Study of PDR001 and/or MBG453 in Combination With Decitabine in Patients With AML or High Risk MDS

Phase 1b, Multi-arm, Open-label Study of PDR001 and/or MBG453 in Combination With Decitabine in Patients With Acute Myeloid Leukemia or High Risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome

To characterize the safety and tolerability of 1) MBG453 as a single agent or in combination with PDR001 or 2) PDR001 and/or MBG453 in combination with decitabine or azacitidine in AML and intermediate or high- risk MDS patients, and to identify recommended doses for future studies.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Myelodysplastic Syndromes; Bone Marrow Diseases; Hematologic Diseases; Leukemia; Leukemia, Myeloid; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute; Preleukemia; Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: Decitabine; Drug: PDR001; Drug: MBG453; Drug: Azacitidine

Detailed Description

This is a phase 1b, multi-arm, open-label study in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or intermediate or high risk myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). Patients with myelodysplastic-myeloproliferative neoplasms (MDS/MPN), including chronic myelomonocytic leukemia (CMML) could also be enrolled.

The study was comprised of six arms as described below. Arms 1-3 enrolled patients with newly diagnosed AML who were planned for non-intensive chemotherapy, relapsed/refractory (R/R) AML, or intermediate or high-risk MDS.

• Arm 1: Evaluation of a fixed dose of the standard of care agent decitabine in combination with fixed dose PDR001.
• Arm 2: Evaluation of a fixed dose of the standard of care agent decitabine in combination with escalating dose MBG453.
• Arm 3: Evaluation of a fixed dose of the standard of care agent decitabine in combination with fixed dose PDR001 and escalating dose MBG453.

Arms 4-5 enrolled patients with R/R AML or intermediate or high-risk MDS who had failed hypomethylating agent therapy.

• Arm 4: Evaluation of an escalating dose of MBG453
• Arm 5: Evaluation of an escalating dose of MBG453 in combination with fixed dose PDR001 Arm 6 enrolled patients with newly diagnosed AML who were planned for non-intensive chemotherapy, or intermediate or high-risk MDS.
• Arm 6: Evaluation of a fixed dose of the standard of care agent azacitidine in combination with an escalating dose of MBG453.

Patients received the assigned treatment until disease progression, unacceptable toxicity, start of a new anti-neoplastic therapy, discontinuation at the discretion of the investigator or patient, lost to follow-up, death, or the study termination, whichever occurred first.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 241
• Phase: Phase 1

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• Australia
  • Victoria
    • Melbourne, Victoria, Australia, 3004
      • Novartis Investigative Site
• Finland
  • Helsinki, Finland, FIN 00290
    • Novartis Investigative Site
• France
  • Marseille, France, 13273
    • Novartis Investigative Site
• Germany
  • Dresden, Germany, 01307
    • Novartis Investigative Site
  • Jena, Germany, 07740
    • Novartis Investigative Site
• Netherlands
  • Amsterdam, Netherlands, 1081 HV
    • Novartis Investigative Site
• Spain
  • Catalunya
    • Barcelona, Catalunya, Spain, 08036
      • Novartis Investigative Site
• United Kingdom
  • Cardiff, United Kingdom, CF4 4XN
    • Novartis Investigative Site
• United States
  • Massachusetts
    • Boston, Massachusetts, United States, 02114
      • Massachusetts General Hospital
  • Oregon
    • Portland, Oregon, United States, 97239
      • Oregon Health Sciences University Main Center
  • Texas
    • Houston, Texas, United States, 77030
      • MD Anderson Cancer Center

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Written informed consent must be obtained prior to any screening procedures

2. Male or female patients ≥ 18 years of age who present with one of the following:

   Arms 1-3:

   • Relapsed/refractory AML following ≥1 prior therapies who have relapsed or exhibited refractory disease (primary failure) and are deemed by the investigator not to be candidates for standard therapy, including re-induction with cytarabine or other established chemotherapy regimens for patients with AML (patients who are suitable for standard re-induction chemotherapy or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and willing to receive it are excluded)
   • Newly diagnosed AML patients who are suitable for treatment with decitabine (patients who are suitable for standard induction chemotherapy or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and willing to receive it are excluded)
   • Intermediate or high risk MDS or MDS/MPN including CMML (patients who are suitable for standard re-induction chemotherapy or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and willing to receive it are excluded)

   Arms 4-5:

   • Refractory / relapsed AML following ≥1 prior therapies (Arms 4a & 5a)
   • Intermediate or high risk MDS or MDS/MPN including CMML who have failed hypomethylating agent therapy (Arms 4b & 5b) (Note: hypomethylating agent failure is defined as progressive disease on hypomethylating agent therapy or lack of clinically meaningful response as deemed by investigator after at least 4 cycles of hypomethylating agent therapy.)

