A Study to Assess Stroke Risk Among Users of Typical Versus Atypical Antipsychotics Stratified by Broad Age Group

Stroke Risk Among Users of Typical vs. Atypical Antipsychotics Stratified by Broad Age Group, a Post-authorization Safety Study

The purpose of this study is to extend the recent Food and Drug Administration (FDA) Sentinel tabulations regarding stroke risk among new users of typical and atypical antipsychotics to participants who were aged 18-64 years and did not have dementia to participants aged 65 years and older regardless of dementia status.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Stroke
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: Typical Antipsychotics; Drug: Haloperidol; Drug: Atypical Antipsychotics

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Actual): 1234412

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • New Jersey
    • Titusville, New Jersey, United States, 08560
      • Janssen Investigative Site

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 14 years and older (Adult, Older Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No

• Sampling Method: Probability Sample

Study Population

The study population is the participants in (any of) the target or comparator cohorts. Each target and comparator cohort will be drawn from the appropriate database: IBM MarketScan Commercial Database (CCAE) if the participants are aged 18-64 years and IBM MarketScan Medicare Supplemental Database (MDCR) if participants are aged greater than or equal to (>=) 65 years.

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

For entry event of an initial drug exposure:

• First exposure to the particular drug(s) in the past 183 days (index date)
• Had at least 183 days of continuous observation time prior to index
• Exactly 0 condition occurrences of 'Cancer' any time in the 183 days before or on the index date
• Exactly 0 condition occurrences of 'Stroke' any time in the 183 days before or on the index date
• Exactly 0 exposures to any other typical or atypical antipsychotics any time in the 183 days before or on the index date

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Observational Models: Cohort
• Time Perspectives: Retrospective

