A Pilot Study of Edoxaban in Patients With Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation and Left Atrial Appendage Closure

This is a single arm, open label, single site study assessing the feasibility of post-procedural edoxaban therapy in atrial fibrillation (AF) patients after clinically indicated WATCHMAN left atrial appendage (LAA) closure.

Study Overview

• Status: Unknown
• Conditions: Non-Valvular Atrial Fibrillation; Left Atrial Appendage Closure
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: Edoxaban; Device: WATCHMAN LAA Closure; Drug: Aspirin and Clopidogrel; Drug: Aspirin and Warfarin

Detailed Description

This is a single site, PI initiated pilot study. This study will enroll up to 75 patients who are clinically indicated for a Left Atrial Appendage (LAA) closure with the commercially available WATCHMAN device. Subjects will be enrolled if they meet study inclusion/exclusion criteria and have a successful LAA closure. All patients enrolled in the study will receive 6 weeks of edoxaban therapy. At 6 weeks post LAA closure a Transesophageal Echocardiography (TEE) will be performed. If the result is acceptable, edoxaban will be discontinued and the patient will be treated with dual antiplatelet therapy (aspirin and clopidogrel) until 6 month follow-up. After study completion, patients may be treated with aspirin monotherapy according to the FDA instructions for use for the WATCHMAN device, or according to operator discretion.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Anticipated): 75
• Phase: Phase 4

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • California
    • La Jolla, California, United States, 92037
      • Recruiting
      • Scripps Health
      • Contact: Heather Catchpole; Phone Number: 858-824-4248; Email: Catchpole.Heather@scrippshealth.org

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• The patient has documented paroxysmal, persistent, or permanent non-valvular AF (i.e., the patient has not been diagnosed with rheumatic mitral valve disease).
• LAA closure with the WATCHMAN device is planned
• The patient fulfills the FDA indication for WATCHMAN LAA closure
• The patient or legal representative is able to understand and willing to provide written informed consent to participate in the trial
• The patient is able and willing to return for required follow-up visits and examinations.
• The patient is 18 years of age or older

Exclusion Criteria:

• Conditions other than atrial fibrillation that require anti-coagulation (e.g., a prosthetic heart valve)
• Stroke within the previous 7 days
• Hypersensitivity to edoxaban
• Moderate or severe mitral stenosis
• A need for aspirin at a dose of >81 mg a day
• A need for on-going treatment with dual antiplatelet therapy with aspirin and clopidogrel
• A need for on-going treatment with ticagrelor or prasugrel
• No LAA closure device implanted during procedure
• Procedural complication of LAA closure (e.g., stroke, systemic embolism, bleeding, vascular complication [e.g., groin hematoma >10cm, AV fistula, or pseudoaneurysm), or serious pericardial effusion)
• Planned surgery or invasive procedure within 6±2 weeks of enrollment

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: N/A
• Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

1

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm

Intervention / Treatment

Other: Edoxaban Arm; All patients enrolled in the study will receive 6 weeks of edoxaban therapy, at which time a TEE will be performed. If the result is acceptable, edoxaban will be discontinued, and the patient will be treated with dual antiplatelet therapy (aspirin and clopidogrel) until 6 month follow-up. If device thrombus is present at 6 week TEE, patient will be transitioned to aspirin and adjusted-dose warfarin and LAA reassessed by TEE in 6 weeks; further warfarin will be continued according to operator preference. Subjects will have a 6 month follow-up visit prior to study completion. After study completion, patients may be treated with aspirin monotherapy according to the FDA instructions for use for the WATCHMAN device, or according to operator discretion.

Drug: Edoxaban; Edoxaban 60mg once daily in patients with CrCl >50- ≤95 mL/min, or 30mg once daily in patients with CrCL 15-50 mL/min. If at 6 week TEE LAA closure is deemed acceptable by the operator (i.e., peri-device flow <5mm), edoxaban will be discontinued. Aspirin 81mg daily and clopidogrel 75mg daily will be administered until 6-month follow-up, then clopidogrel will be discontinued. If LAA unacceptable on 6-week TEE due to peri-device flow ≥5mm, edoxaban will be continued for an additional 6 weeks, and LAA reassessed by TEE If device thrombus is present at 6-week TEE, patient will be transitioned to aspirin 81 mg daily and adjusted-dose warfarin (goal INR, 2.0-3.0), and LAA reassessed by TEE in 6 weeks; further warfarin will be continued according to operator preference.; Other Names: Savaysa; Device: WATCHMAN LAA Closure; Per Inclusion Criteria, enrolled subjects must have a successful Left Atrial Appendage (LAA) Closure using the WATCHMAN Device; Drug: Aspirin and Clopidogrel; If at 6 week TEE LAA closure is deemed acceptable by the operator edoxaban will be discontinued, and aspirin 81mg daily and clopidogrel 75mg daily will be administered until 6-month follow-up. Then clopidogrel will be discontinued. Aspirin 325mg daily rather than 81mg daily can be administered according to operator preference after the 6-week follow-up visit.; Drug: Aspirin and Warfarin; If device thrombus is present at 6-week TEE, patient will be transitioned to aspirin 81 mg daily and adjusted-dose warfarin (goal INR, 2.0-3.0), and LAA reassessed by TEE in 6 weeks; further warfarin will be continued according to operator preference.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Death, stroke, systemic embolism or GUSTO outcomes	Composite of death, stroke, systemic embolism, or GUSTO moderate/severe bleeding will be collected at 6 weeks post-WATCHMAN LAA closure	6 weeks

