The Effects of a Jump Rope Exercise Program on Body Composition and Self-efficacy in Obese Adolescent Girls

The Effects of a 12-week Jump Rope Exercise Program on Body Composition, Insulin Sensitivity, and Academic Self-efficacy in Obese Prehypertensive Adolescent Girls

The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of a 12-week jump rope exercise program on body composition, blood pressure, insulin resistance, and academic self-efficacy in prehypertensive adolescent obese girls. Forty-eight prehypertensive adolescent obese girls participated in this study. The girls were randomly divided into the jump rope exercise intervention group (EX, n=24) and control group (CON, n=24). The EX group performed a jump rope training program at 40-70% of their heart rate reserve (HRR) 5 days/week for 12 weeks (sessions 50 minutes in duration). The CON group did not participate in any structure or unstructured exercise protocol. Blood pressure, body fat percentage, waist circumference, blood glucose and insulin, homeostatic model assessment - insulin resistance, and Academic Self-Efficacy were measured before and after the 12-weeks study.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Prehypertension; Blood Pressure; Adiposity; Insulin Sensitivity; Self Efficacy; Abdominal Obesity
• Intervention / Treatment: Other: 12-week jump rope exercise program

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 48
• Phase: Not Applicable

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 12 years to 14 years (Child)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• prehypertensive
• sedentary (no regular exercise training or physical activity within the last year)
• no weight loss diet during the last six months
• obese

Exclusion Criteria:

• pregnancy
• chronic disease
• daily medication use

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Health Services Research
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

2

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
No Intervention: Control Group; The control group was in the facility for all jump rope exercise sessions but did not participate in the exercise intervention.
Experimental: Experimental Group; The experimental group performed the jump rope exercise intervention.	Other: 12-week jump rope exercise program; Each jump rope exercise session of the program was performed for 50 minute, with a 5 minute warm-up and cool-down. Sessions were performed once a day, 5 days a week, for 12 weeks. The program consisted of various main jump rope exercises (1 line 2 jump, jumping feet together, running jumping, open side jump, open back and forth jump, rock paper scissor jump). The warm-up and cool-down consisted of static stretching, walking, and jogging. Intensity of exercise was gradually increased form 40-50% heart rate reserve (HRR) in weeks 1-4 and 60-70% HRR in weeks 9-12. Each training session was supervised by the researchers. Ever subject wore a heart rate monitor during the whole training session in order to maintain the designated training intensity.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Lean Body Mass	Lean body mass (kg) was determined using a bioelectrical impedance-meter.	12 weeks
Body Fat	Body fat percentage was measured to the nearest 0.1%.	12 weeks
Blood Pressure	Blood pressure was measured in duplicate using an automated sphygmomanometer. The average of the was recorded as the resting blood pressure. Both systolic and diastolic blood pressure were recorded.	12 weeks
Body Mass	Body mass was measured to nearest 0.1kg.	12 weeks
Height	Height was measured to the nearest 1 cm.	12 weeks
Waist Circumference	Waist circumference as measured at midpoint between the lower rib and the iliac crest at the end of a normal expiration using a tap measure.	12 weeks
Glucose	Blood glucose concentrations were assessed with a glucose reagent kit.	12 weeks
Insulin	Serum insulin was evaluated using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit.	12 weeks
Homeostatic Model Assessment - Insulin Resistance	Homeostatic model assessment - insulin resistance was calculated from the fasting plasma blood glucose and insulin levels according to previously established models.	12 weeks

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Pusan National University
• Collaborators: University of Nebraska; Chonnam National University

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): October 3, 2010
• Primary Completion (Actual): February 23, 2011
• Study Completion (Actual): December 6, 2011

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: March 29, 2019
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 29, 2019
• First Posted (Actual): April 2, 2019

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): November 3, 2020
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: October 30, 2020
• Last Verified: October 1, 2020

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: exercise; insulin sensitivity; obesity; body composition; adolescence; academic self-efficacy
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Cardiovascular Diseases; Vascular Diseases; Glucose Metabolism Disorders; Metabolic Diseases; Immune System Diseases; Overnutrition; Nutrition Disorders; Hyperinsulinism; Obesity; Hypersensitivity; Prehypertension; Insulin Resistance; Obesity, Abdominal
• Other Study ID Numbers: UNOVRLJRSE

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: No

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No