DBS in the Treatment of Intractable Movement Disorders

Deep Brain Stimulation in the Treatment of Intractable Movement Disorders ( Parkinson's Disease, Essential Tremors and Dystonia)

The aim of this study is to observe the efficacy of Deep Brain Stimulation in the treatment of Parkinson's disease,Essential Tremors and Dystonia in our locality.

Study Overview

• Status: Unknown
• Conditions: Parkinson Disease, Essential Tremors and Dystonia
• Intervention / Treatment: Device: Deep Brain Stimulation

Detailed Description

Movement disorders are clinical syndromes result from disturbances of basal ganglia function with either an excess of movement or a paucity of voluntary and involuntary movements, unrelated to weakness or spasticity. Movement disorders are synonymous with basal ganglia or extrapyramidal diseases. Movement disorders are conventionally divided into two major categories-hyperkinetic and hypokinetic.

Hyperkinetic movement disorders refer to excessive, often repetitive, involuntary movements that intrude upon the normal flow of motor activity and it includes include Essential Tremors, Dystonia, Chorea, Dyskinesia, and Athetosis.

Hypokinetic movement disorders refer to akinesia (lack of movement), hypokinesia (reduced amplitude of movements), bradykinesia (slow movement) and rigidity. In primary movement disorders, the abnormal movement is the primary manifestation of the disorder. In secondary movement disorders, the abnormal movement is a manifestation of another systemic or neurological disorder.

The basal ganglia include the striatum (caudate. putamen, nucleus accumbens), the subthalamic nucleus (STN), the globuspallidus [internal segment. external segment, ventral pallidum (VP)]. and the substantianigra pars compacta (SNpc) and substantianigra pars reticulata (SNpr).

Surgical therapies for the treatment of movement disorders can be divided into two broad categories: ablative and restorative. The most common structures targeted during stereotactic surgery for movement disorders are the motor thalamus, the globuspallidus internus and the subthalamic nucleus. Ablative surgical therapies for Movement disorders include thalamotomy and pallidotomy. Restorative surgical therapies include deep brain stimulation and transplantation of fetal tissue, cell lines that express trophic factors, or somatically delivered gene therapies. The theoretical advantage of Deep Brain Stimulation over ablative procedures is the lack of tissue destruction especially with deep brain stimulation. This is particularly appealing for patients needing bilateral procedures.

Parkinson's disease is the best example of a hypokinetic movement disorder. The interest in surgery has been prompted by the growing realization of the limitations of drug therapy for these movement disorders, improvement in neuroimaging capabilities, enhanced stereotactic surgical techniques and better understanding of functional organization of the basal ganglia and its pathophysiology of these movement disorders. There are many theories on how does Deep Brain Stimulation works in the treatment of movement disorders, these theories include Neurostimulation, Neuroinhibition, and Release of neurotransmitters. Deep brain has the following advantages over ablative surgery: No destruction of brain tissue can adjust stimulus parameters, Perform bilateral operations, significant reduction (50-75%) in medication, and it is completely reversible.

Since the introduction of deep brain stimulation almost 20 years ago, there has been an immense resurgence in interest in the surgical technique. However, the investigators are still asking some of the same questions. How can the investigators improve the targeting? What is the optimal target? In addition, the investigators have started asking some new questions such as how does deep brain stimulation work, and what other disorders can deep brain stimulation be applied to?

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Anticipated): 16
• Phase: Not Applicable

Contacts and Locations

• Study Contact: Name: Ahmed Nouby, masters degree; Phone Number: +201222336729; Email: ahrano2015@gmail.com
• Study Contact Backup: Name: Hanan Omar, PhD; Phone Number: +01223971654; Email: hannahomar@yahoo.com

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 23 years to 88 years (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Dopa responsiveness
2. Minimum disease duration of 5 years.
3. Diagnosis of idiopathic Parkinsons disease
4. Patients with intractable Essential Tremors.
5. Patients with intractable dystonia

Exclusion Criteria:

1. Significant medical health problems.
2. Significant cognitive impairment
3. Bleeding tendencies

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Treatment
• Allocation: N/A
• Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

1

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: DBS on patients with abnormal movement disorders; 16 patients with intractable abnormal movement disorders (Parkinson's disease, Essential tremors and Dystonia)	Device: Deep Brain Stimulation; stimulation of different basal ganglionic nuclei by a inserting a device

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Change in the unified parkinson's disease rating scale score	The Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS) is a commonly used survey tool used to assess symptom severity of patients with Parkinson's disease (PD). It covers several different domains including 1) thought, behavior and mood 2) activities of daily living 3) motor activity 4) complications of therapy and others. Part I: evaluation of mentation, behavior, and mood Part II: self-evaluation of the activities of daily life (ADLs) including speech, swallowing, handwriting, dressing, hygiene, falling, salivating, turning in bed, walking, and cutting food Part III: clinician-scored monitored motor evaluation Part IV: complications of therapy Part V: Hoehn and Yahr staging of severity of Parkinson's disease Part VI: Schwab and England ADL scale	baseline(pre-DBS )and 6 months post-DBS

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Change in antiparkinsonian medication use	the percent in reduction of antiparkinsonian medications used after DBS	baseline(pre-DBS and 6 months post-DBS

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Assiut University
• Investigators: Study Director: Amr Elnaggar, MD, University of Louisville

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Guttman M, Kish SJ, Furukawa Y. Current concepts in the diagnosis and management of Parkinson's disease. CMAJ. 2003 Feb 4;168(3):293-301. Erratum In: CMAJ. 2003 Mar 4;168(5):544.
• Jankovic J, Cardoso F, Grossman RG, Hamilton WJ. Outcome after stereotactic thalamotomy for parkinsonian, essential, and other types of tremor. Neurosurgery. 1995 Oct;37(4):680-6; discussion 686-7. doi: 10.1227/00006123-199510000-00011.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Anticipated): July 1, 2018
• Primary Completion (Anticipated): April 1, 2019
• Study Completion (Anticipated): July 1, 2019

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: May 22, 2018
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: June 18, 2018
• First Posted (Actual): June 19, 2018

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): June 19, 2018
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: June 18, 2018
• Last Verified: June 1, 2018

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: deep brain stimulation
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Brain Diseases; Central Nervous System Diseases; Nervous System Diseases; Neurologic Manifestations; Parkinsonian Disorders; Basal Ganglia Diseases; Synucleinopathies; Neurodegenerative Diseases; Dyskinesias; Parkinson Disease; Dystonia; Dystonic Disorders; Movement Disorders; Tremor; Essential Tremor
• Other Study ID Numbers: DBS in movement disorders

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No