   Arm 6:

   • Newly diagnosed AML patients who are suitable for treatment with azacitidine (patients who are suitable for standard induction chemotherapy or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and willing to receive it are excluded) (Arm 6a)
   • Intermediate or high-risk MDS or MDS/MPN including CMML (patients who are suitable for standard induction chemotherapy or hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and willing to receive it are excluded) (Arm 6b)
3. Patient has an Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status ≤ 2
4. Patient must be a candidate for serial bone marrow aspirate and/or biopsy according to the institutions guidelines and be willing to undergo a bone marrow aspirate and/biopsy at screening, during and at the end of therapy on this study. Exceptions may be considered after documented discussion with Novartis.
5. Arms 1-3: Patients must be fit for standard treatment with decitabine as determined by the investigator and as per local decitabine package insert.
6. Arm 6: Patients must be fit for standard treatment with azacitidine as determined by the investigator and as per the local azacitidine package insert.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Arms 1-3 or Arm 6: Patients who have received prior hypomethylating agent treatment for AML or MDS.
2. Patients with active, known or suspected autoimmune disease. Patients with vitiligo, type I diabetes, residual hypothyroidism only requiring hormone replacement, psoriasis not requiring systemic treatment or conditions not expected to recur should not be excluded.
3. History of, or current drug-induced interstitial lung disease or pneumonitis grade ≥ 2.
4. Patients who discontinued prior PD-1 or PD-L1 directed therapy due to a treatment related toxicity should not be included in the PDR001 containing arms of the study. Patients previously exposed to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 treatment who are adequately treated for skin rash or with replacement therapy for endocrinopathies should not be excluded.
5. Systemic antineoplastic therapy (including cytotoxic chemotherapy, alphainterferon, kinase inhibitors or other targeted small molecules, and toxinimmunoconjugates) or any experimental therapy within 14 days or 5 half-lives, whichever is shorter, before the first dose of study treatment.
6. Systemic chronic corticosteroid therapy (>10 mg/day prednisone or equivalent) or any immunosuppressive therapy within 7 days of first dose of study treatment. Topical, inhaled, nasal and ophthalmic steroids are allowed.

Other protocol-defined inclusion/exclusion criteria may apply.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: Non-Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

6

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Decitabine and PDR001; Decitabine in combination with PDR001	Drug: Decitabine; Decitabine is a cytidine deoxynucleoside analogue that selectively inhibits DNA methyltransferases at low doses, resulting in gene promoter hypomethylation.; Other Names: 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine; Drug: PDR001; PDR001 is a high-affinity, ligand-blocking, humanized IgG4 monoclonal antibody directed against PD-1 that blocks the binding of PD-L1 and PD-L2.; Other Names: spartalizumab
Experimental: Decitabine and MBG453; Decitabine in combination with MBG453	Drug: Decitabine; Decitabine is a cytidine deoxynucleoside analogue that selectively inhibits DNA methyltransferases at low doses, resulting in gene promoter hypomethylation.; Other Names: 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine; Drug: MBG453; MBG453 is a high-affinity, humanized anti-TIM-3 IgG4 monoclonal antibody which blocks the binding of TIM-3 to phosphatidylserine (PtdSer).; Other Names: sabatolimab
Experimental: Decitabine, PDR001 and MBG453; Decitabine in combination with PDR001 and MBG453	Drug: Decitabine; Decitabine is a cytidine deoxynucleoside analogue that selectively inhibits DNA methyltransferases at low doses, resulting in gene promoter hypomethylation.; Other Names: 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine; Drug: PDR001; PDR001 is a high-affinity, ligand-blocking, humanized IgG4 monoclonal antibody directed against PD-1 that blocks the binding of PD-L1 and PD-L2.; Other Names: spartalizumab; Drug: MBG453; MBG453 is a high-affinity, humanized anti-TIM-3 IgG4 monoclonal antibody which blocks the binding of TIM-3 to phosphatidylserine (PtdSer).; Other Names: sabatolimab
Experimental: MBG453; MBG453 alone	Drug: MBG453; MBG453 is a high-affinity, humanized anti-TIM-3 IgG4 monoclonal antibody which blocks the binding of TIM-3 to phosphatidylserine (PtdSer).; Other Names: sabatolimab
Experimental: MBG453 and PDR001; MBG453 in combination with PDR001	Drug: PDR001; PDR001 is a high-affinity, ligand-blocking, humanized IgG4 monoclonal antibody directed against PD-1 that blocks the binding of PD-L1 and PD-L2.; Other Names: spartalizumab; Drug: MBG453; MBG453 is a high-affinity, humanized anti-TIM-3 IgG4 monoclonal antibody which blocks the binding of TIM-3 to phosphatidylserine (PtdSer).; Other Names: sabatolimab
Experimental: Azacitidine and MBG453; Azacitidine in combination with MBG453	Drug: MBG453; MBG453 is a high-affinity, humanized anti-TIM-3 IgG4 monoclonal antibody which blocks the binding of TIM-3 to phosphatidylserine (PtdSer).; Other Names: sabatolimab; Drug: Azacitidine; Azacitidine (5-azacytidine) is a cytidine nucleoside analogue that selectively inhibits DNA methyltransferases at low doses, resulting in gene promoter hypomethylation; Other Names: 5-azacytidine