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Death, stroke, or systematic embolism outcomes	Composite of death, stroke, or systemic embolism at 6 weeks and 6 months	6 weeks and 6 months
Death, stroke, or systematic embolism or GUSTO outcomes	Composite of death, stroke, systemic embolism or GUSTO moderate/severe bleeding at 6 months	6 months
Device thrombus oucomes	TEE-confirmed device thrombus (according to core laboratory) at 6 weeks	6 weeks
TEE peri-device flow outcomes	Rate of peri-device flow >=5mm at 6 week follow-up TEE	6 weeks
GUSTO mild, moderate, severe, and GUSTO moderate/severe bleeding outcomes	Individual endpoints of GUSTO mild, moderate, severe, and GUSTO moderate/severe bleeding at 6 weeks and 6 months	6 weeks and 6 months
Premature discontinuation rate of study drug	Premature discontinuation rate of study drug before 6-week visit	6 weeks
Bleeding outcomes	Bleeding according to the months Bleeding Academic Research Consortium (BARC) criteria at 6 weeks and 6 months	6 weeks and 6 months

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Scripps Health
• Collaborators: Daiichi Sankyo, Inc.
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Matthew J Price, MD, Scripps Health

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Mehran R, Rao SV, Bhatt DL, Gibson CM, Caixeta A, Eikelboom J, Kaul S, Wiviott SD, Menon V, Nikolsky E, Serebruany V, Valgimigli M, Vranckx P, Taggart D, Sabik JF, Cutlip DE, Krucoff MW, Ohman EM, Steg PG, White H. Standardized bleeding definitions for cardiovascular clinical trials: a consensus report from the Bleeding Academic Research Consortium. Circulation. 2011 Jun 14;123(23):2736-47. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.110.009449. No abstract available.
• Connolly SJ, Eikelboom J, Joyner C, Diener HC, Hart R, Golitsyn S, Flaker G, Avezum A, Hohnloser SH, Diaz R, Talajic M, Zhu J, Pais P, Budaj A, Parkhomenko A, Jansky P, Commerford P, Tan RS, Sim KH, Lewis BS, Van Mieghem W, Lip GY, Kim JH, Lanas-Zanetti F, Gonzalez-Hermosillo A, Dans AL, Munawar M, O'Donnell M, Lawrence J, Lewis G, Afzal R, Yusuf S; AVERROES Steering Committee and Investigators. Apixaban in patients with atrial fibrillation. N Engl J Med. 2011 Mar 3;364(9):806-17. doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1007432. Epub 2011 Feb 10.
• Reddy VY, Mobius-Winkler S, Miller MA, Neuzil P, Schuler G, Wiebe J, Sick P, Sievert H. Left atrial appendage closure with the Watchman device in patients with a contraindication for oral anticoagulation: the ASAP study (ASA Plavix Feasibility Study With Watchman Left Atrial Appendage Closure Technology). J Am Coll Cardiol. 2013 Jun 25;61(25):2551-6. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2013.03.035. Epub 2013 Apr 10.
• ACTIVE Writing Group of the ACTIVE Investigators; Connolly S, Pogue J, Hart R, Pfeffer M, Hohnloser S, Chrolavicius S, Pfeffer M, Hohnloser S, Yusuf S. Clopidogrel plus aspirin versus oral anticoagulation for atrial fibrillation in the Atrial fibrillation Clopidogrel Trial with Irbesartan for prevention of Vascular Events (ACTIVE W): a randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2006 Jun 10;367(9526):1903-12. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(06)68845-4.
• Price MJ, Valderrabano M. Left atrial appendage closure to prevent stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation. Circulation. 2014 Jul 8;130(2):202-12. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.114.009060. No abstract available.
• Price MJ, Holmes DR. Mechanical closure devices for atrial fibrillation. Trends Cardiovasc Med. 2014 Aug;24(6):225-31. doi: 10.1016/j.tcm.2014.06.001. Epub 2014 Jun 8.
• Xu H, Ruff CT, Giugliano RP, Murphy SA, Nordio F, Patel I, Shi M, Mercuri M, Antman EM, Braunwald E. Concomitant Use of Single Antiplatelet Therapy With Edoxaban or Warfarin in Patients With Atrial Fibrillation: Analysis From the ENGAGE AF-TIMI48 Trial. J Am Heart Assoc. 2016 Feb 23;5(2):e002587. doi: 10.1161/JAHA.115.002587.
