Gene-Modified Immune Cells (FH-MCVA2TCR) in Treating Patients With Metastatic or Unresectable Merkel Cell Cancer

March 22, 2024 updated by: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center

Phase I/II Study of Autologous CD8+ and CD4+ Transgenic T Cells Expressing High Affinity MCPyV-Specific TCRs Combined With Avelumab and Class I MHC-Upregulation in Patients With Metastatic MCC Refractory to PD-1 Axis Blockade

This phase I/II trial studies the side effects of gene-modified immune cells (FH-MCVA2TCR) and to see how well they work in treating patients with Merkel cell cancer that has spread to other parts of the body (metastatic) or that cannot be removed by surgery (unresectable). Placing a gene that has been created in the laboratory into immune cells may improve the body's ability to fight Merkel cell cancer.

Study Overview

Detailed Description

OUTLINE: This is a dose escalation study of FH-MCVA2TCR autologous T-cells.

Patients receive interferon gamma-1b subcutaneously (SC) on study. Patients receive FH-MCVA2TCR T-cells intravenously (IV) over 60-120 minutes. Beginning 14 days after receiving FH-MCVA2TCR T-cells, patients also receive standard of care avelumab IV over 1 hour every 2 weeks for 1 year or pembrolizumab IV over 30 minutes every 3 weeks for 1 year in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients with partial response or stable disease may then receive an additional cycle of FH-MCVA2TCR T-cells.

After completion of study treatment, patients are followed up periodically for up to 15 years.

Study Type

Interventional

Enrollment (Actual)

7

Phase

  • Phase 2
  • Phase 1

Contacts and Locations

This section provides the contact details for those conducting the study, and information on where this study is being conducted.

Study Contact

Study Locations

    • Washington
      • Seattle, Washington, United States, 98109
        • Fred Hutch/University of Washington Cancer Consortium

Participation Criteria

Researchers look for people who fit a certain description, called eligibility criteria. Some examples of these criteria are a person's general health condition or prior treatments.

Eligibility Criteria

Ages Eligible for Study

16 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)