Number of groups / cohorts

9

Cohorts and Interventions

Group / Cohort	Intervention / Treatment
Target Cohort 1; Participants will be analyzed for stroke-risk who are new users of typical antipsychotics aged 18 to 64 years without a recent dementia diagnosis.	Drug: Typical Antipsychotics; Stroke rates among participants from 01 January, 2002 through 31 December 2017 will be estimated among new users of typical antipsychotics which includes Haloperidol, Loxapine, Thioridazine, Molindone, Thiothixene, Fluphenazine, Trifluoperazine, Perphenazine, Chlorpromazine. No drug will be administered as part of this study.
Target Cohort 2; Participants will be analyzed for stroke-risk who are new users of haloperidol aged 18 to 64 years without a recent dementia diagnosis.	Drug: Haloperidol; Stroke rates among participants from 01 January, 2002 through 31 December 2017 will be estimated among new users of haloperidol. No drug will be administered as part of this study.
Target Cohort 3; Participants will be analyzed for stroke-risk who are new users of typical antipsychotics aged greater than or equal to (>=) 65 years.	Drug: Typical Antipsychotics; Stroke rates among participants from 01 January, 2002 through 31 December 2017 will be estimated among new users of typical antipsychotics which includes Haloperidol, Loxapine, Thioridazine, Molindone, Thiothixene, Fluphenazine, Trifluoperazine, Perphenazine, Chlorpromazine. No drug will be administered as part of this study.
Target Cohort 4; Participants will be analyzed for stroke-risk who are new users of haloperidol aged >= 65 year.	Drug: Haloperidol; Stroke rates among participants from 01 January, 2002 through 31 December 2017 will be estimated among new users of haloperidol. No drug will be administered as part of this study.
Target Cohort 5; Participants will be analyzed for stroke-risk who are new users of typical antipsychotics aged 18 to 64 years.	Drug: Typical Antipsychotics; Stroke rates among participants from 01 January, 2002 through 31 December 2017 will be estimated among new users of typical antipsychotics which includes Haloperidol, Loxapine, Thioridazine, Molindone, Thiothixene, Fluphenazine, Trifluoperazine, Perphenazine, Chlorpromazine. No drug will be administered as part of this study.
Target Cohort 6; Participants will be analyzed for stroke-risk who are new users of haloperidol aged 18 to 64 years.	Drug: Haloperidol; Stroke rates among participants from 01 January, 2002 through 31 December 2017 will be estimated among new users of haloperidol. No drug will be administered as part of this study.
Comparator Cohort 7; Participants will be analyzed for stroke-risk who are new users of atypical antipsychotics aged 18-64 years without a recent dementia diagnosis.	Drug: Atypical Antipsychotics; Stroke rates among participants from 01 January, 2002 through 31 December 2017 will be estimated among new users of atypical antipsychotics which includes Aripriprazole, Asenapine, Brexpiprazole, Cariprazine, Clozapine, Iloperidone, Lurasidone, Paliperidone, Ziprasidone, Risperidone, Quetiapine, Olanzapine. No drug will be administered as part of this study.
Comparator Cohort 8; Participants will be analyzed for stroke-risk who are new users of atypical antipsychotics aged >= 65 years.	Drug: Atypical Antipsychotics; Stroke rates among participants from 01 January, 2002 through 31 December 2017 will be estimated among new users of atypical antipsychotics which includes Aripriprazole, Asenapine, Brexpiprazole, Cariprazine, Clozapine, Iloperidone, Lurasidone, Paliperidone, Ziprasidone, Risperidone, Quetiapine, Olanzapine. No drug will be administered as part of this study.
Comparator Cohort 9; Participants will be analyzed for stroke-risk who are new users of atypical antipsychotics aged 18-64 years.	Drug: Atypical Antipsychotics; Stroke rates among participants from 01 January, 2002 through 31 December 2017 will be estimated among new users of atypical antipsychotics which includes Aripriprazole, Asenapine, Brexpiprazole, Cariprazine, Clozapine, Iloperidone, Lurasidone, Paliperidone, Ziprasidone, Risperidone, Quetiapine, Olanzapine. No drug will be administered as part of this study.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Number of Participants with Stroke as a Principal Inpatient Diagnosis	Number of participants with stroke in each target cohort versus comparator cohort (aged 65 years and older) per person years at risk will be reported. It is defined defined by the presence of the relevant ICD codes (ICD-9 or ICD-10 according to date) in the inpatient setting as the primary diagnoses.	Up to 16 years (from 01-January-2002 through 31-December-2017)

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Number of Participants at Stroke Risk when Compared Among New Users of Typical Antipsychotics/Haloperidol versus Atypical Antipsychotics	The number of participants with the risk of stroke among participants exposed to typical antipsychotics versus atypical antipsychotics will be reported.	Up to 16 years (from 01-January-2002 through 31-December-2017)

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Janssen Research & Development, LLC
• Investigators: Study Director: Janssen Research & Development, LLC Clinical Trial, Janssen Research & Development, LLC

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): May 6, 2019
• Primary Completion (Actual): May 31, 2019
• Study Completion (Actual): May 31, 2019

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: June 28, 2019
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: June 28, 2019
• First Posted (Actual): July 1, 2019

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Estimated): June 25, 2025
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: June 20, 2025
• Last Verified: June 1, 2025

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Cerebrovascular Disorders; Brain Diseases; Central Nervous System Diseases; Nervous System Diseases; Vascular Diseases; Cardiovascular Diseases; Stroke; Physiological Effects of Drugs; Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action; Antiemetics; Autonomic Agents; Peripheral Nervous System Agents; Gastrointestinal Agents; Central Nervous System Depressants; Neurotransmitter Agents; Tranquilizing Agents; Psychotropic Drugs; Dopamine Agents; Anti-Dyskinesia Agents; Dopamine Antagonists; Antipsychotic Agents; Haloperidol; Haloperidol decanoate
• Other Study ID Numbers: CR108624; PCSESP001292 (Other Identifier: Janssen Research & Development, LLC)

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: Yes
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No
• product manufactured in and exported from the U.S.: Yes