• Dans AL, Connolly SJ, Wallentin L, Yang S, Nakamya J, Brueckmann M, Ezekowitz M, Oldgren J, Eikelboom JW, Reilly PA, Yusuf S. Concomitant use of antiplatelet therapy with dabigatran or warfarin in the Randomized Evaluation of Long-Term Anticoagulation Therapy (RE-LY) trial. Circulation. 2013 Feb 5;127(5):634-40. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.112.115386. Epub 2012 Dec 27.
• Lamberts M, Gislason GH, Lip GY, Lassen JF, Olesen JB, Mikkelsen AP, Sorensen R, Kober L, Torp-Pedersen C, Hansen ML. Antiplatelet therapy for stable coronary artery disease in atrial fibrillation patients taking an oral anticoagulant: a nationwide cohort study. Circulation. 2014 Apr 15;129(15):1577-85. doi: 10.1161/CIRCULATIONAHA.113.004834. Epub 2014 Jan 27.
• Price MJ, Reddy VY, Valderrabano M, Halperin JL, Gibson DN, Gordon N, Huber KC, Holmes DR Jr. Bleeding Outcomes After Left Atrial Appendage Closure Compared With Long-Term Warfarin: A Pooled, Patient-Level Analysis of the WATCHMAN Randomized Trial Experience. JACC Cardiovasc Interv. 2015 Dec 28;8(15):1925-1932. doi: 10.1016/j.jcin.2015.08.035. Epub 2015 Nov 25.
• Lopes RD, Al-Khatib SM, Wallentin L, Yang H, Ansell J, Bahit MC, De Caterina R, Dorian P, Easton JD, Erol C, Ezekowitz JA, Gersh BJ, Granger CB, Hohnloser SH, Horowitz J, Hylek EM, McMurray JJ, Mohan P, Vinereanu D, Alexander JH. Efficacy and safety of apixaban compared with warfarin according to patient risk of stroke and of bleeding in atrial fibrillation: a secondary analysis of a randomised controlled trial. Lancet. 2012 Nov 17;380(9855):1749-58. doi: 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)60986-6. Epub 2012 Oct 2. Erratum In: Lancet. 2013 Jan 19;381(9862):204.
• Bosche LI, Afshari F, Schone D, Ewers A, Mugge A, Gotzmann M. Initial Experience With Novel Oral Anticoagulants During the First 45 Days After Left Atrial Appendage Closure With the Watchman Device. Clin Cardiol. 2015 Dec;38(12):720-4. doi: 10.1002/clc.22478. Epub 2015 Oct 14.
• Price MJ. Left atrial appendage occlusion with the WATCHMAN for stroke prevention in atrial fibrillation. Rev Cardiovasc Med. 2014;15(2):142-51. doi: 10.3909/ricm0733.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): March 23, 2017
• Primary Completion (Anticipated): November 30, 2018
• Study Completion (Anticipated): December 31, 2019

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: March 9, 2017
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 17, 2017
• First Posted (Actual): March 23, 2017

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): July 11, 2017
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: July 7, 2017
• Last Verified: July 1, 2017

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Edoxaban; WATCHMAN device
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Pathologic Processes; Heart Diseases; Cardiovascular Diseases; Arrhythmias, Cardiac; Atrial Fibrillation; Physiological Effects of Drugs; Neurotransmitter Agents; Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action; Peripheral Nervous System Agents; Enzyme Inhibitors; Analgesics; Sensory System Agents; Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; Anti-Inflammatory Agents; Antirheumatic Agents; Fibrinolytic Agents; Fibrin Modulating Agents; Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; Antipyretics; Purinergic P2Y Receptor Antagonists; Purinergic P2 Receptor Antagonists; Purinergic Antagonists; Purinergic Agents; Protease Inhibitors; Factor Xa Inhibitors; Antithrombins; Serine Proteinase Inhibitors; Anticoagulants; Aspirin; Clopidogrel; Edoxaban; Warfarin
• Other Study ID Numbers: IRB-17-6931

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: UNDECIDED

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: Yes
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No
• product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.: No