Accepts Healthy Volunteers

No

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

  • EVALUATION: Metastatic or unresectable Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV)-associated Merkel cell carcinoma (VP-MCC) that has progressed on or after prior treatment with a PD-1 axis immune checkpoint inhibitor.
  • EVALUATION: Individuals that may be consented to undergo evaluation to determine potential eligibility must have a history of metastatic or unresectable Merkel cell carcinoma (MCC) (as documented by medical record).
  • EVALUATION: Be 18 years of age or older.
  • EVALUATION: Be capable of understanding and providing informed consent.
  • Participants must have metastatic or unresectable, histologically confirmed virus-positive MCC. Confirmation of diagnosis must be or have been performed by internal pathology review of initial or subsequent biopsy or other pathologic material at Fred Hutch/Seattle Cancer Care Alliance (SCCA).
  • Approximately 80% of MCCs are caused by Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV) T Antigens and the treatment is expected to only be effective in this population. Merkel cell polyomavirus positivity may be established through one of two means: positive Merkel cell polyomavirus T antigen serology (preferred) or immunohistochemistry of a primary or metastatic MCC tumor lesion (if T antigen seronegative).
  • MCPyV T Antigen serology will be performed with the anti-Merkel cell panel (AMERK) assay run through the University of Washington Medical Center Laboratory Medicine Clinical Immunology Laboratory. Positivity will be defined as a Merkel oncoprotein antibody titer (MSCTT) of >= 75 standard titer units (STU) at any time point from initial diagnosis onward. Patients with negative T antigen serology but MCPyV positive tumor by other methodologies will be considered for additional MCPyV testing as clinically appropriate, as the T antigen serology assays are highly specific but incompletely sensitive for MCPyV status. In this case, immunohistochemistry of any tumor lesion will be performed with the CM2B4 Merkel cell polyomavirus T antigen antibody. Expression of MCPyV in at least 10% of tumor cells will be considered positive. CM2B4 staining performed at any point clinically and at any clinical laboratory may be accepted. However, if CM2B4 staining has not been previously performed by a clinical pathology laboratory as part of MCC diagnostic workup, it will be performed in a clinical diagnostic pathology laboratory at University of Washington (UW)/Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center (FHCRC)/SCCA as per standard staining protocols. Persons are not required to have both CM2B4 positivity and seropositivity; either will be acceptable confirmation of viral status and if one negative and the other positive the patient will remain eligible provided other criteria are met.
  • Patients must have been previously treated with at least one dose of a PD-1 axis inhibitor (e.g. PD-1 or PD-L1 inhibiting monoclonal antibody such as pembrolizumab, nivolumab, avelumab, atezolizumab, durvalumab), developed progression of their MCC tumor on or after treatment, or have biopsy confirmed residual disease following treatment. At least four weeks must have passed between the administration of the first dose of PD-1 axis inhibitor and determination of progression or residual disease. If there is significant clinical concern for pseudoprogression (i.e. progression developed rapidly after checkpoint inhibitor therapy), biopsy must be performed to demonstrate true progression. Patients may have received 1 or more prior systemic regimens for MCC. There is no upper limit on prior regimens. Patients may have received prior anti-PD-1/anti-PD-L1 in the neoadjuvant or adjuvant setting. Patients are also eligible if they have a contraindication to PD-1/PD-L1 axis blockade such as a history of an autoimmune disease.
  • Participants must be HLA-A*02:01 in order for infused transgenic T cells to recognize antigen-MHC complexes. HLA typing for HLA-A2 should be determined through molecular approaches at a clinical laboratory licensed for HLA testing.
  • Life expectancy must be anticipated to be > 3 months at trial entry.
  • 18 years of age or older. Fewer than 0.5% of MCC occur in individuals aged 30 years or younger, thus the protocol includes only adult patients.
  • Capable of understanding and providing a written informed consent.
  • If fertile, willingness to comply with reproductive requirements.
  • Karnofsky performance status of >= 60%.
  • Should there be no tumor tissue that is accessible for biopsy, patients will still be considered for participation, at discretion of the investigator. Similarly, should an investigator determine that a biopsy cannot be performed safely for clinical reasons biopsies may be cancelled or retimed.
  • At least 3 weeks must have passed since any: immunotherapy (for example, T-cell infusions, immunomodulatory agents, interleukins, MCC vaccines, intravenous immunoglobulin, expanded polyclonal tumor infiltrating lymphocyte [TIL] or lymphokine-activated killer cell [LAK] therapy), natural killer (NK) therapy, small molecule or chemotherapy cancer treatment, other investigational agents or other systemic agents that target MCC. There is no washout period for radiation.
  • Serum creatinine < 2.5 or estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) > 30.
  • Total bilirubin (tBili) < 3.0. Patients with suspected Gilbert syndrome may be included if Tbili > 3 but no other evidence of hepatic dysfunction.
  • Aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) < 5 x upper limit of normal (ULN).
  • =< grade 1 dyspnea.
  • Oxygen saturation (SaO2) >= 92% on ambient air.
  • If pulmonary function tests (PFTs) are performed based on the clinical judgment of the treating physician, patients with forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) >= 50% of predicted and diffusion capacity of the lung for carbon monoxide (DLCO) (corrected) of >= 40% of predicted will be eligible.
  • Patients 60 years of age or older are required to have left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) evaluation performed within 1 year prior to study treatment. LVEF may be established with echocardiogram or multigated acquisition (MUGA) scan, and must be >= 35%. Cardiac evaluation for other patients is at the discretion of the treating physician.
  • Absolute neutrophil count (ANC) > 1000 cells/mm^3.
  • Absolute lymphocyte count (ALC) > 200 cells/mm^3.
  • Hematocrit (HCT) > 30%.
  • Platelet count > 50K.

