OK432 (Picibanil) in the Treatment of Lymphatic Malformations

A Phase 2, Multicenter, Open Label Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of OK-432 Immunotherapy in Individuals With Lymphatic Malformations

Standard of care for Lymphatic Malformations has been surgical excision. We have been using OK432/Picibanil (generously supplied by Chugai Pharmaceuticals in Japan) since 1992 with great success for macrocystic disease.

The objective of the study was to provide OK-432 immunotherapy to subjects with macrocystic or mixed (> 50% macrocystic) lymphatic malformations (LMs) and investigate the efficacy and safety of OK 432 as a treatment option in subjects with LMs.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Lymphatic Malformations
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: OK432

Detailed Description

Lymphatic malformations are uncommon tumors that represent localized malformations in the development of the lymphatic system. They typically present in children under 2 years of age and in almost 50% of the cases, are diagnosed at birth. There is neither a racial nor a sexual tendency. The malformations can occur anywhere on the body, but typically they are in the head/neck area.

Morbidity can be significant. Besides the obvious cosmetic deformity caused by these tumors, there is risk of infection and airway compromise and even obstruction. However, effective therapeutic options are limited. Small lesions can be observed, although spontaneous resolution is unlikely. For larger lesions, surgery has been the traditional form of therapy. In the head and neck, in particular, lymphangiomas typically wrap themselves around major neurovascular structures, making total excision removal difficult, if not impossible, and thus the likelihood of recurrence is quite high. Because of these surgical limitations, alternate therapies have been considered; including cryotherapy, diathermy, and chemical sclerotherapy.

The investigators experience with using the drug for macrocystic disease(large cysts) since 1992 in the United States has been very promising compared to traditional surgery. Recurrence rate to date, has been very minimal as well. (<2%)

After the conclusion of the Phase 2 randomized study, all new subjects who presented with an LM and were eligible for treatment were treated under an open-label protocol for continued access to OK-432. This multicenter, open label study enrolled subjects between September 2005 and November 2017.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 275
• Phase: Phase 2

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • California
    • San Diego, California, United States, 92123
      • Rady Children's Hospital & Health Center San Diego
  • Colorado
    • Denver, Colorado, United States, 80218
      • The Children's Hospital of Denver
  • District of Columbia
    • Washington, District of Columbia, United States, 20010
      • Children's National Medical Center
  • Florida
    • Saint Petersburg, Florida, United States, 33701
      • All Children's Hospital
  • Iowa
    • Iowa City, Iowa, United States, 52242
      • Richard Smith, MD
  • Michigan
    • Grand Rapids, Michigan, United States, 49546
      • Spectrum Health-SHMG Ear, Nose, & Throat
  • Minnesota
    • Minneapolis, Minnesota, United States, 55404
      • Children's Hospitals & Clinics of Minnesota - Minneapolis
  • New York
    • Syracuse, New York, United States, 13210
      • SUNY Health Science Center
  • Oregon
    • Portland, Oregon, United States, 97239
      • Oregon Health Sciences University
  • Tennessee
    • Nashville, Tennessee, United States, 37232
      • Vanderbilt University Hospital
  • Texas
    • Houston, Texas, United States, 77030
      • Children's ENT of Houston
  • Virginia
    • Norfolk, Virginia, United States, 23507
      • Children's Hospital of the Kings Daughter
  • Wisconsin
    • Madison, Wisconsin, United States, 53279
      • University of Wisconsin Hospital & Clinic
    • Milwaukee, Wisconsin, United States, 53226
      • Children's Hospital of Wisconsin

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 10 months to 15 years (Child)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

To be eligible to receive OK432 immunotherapy

• Patients must be ages 6 months to 17 years
• Patients must have a macrocystic Lymphatic Malformation
• Patients may have had surgical treatment for their Lymphatic Malformation
• Patients must have an imaging study to confirm the diagnosis of a macrocystic or mixed Lymphatic Malformation An MRI is preferred over a CT scan (an ultrasound may be used between injections if warranted, however an MRI or CT should be done pre and post treatment)

Exclusion Criteria:

• Penicillin allergy
• Women who are pregnant or nursing
• Patients who present with a temperature of 100.5 degrees F or greater
• Patients with mixed hemangioma-lymphangioma lesions
• Patients with a history OR a family history of rheumatic heart disease or post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis
• Patients with hemodynamic instability and respiratory failure
• Patients with a history OR a family history of obsessive-compulsive, tic disorders, or PANDA (pediatric autoimmune neuro-psychiatric disorder associated with streptococcal infections)
• Patients who demonstrate abnormalities in the history, physical examination or laboratory analysis which may indicate significant hepatic, hematologic, or renal disease
• Patients who are not in "good general health" (including patients with congenital disorders, chronic diseases, immunologic dysfunction, transplant recipients)

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: N/A
• Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

1

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: OK432 (Picibanil); There is no control in this study. All participants will receive the actual drug -OK432. With each injection they may receive 0.01 to 0.05mg/mL 6-12 weeks apart up to 4 injections total.	Drug: OK432; OK432 will be injected at dosage of 0.01 to 0.05 mg/mL 6-12 weeks apart up to 4 injections total.; Other Names: Picibanil

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Number of Participants With Clinical Success at 1 to 6 Months Post-Therapy as Assessed by Imaging	Clinical success was defined as having either a complete (90% 100%) or substantial (60% 89%) reduction in lymphatic malformation (LM) volume after treatment. Response was determined using post treatment imaging studies at approximately 1 to 6 months after completion of treatment	1 to 6 Months Post-Therapy

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Number of Participants With Clinical Response 1 to 6 Months Post-Therapy as Assessed by Imaging	Number of participants who demonstrated a complete (90%-100% reduction in LM volume), substantial (60%-89% reduction in LM volume), intermediate (20%-59% reduction in LM volume), or no (< 20% reduction in LM volume) response 1 to 6 months post-therapy as assessed by imaging	1 to 6 Months Post-Therapy
Number of Participants With Investigator-Evaluated Overall Response	Investigator evaluated post-therapy clinical response based on physical exam and/or ultrasound was categorized as "Clinical Improvement" or "No Change" in the size of the cyst.	1 to 6 Months Post-Therapy
Change From Baseline in Lesion Volume	Percent change from baseline in lesion volume - pre-therapy to post therapy assessed by imaging.	Baseline and 1 to 6 Months Post-Therapy

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Richard JH Smith
• Investigators: Principal Investigator: Richard JH Smith, MD, University of Iowa

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): October 5, 2005
• Primary Completion (Actual): April 30, 2018
• Study Completion (Actual): April 30, 2018

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: January 10, 2018
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: February 7, 2018
• First Posted (Actual): February 9, 2018

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): November 23, 2021
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: October 27, 2021
• Last Verified: October 1, 2021

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Neoplasms by Histologic Type; Neoplasms; Lymphatic Diseases; Lymphatic Vessel Tumors; Congenital Abnormalities; Lymphangioma; Lymphatic Abnormalities; Antineoplastic Agents; Picibanil
• Other Study ID Numbers: 201107741

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: No

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: Yes
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No