immunizations: 2	Biological: rTSST-1v; Each subject of a total of seven groups will receive three injections (first injection day 0; second injection 3 months ± 4 weeks after the first, third injection 6 months ± 4 weeks after the second) of one of two different doses of Vaccine or Adjuvant, each group comprising 20 subjects. Subjects will be controlled 24 h post vaccination. Follow-up will last 18 months on the average, with visits every three months (± 2 weeks). Response to treatment is defined by seroconversion from a TSST-1 binding Ab titer of < 20 to > 40 or a 4-fold increase in TSST-1 binding Ab titer .
Experimental: Dose Group 3; rTSST-1 Variant Candidate Vaccine 10µg Number of Immunizations: 3	Biological: rTSST-1v; Each subject of a total of seven groups will receive three injections (first injection day 0; second injection 3 months ± 4 weeks after the first, third injection 6 months ± 4 weeks after the second) of one of two different doses of Vaccine or Adjuvant, each group comprising 20 subjects. Subjects will be controlled 24 h post vaccination. Follow-up will last 18 months on the average, with visits every three months (± 2 weeks). Response to treatment is defined by seroconversion from a TSST-1 binding Ab titer of < 20 to > 40 or a 4-fold increase in TSST-1 binding Ab titer .
Experimental: Dose Group 4; rTSST-1 Variant Candidate Vaccine 100µg Number of Immunizations: 1	Biological: rTSST-1v; Each subject of a total of seven groups will receive three injections (first injection day 0; second injection 3 months ± 4 weeks after the first, third injection 6 months ± 4 weeks after the second) of one of two different doses of Vaccine or Adjuvant, each group comprising 20 subjects. Subjects will be controlled 24 h post vaccination. Follow-up will last 18 months on the average, with visits every three months (± 2 weeks). Response to treatment is defined by seroconversion from a TSST-1 binding Ab titer of < 20 to > 40 or a 4-fold increase in TSST-1 binding Ab titer .
Experimental: Dose Group 5; rTSST-1 Variant Candidate Vaccine 100µg Number of Immunizations: 2	Biological: rTSST-1v; Each subject of a total of seven groups will receive three injections (first injection day 0; second injection 3 months ± 4 weeks after the first, third injection 6 months ± 4 weeks after the second) of one of two different doses of Vaccine or Adjuvant, each group comprising 20 subjects. Subjects will be controlled 24 h post vaccination. Follow-up will last 18 months on the average, with visits every three months (± 2 weeks). Response to treatment is defined by seroconversion from a TSST-1 binding Ab titer of < 20 to > 40 or a 4-fold increase in TSST-1 binding Ab titer .
Experimental: Dose Group 6; rTSST-1 Variant Candidate Vaccine 100 µg Number of Immunizations: 3	Biological: rTSST-1v; Each subject of a total of seven groups will receive three injections (first injection day 0; second injection 3 months ± 4 weeks after the first, third injection 6 months ± 4 weeks after the second) of one of two different doses of Vaccine or Adjuvant, each group comprising 20 subjects. Subjects will be controlled 24 h post vaccination. Follow-up will last 18 months on the average, with visits every three months (± 2 weeks). Response to treatment is defined by seroconversion from a TSST-1 binding Ab titer of < 20 to > 40 or a 4-fold increase in TSST-1 binding Ab titer .
Placebo Comparator: Dose Group 7; Al(OH)3 Adjuvant, 1mg Number of Immunizations: 3	Biological: rTSST-1v; Each subject of a total of seven groups will receive three injections (first injection day 0; second injection 3 months ± 4 weeks after the first, third injection 6 months ± 4 weeks after the second) of one of two different doses of Vaccine or Adjuvant, each group comprising 20 subjects. Subjects will be controlled 24 h post vaccination. Follow-up will last 18 months on the average, with visits every three months (± 2 weeks). Response to treatment is defined by seroconversion from a TSST-1 binding Ab titer of < 20 to > 40 or a 4-fold increase in TSST-1 binding Ab titer .

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Time Frame
Number of Participants (Percentage) With Abnormal Laboratory Values and/or Adverse Events That Are Related to Treatment	12 months and 18 months follow up

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Number of Participants With a Fold Increase of ELISA IgG Against rTSST-1	Fold increase of antibody titer against rTSST-1 ELISA from prevaccination titer. Response to treatment is defined by seroconversion from a TSST-1 binding Ab titer of < 20 to > 40 or a 4-fold increase in TSST-1 binding Ab titer. Comparison with placebo comparator recipients.	12 months and 18 months follow up

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Biomedizinische Forschungs gmbH
• Collaborators: Medical University of Vienna
• Investigators: Study Director: Martha M Eibl, MD, Biomedizinische ForschungsgmbH

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Schwameis M, Roppenser B, Firbas C, Gruener CS, Model N, Stich N, Roetzer A, Buchtele N, Jilma B, Eibl MM. Safety, tolerability, and immunogenicity of a recombinant toxic shock syndrome toxin (rTSST)-1 variant vaccine: a randomised, double-blind, adjuvant-controlled, dose escalation first-in-man trial. Lancet Infect Dis. 2016 Sep;16(9):1036-1044. doi: 10.1016/S1473-3099(16)30115-3. Epub 2016 Jun 10.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start: May 1, 2016
• Primary Completion (Actual): May 1, 2020
• Study Completion (Actual): January 1, 2021

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: June 21, 2016
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: June 23, 2016
• First Posted (Estimate): June 28, 2016

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): January 4, 2022
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: December 14, 2021
• Last Verified: December 1, 2021

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Vaccination; Sepsis
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Pathologic Processes; Infections; Systemic Inflammatory Response Syndrome; Inflammation; Sepsis; Shock, Septic; Shock
• Other Study ID Numbers: BioMed 0515