Exclusion Criteria:

  • Active autoimmune disease requiring immunosuppressive therapy is excluded unless discussed with the principal investigator (PI). Patients with a history of autoimmune disease that was a contra-indication to PD-1 axis blockade treatment will be eligible, but will not receive PD-1 axis blockade treatment on trial.
  • Kidney transplant will be considered on a case by case basis requiring discussion with PI. If kidney transplant, patient must have dialysis access, dialysis plan, supportive nephrologist, willingness to stop transplant immunosuppression, and express understanding that rejection is likely. Dialysis or costs related to transplant kidney will not be supported by the study. Participants having had any other solid organ transplants will be excluded, as will those with a history of allogeneic stem cell transplant.
  • Corticosteroid therapy at a dose equivalent of > 10 mg prednisone per day.
  • Concurrent use of other investigational agents or MCC directed therapies.
  • Any medical or psychological condition other than Merkel cell carcinoma that would significantly increase the risk of harm to a subject or interfere with the interpretation of trial endpoints.
  • Active uncontrolled infection. Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) positive participants on highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) with a CD4 count > 500 cells/mm^3 are considered controlled, as are individuals with a history of hepatitis C who have successfully completed antiviral therapy with an undetectable viral load, and those with hepatitis B who have hepatitis well controlled on medication.
  • Uncontrolled concurrent illness. Participants may not have uncontrolled or concurrent illness including, but not limited to, symptomatic congestive heart failure, unstable angina pectoris, cardiac arrhythmia, or psychiatric illness/social situations that would limit compliance with study requirements.
  • Untreated brain metastases. Participants with small asymptomatic brain metastases (< 1 cm) or those with brain metastases previously treated with surgery or radiotherapy will be considered for inclusion at discretion of principal investigator, so long as other eligibility criteria are met.
  • Grade 3 or higher immune related adverse event (iRAE) to any prior PD-1 axis blocking agent. iRAEs are persistent T cell mediated inflammatory syndromes caused by PD-1 or PD-L1 inhibitors including colitis, nephritis, pneumonitis, myositis, hepatitis, encephalitis.
  • Participants receiving treatment for prior immune-related adverse event (iRAE) are excluded, with exception of hormone supplementation or corticosteroid therapy at equivalent of up to 10 mg prednisone per day, unless otherwise approved by PI.
  • Study participants must not have significant active underlying neurologic disease, unless approved by PI. Mild neuropathy related to diabetes or prior chemotherapy is acceptable.
  • Other medical, social, or psychiatric factor that interferes with medical appropriateness and/or ability to comply with study, as determined by PI.

Study Plan

This section provides details of the study plan, including how the study is designed and what the study is measuring.

How is the study designed?

Design Details

  • Primary Purpose: Other
  • Allocation: Non-Randomized
  • Interventional Model: Single Group Assignment
  • Masking: None (Open Label)

