Should Graf IIc Hips be Treated for 12 Weeks

October 18, 2023 updated by: University of Colorado, Denver

How Should Stable Graf Type IIc Hips be Treated With Pavlik Harness?

Children who are diagnosed with Developmental Hip Dysplasia (DDH) are often categorized depending on the severity of their hip malformation. Regardless of the severity, the accepted form of treatment is the Pavlik Harness. Unfortunately, there is no specific recommended treatment regarding length of Pavlik Harness treatment for patients with DDH who have who have been categorized with stable Graf type IIc hips. The investigators will aim to answer this question with a randomized controlled trial of patients with these specific findings by dividing selected patients into 2 arms. Each arm consists of varying lengths of Pavlik harness treatment (treatment to normalization, no less than 6 weeks or 12 weeks full-time). Patient's two year follow up radiographs will determine the best means of treatment.

Study Overview

Detailed Description

Developmental Dysplasia of the Hip is a thoroughly researched and manageable disease if treated correctly. While the literature agrees that Pavlik Harness treatment is the best means of treatment, there is still a lack of research regarding those patients who have stable Graf type IIc hips. Graf's classification method outlines the severity of dysplasia with a categorical method based on physical exam and ultrasound findings with a range of I-IV given in increasing order of severity. There are recommendations for how to treat more severe forms, but there is no consensus among orthopedic surgeons on how to specifically treat type IIc hips who present with stable hips.

Patients ages (0-18 weeks) of age will be recruited who present with stable Graf type IIc hips that have normal exam and abnormal ultrasound. The investigator's designated hip clinic defines normal exam as Ortolani and Barlow negative hips. Alpha angle will be used to determine normalcy on ultrasound. Abnormal ultrasound will be defined as an alpha angle <60 degrees, and less than 50% coverage and is justification in the facility for entrance into our designated hip protocol.

Upon meeting inclusion/exclusion criteria, patients diagnosed with IIc hips will be placed in the harness around 6 weeks of age. Patient consents will ensue at their 6 week follow up and will randomly divide patients into one of two arms: one control group which will receive the standard 12 week full-time protocol for Pavlik Harness treatment used at the institution, and one experimental group which will receive full-time Pavlik Harness treatment until normalization, but for no less than 6 weeks. All patients will be required to follow up at week 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12, then at 6 months, one year, and two years from the time of harness placement. Ultrasounds will take place at week 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 and 6 months; radiographs will be taken at patients 6 month, one year and two year follow ups due to ossification of the femoral head. Acetabular Index (AI) at two-year radiographs will be used as the primary outcome variable.

Patients in the 6 week arm will only cease treatment if ultrasound and physical exam findings are acceptable. If patients fail to have acceptable ultrasound findings at 6 weeks, then the associated complication/failure will be noted, patients will be ineligible for study inclusion, and will continue with treatment to ensure hip reduction.

At routine follow ups, providers will note patient alpha angles on ultrasound at weeks 1,2,3,4,6, 8, 10, and 12 weeks. Since infant hips mature and may not be as visible on ultrasound around 6 months of age, acetabular indices on radiographs will be taken to measure patient hips at 6 month, 1 year, and 2 year follow ups. These images will be analyzed from within EPIC after patient visits and data information will be stored in RedCAP until the remainder of the study. Demographic and clinical characteristics will be included through descriptive statistics. Non-inferiority testing between patient's 2 year AI findings will determine if 6 weeks of treatment is no less harmful in terms of incidences of residual dysplasia to that of 12 weeks of treatment. The specified non-inferiority margin will be 4 degrees. This is the chosen clinically accepted difference in AI between groups.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Estimated)

100

Phase

  • Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Contact Backup

Study Locations

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

1 second to 4 months (Child)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Patients with:

  • DDH
  • Graf IIc hips (alpha angle = 43-49 degrees)
  • normal hip exam (stable hips)
  • abnormal ultrasound

Exclusion Criteria:

  1. Patients with additional conditions: Neurologic or teratologic.
  2. Follow up that occurs at any other institution.
  3. Unstable hips

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Treatment
  • Allocation: Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Active Comparator: 12 weeks Pavlik Treatment Arm
This arm will receive 12 weeks of full-time Pavlik Harness treatment. Patients will most likely begin the 12-week regiment at their first visit to our hip clinic.
The intervention for this arm will be standard treatment for this pathology.
Experimental: 6 weeks Pavlik Treatment Arm
This arm will receive treatment to normalization, but for no less than 6 weeks. Patients will begin their treatment around the time of their first visit to our designated hip clinic.
The only intervention that varies from standard of care (12 weeks of treatment) will be the duration of bracing (for the treatment to normalization arm). Patients in both arms will have identical follow up protocols and imaging to closely monitor hip morphology.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Acetabular Index at 2 years
Time Frame: 2 year follow up
AI is a categorical measure that can be calculated on routine radiographs (X-rays). This measure helps clinicians get an overall view of the patient hip morphology and illustrates the effectiveness of Pavlik treatment by revealing the placement of the femoral head within the acetabulum (hip socket). AI is expressed as a horizontal line connecting Hilgenreiner's line to another line connecting the acetabular roofs.
2 year follow up

Other Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Cost of Treatment
Time Frame: After conclusion of the 2 year follow up
Patient charges for both arms will be collected and compared (physician, imaging, facility charges)
After conclusion of the 2 year follow up

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: Gaia Georgopoulos, MD, Children's Hospital Colorado

Publications and helpful links

The person responsible for entering information about the study voluntarily provides these publications. These may be about anything related to the study.

General Publications

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

June 11, 2021

Primary Completion (Estimated)

January 1, 2026

Study Completion (Estimated)

January 1, 2026

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

November 21, 2016

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

September 5, 2017

First Posted (Actual)

September 8, 2017

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

October 19, 2023

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

October 18, 2023

Last Verified

October 1, 2023

More Information

Terms related to this study

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

IPD Plan Description

No sharing. Data is in RedCAP and will only be available for listed authors.

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

No

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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