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Safety of MBG453 single agent treatment or MBG453 in combination with PDR001 or PDR001 and/or MBG453 in combination with decitabine or azacitidine.	Incidence and severity of AEs and SAEs	24 months
Incidence of Dose Limiting Toxicities (DLTs)	The incidence of DLTs during the first two cycles of treatment with MBG453 in combination with PDR001 or PDR001 and/or MBG453 in combination with decitabine.	2 months
Incidence of Dose Limiting Toxicities (DLTs)	The incidence of DLTs during the first cycle of MBG453 single agent treatment or during the first two cycles of treatment with MBG453 in combination with PDR001 or PDR001 and/or MBG453 in combination with decitabine.	1 month
Tolerability of MBG453 single agent treatment or MBG453 in combination with PDR001 or PDR001 and/or MBG453 in combination with decitabine or azacitidine.	Incidence and severity of AEs and SAEs	24 months

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
AUC of PDR001, MBG453, decitabine and azacitidine.	AUC	24 months
Cmax of PDR001, MBG453, decitabine and azacitidine	Cmax	24 months
Tmax of PDR001, MBG453, decitabine and azacitidine	Tmax	24 months
Half-life of PDR001, MBG453, decitabine and azacitidine	Half-life	24 months
Overall Response Rate (ORR)	Determine ORR in each arm of the study	24 months
Best Overall Response (BOR)	Determine BOR in each arm of the study	24 months
Progression Free Survival (PFS)	Determine PFS in each arm of the study	24 months
Time to Progression (TTP)	Determine TTP in each arm of the study	24 months
Duration of Response (DOR)	Determine DOR in each arm of the study	24 months
Number of participants with anti-PDR001 and anti-MBG453 antibodies	Presence of anti-PDR001 and anti-MBG453 antibodies.	24 months

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Novartis Pharmaceuticals
• Investigators: Study Director: Novartis Pharmaceuticals, Novartis Pharmaceuticals

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): July 6, 2017
• Primary Completion (Actual): September 8, 2023
• Study Completion (Actual): September 8, 2023

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: February 18, 2017
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: February 23, 2017
• First Posted (Actual): February 28, 2017

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): October 2, 2023
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: September 28, 2023
• Last Verified: September 1, 2023

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Acute Myeloid Leukemia; Chronic Myelomonocytic Leukemia; Myelodysplastic syndromes
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Pathologic Processes; Neoplasms by Histologic Type; Neoplasms; Disease Attributes; Disease; Precancerous Conditions; Myelodysplastic-Myeloproliferative Diseases; Chronic Disease; Syndrome; Myelodysplastic Syndromes; Leukemia; Leukemia, Myeloid; Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute; Preleukemia; Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Chronic; Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Juvenile; Hematologic Diseases; Bone Marrow Diseases; Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action; Enzyme Inhibitors; Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; Antimetabolites; Antineoplastic Agents; Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological; Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors; Decitabine; Azacitidine; Spartalizumab
• Other Study ID Numbers: CPDR001X2105; 2016-005060-33 (EudraCT Number)

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: NO

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: Yes
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No