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm
Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Treatment (TCR-T cells, avelumab or pembrolizumab)
Approximated 5-7 days prior to receiving FH-MCVA2TCR T-cells, patients receive interferon gamma administered at the FDA-approved dosing of 50mcg/m2, 3 times weekly for a total of 4 weeks. Patients receive FH-MCVA2TCR T-cells IV over 60-120 minutes. Beginning 14 days after receiving FH-MCVA2TCR T-cells, patients also receive standard of care avelumab IV over 1 hour every 2 weeks for 1 year or pembrolizumab IV over 30 minutes every 3 weeks for 1 year in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients with partial response or stable disease may then receive an additional cycle of FH-MCVA2TCR T-cells.
Given IV
Other Names:
  • Bavencio
  • MSB-0010718C
  • MSB0010718C
  • 1537032-82-8
  • Immunoglobulin G1-lambda1
  • Anti-(Homo sapiens CD274 (Programmed Death Ligand 1, PDL1, pd-l1, B7 Homolog 1, B7H1))
  • Homo sapiens Monoclonal Antibody
Given IV
Other Names:
  • Keytruda
  • MK-3475
  • Lambrolizumab
  • SCH 900475
  • Anti-(Human Programmed Cell Death 1)
Given SC
Other Names:
  • IFN-g-1b
  • Actimmune
  • gamma Interferon 1B
  • IFN-gamma 1b
  • Recombinant Interferon Gamma-1b
  • 98059-61-1
Given IV
Other Names:
  • Autologous CD8+ and CD4+ T-cells transduced with TCR A2-MCC1
  • FH-MCVA2TCR
  • FH-MCVA2TCR Autologous CD8+ and CD4+ T-cells Transduced with TCR A2-MCC1
Experimental: Treatment 2 (TCR-T cells, avelumab or pembrolizumab)
Approximated 5-7 days prior to receiving FH-MCVA2TCR T-cells, patients receive interferon gamma administered at the FDA-approved dosing of 50mcg/m2, 3 times weekly for a total of 4 weeks. Patients receive FH-MCVA2TCR T-cells IV over 60-120 minutes. Beginning 14 days after receiving FH-MCVA2TCR T-cells, patients also receive standard of care avelumab IV over 1 hour every 2 weeks for 1 year or pembrolizumab IV over 30 minutes every 3 weeks for 1 year in the absence of disease progression or unacceptable toxicity. Patients with partial response or stable disease may then receive an additional cycle of FH-MCVA2TCR T-cells.
Given IV
Other Names:
  • Bavencio
  • MSB-0010718C
  • MSB0010718C
  • 1537032-82-8
  • Immunoglobulin G1-lambda1
  • Anti-(Homo sapiens CD274 (Programmed Death Ligand 1, PDL1, pd-l1, B7 Homolog 1, B7H1))
  • Homo sapiens Monoclonal Antibody
Given IV
Other Names:
  • Keytruda
  • MK-3475
  • Lambrolizumab
  • SCH 900475
  • Anti-(Human Programmed Cell Death 1)
Given SC
Other Names:
  • IFN-g-1b
  • Actimmune
  • gamma Interferon 1B
  • IFN-gamma 1b
  • Recombinant Interferon Gamma-1b
  • 98059-61-1
Given IV
Other Names:
  • Autologous CD8+ and CD4+ T-cells transduced with TCR A2-MCC1
  • FH-MCVA2TCR
  • FH-MCVA2TCR Autologous CD8+ and CD4+ T-cells Transduced with TCR A2-MCC1

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Incidence of adverse events grade 3 or higher determined to be possibly, probably or definitely secondary to any of the study treatments
Time Frame: Up to 1 year post infusion
Assessed per Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events (CTCAE) v. 5.0. Evidence of excessive toxicity will be an observed proportion of toxicities for which the associated lower 80% confidence limit exceeds 40%.
Up to 1 year post infusion
Best overall response
Time Frame: Up to 1 year post infusion
Will be assessed by Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors (RECIST) 1.1 of complete or partial response. Irradiated and non-irradiated lesions will be separately tracked but response determined in totality.
Up to 1 year post infusion

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure
Measure Description
Time Frame
Progression-free survival
Time Frame: Up to 1 year post infusion
Will be estimated using the method of Kaplan and Meier, with time zero the time of first T cell infusion.
Up to 1 year post infusion
Overall survival
Time Frame: Up to 1 year post infusion
Will be estimated using the method of Kaplan and Meier, with time zero the time of first T cell infusion.
Up to 1 year post infusion

Collaborators and Investigators

This is where you will find people and organizations involved with this study.

Investigators

  • Principal Investigator: Joshua Veatch, Fred Hutch/University of Washington Cancer Consortium

Study record dates

These dates track the progress of study record and summary results submissions to ClinicalTrials.gov. Study records and reported results are reviewed by the National Library of Medicine (NLM) to make sure they meet specific quality control standards before being posted on the public website.

Study Major Dates

Study Start (Actual)

July 3, 2019

Primary Completion (Actual)

January 10, 2024

Study Completion (Estimated)

January 10, 2025

Study Registration Dates

First Submitted

November 16, 2018

First Submitted That Met QC Criteria

November 16, 2018

First Posted (Actual)

November 20, 2018

Study Record Updates

Last Update Posted (Actual)

March 26, 2024

Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria

March 22, 2024

Last Verified

March 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?

NO

Drug and device information, study documents

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product

Yes

Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product

No

product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.

Yes

This information was retrieved directly from the website clinicaltrials.gov without any changes. If you have any requests to change, remove or update your study details, please contact register@clinicaltrials.gov. As soon as a change is implemented on clinicaltrials.gov, this will be updated automatically on our website as well.

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