Laser Fluorescence in Cancer Surgical Treatment

Use of Laser Fluorescence With Spy Elite, Pinpoint and Firefly Robotic Platform Systems in Cancer Surgical Treatment

The use of fluorescence for real-time evaluation of organ and tissue vascularization and lymph node anatomy is a recent technology with potential for the surgical treatment of cancer. The real-time analysis of tissue vascularization allows immediate identification to the surgeon of areas with greater or lesser blood circulation, favoring surgical decision making and prevention of complications related to tissue ischemia (necrosis, dehiscences and infections). It is a technology with potential application in the areas of Digestive Surgery, Repairing Plastic Surgery in Oncology, Head and Neck Surgery. In addition, fluorescence can be used as a method to identify lymph node structures of interest in the oncological treatment of patients with urologic, gynecological and digestive tumors.

Introduced by Pestana et al. In the late 2000s, the perfusion mapping system through intraoperative indocyanine assisted laser angiography (SPY Elite System © LifeCell Corp., Branchburg, N.J.) had its initial application in repairing surgery after breast cancer treatment. The method proved to be useful in the prevention of ischemic and infectious complications in cancer surgery. Pestana, in a prospective clinical series of 29 microsurgical flaps used in several reconstructions, observed a single case of partial loss of the flap, the present technology having a relevant role in intraoperative decision making. In the same year, Newman et al. The first application of the system in breast reconstruction surgery. In an initial series of 10 consecutive cases of reconstruction with microsurgical flaps, in 4 cases the system allowed the intraoperative identification of areas of low perfusion, thus changing the surgical procedure. According to the authors, there was a 95% correlation between indocyanine laser assisted and subsequent development of mastectomy skin necrosis, with sensitivity of 100% and specificity of 91%. Similarly, Murray et al. Evaluated the intraoperative perfusion, however, of the areola-papillary complex in patients submitted to subcutaneous mastectomies with satisfactory results in terms of predictability of cutaneous circulation. Other authors in larger clinical series and evaluating other procedures have observed valid results in terms of prevention of complications.

Vascular perfusion of anastomoses and fistulas following bowel surgery for cancer remain a serious and common complication. These fistulas can be caused by insufficient perfusion of the intestinal anastomosis. Intraoperative angiography with indocyanine assisted laser can be used to visualize the blood perfusion following intravenous injection of the indocyanine green contrast. Several groups reported the ability to assess blood perfusion of the anastomotic area after bowel surgery. Although they studied retrospectively, Kudszus and colleagues described a reduction in the risk of revision due to fistula in 60% of patients whose anastomosis was examined using laser fluorescence angiography compared to historically paired patients without this method. The same principle can be used to evaluate the tubulized stomach to be transposed to the cervical region after subtotal esophagectomy.

Currently, fluorescence-guided sentinel lymph node mapping has been studied in breast cancer as well as investigative character in colorectal cancer, skin cancer, cervical cancer, vulvar cancer, head and neck, lung cancer, penile cancer, cancer Endometrial cancer, gastric cancer and esophageal cancer.

These early studies demonstrated the feasibility of this methodology during surgery. Comparison of laser fluorescence images on blue dyes indicate that fluorescence images can replace blue dyes because they exceed them due to increased tissue penetration depth and absence of staining in the patient and cleaning of the operative field.

To date, there are no clinical studies involving intraoperative perfusion mapping and identification of lymph node structures with the SPY Elite System © system or other platforms (Pinpoint or Firefly) in Brazil that evaluate the Brazilian population. In an objective way the influence of this technology as predictive in the better or worse evolution of the oncologic surgery as well as in the prevention of the local ischemic complications by means of intraopeal change of conduct

Study Overview

• Status: Unknown
• Conditions: Head and Neck Cancer; Prostatic Neoplasms; Gastric Cancer; Esophageal Cancer; Breast Neoplasm; ColoRectal Cancer; Uterine Cancer
• Intervention / Treatment: Device: Green indocianine

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Anticipated): 270
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Brazil
  • São Paulo
    • Sao Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil, 01246-000
      • Recruiting
      • Ulysses Ribeiro Junior
      • Contact: Evelise P Zaidan; Phone Number: 55 11 38933546; Email: evelise.zaidan@hc.usp.br
      • Sub-Investigator: Marcus FKP Ramos, MD

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Patients with cancer and indication for one of the following surgeries:
• Low Anterior Resection
• Esophagectomy
• Lymphadenectomy
• Prostatectomy
• Pelvic or paraortic lymphadenectomy
• Surgery of head and neck with indication of supraclavicular flap
• Mastectomy followed by immediate or late breast reconstruction

Exclusion Criteria:

• Patients with a history of adverse reaction or known allergy to contrast, or iodine tinctures;
• Pregnant or lactating women.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Non-Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

3

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Indocyanine green in Conventional Oncological Surgery; Use of indocyanine green laser fluorescence angiography (AFLIICG) platforms (SPY-Elite) for conventional oncological surgeries	Device: Green indocianine; Laser fluorescence using green indocianine guiding the surgical procedure.
Experimental: Indocyanine green in minimally invasive Oncological Surgery; Use of indocyanine green laser fluorescence angiography (AFLIICG) platforms (Pinpoint) for minimally invasive oncological surgeries	Device: Green indocianine; Laser fluorescence using green indocianine guiding the surgical procedure.
Experimental: Indocyanine green in robot-assisted Oncological Surgery; Use of indocyanine green laser fluorescence angiography (AFLIICG) platforms (Firefly) for robot-assisted oncological surgeries	Device: Green indocianine; Laser fluorescence using green indocianine guiding the surgical procedure.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Intestinal Anastomosis Fistula	Intestinal Anastomosis Fistula Rate in oncologic resection of intestinal tumors	3 years
Esophageal fistula	Esophageal reconstruction fistula rate in esophagectomies	3 years
positive lymph nodes	The number of fluorescence-positive lymph nodes per patient	3 years
lymph nodes detected by pathology	The number of lymph nodes detected by pathology per patient	3 years
Mastectomy Skin Necrosis	Mastectomy Skin Necrosis Rate in Breast Reconstructions	3 years
Breast Implant Extrusion	Breast Implant Extrusion Rate in Breast Reconstructions	3 years
Surgical Site Infection in Breast Reconstructions	Surgical Site Infection Rate in Breast Reconstructions	3 years
Skin Necrosis in Head and Neck Reconstruction	Skin Necrosis Rate in Supraclavicular snip in Head and Neck Reconstruction	3 years

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Instituto do Cancer do Estado de São Paulo
• Collaborators: Ministry of Health, Brazil; Fundação Faculdade de Medicina
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Ulysses Ribeiro, MD, Instituto do Cancer do Estado de São Paulo

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): July 12, 2016
• Primary Completion (Actual): October 12, 2017
• Study Completion (Anticipated): December 10, 2020

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: January 4, 2017
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: January 11, 2017
• First Posted (Estimate): January 13, 2017

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): November 12, 2019
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 8, 2019
• Last Verified: November 1, 2019

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Skin Diseases; Urogenital Neoplasms; Neoplasms by Site; Genital Neoplasms, Female; Uterine Diseases; Genital Neoplasms, Male; Breast Diseases; Prostatic Diseases; Neoplasms; Breast Neoplasms; Prostatic Neoplasms; Uterine Neoplasms
• Other Study ID Numbers: NP953/16

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO