Evaluation of the MuSICCA for Measuring Awareness

Evaluating the Validity, Reliability, and Clinical Utility of the Music Therapy Sensory Instrument for Cognition, Consciousness and Awareness (MuSICCA) in Children and Youth With Prolonged Disorders of Consciousness

Prolonged Disorders Of Consciousness (PDOC) include the Vegetative State (VS) and the Minimally Conscious State (MCS) that persist for longer than four weeks. This research seeks to evaluate the validity (accuracy), reliability, and clinical utility (usefulness to clinicians) of the children's version of the Music Therapy Assessment Tool for Awareness in Disorders of Consciousness (MATADOC). The paediatric version is called the Music therapy Sensory Instrument for Cognition, Consciousness and Awareness (MuSICCA). The MATADOC is known to be accurate in diagnosis and has been shown to be clinically useful when working with adults. However, currently, there are no equivalent measures that have been rigorously tested for working with children. Therefore, there is a significant need for a valid and reliable measure, especially when the consequences of misdiagnosis include insufficient care provision, unsuitable treatment programmes, poor identification of intentions to communicate, and insufficient evidence for making difficult decisions around withdrawal of hydration and nutrition.

The study will invite participants aged 2-18 years, who the medical team suspect of having a PDOC, from various medical facilities in the UK, Ireland and other English-speaking countries. Parental/carer consent will be required for inclusion in the study.

Data collection will occur over 3 years. Each participant will be involved once for a maximum of 7 assessment sessions (4 for the MuSICCA, 1 for the Coma Recovery Scale - Revised (CRS-R), 1 for the Coma/Near Coma Scale (CNC), and 1 for the Nociception Coma Scale Revised (NCS-R)). The MuSICCA assessment protocol involves presenting musical stimuli in three modalities (visual, auditory, and tactile). The participants will be instructed to respond to stimuli and commands. Sessions will be recorded using audio-visual equipment and physical responses will be noted on documentation. The information gained will inform diagnosis and treatment. The participants' behaviours will also be scored on the CRS-R (the gold standard for diagnosis of DOC in adults), the CNC and the NCS-R.

Study Overview

• Status: Recruiting
• Conditions: Disorder of Consciousness

Detailed Description

The null hypotheses are as follows:

The MuSICCA is not a valid tool for use with children and young people with Disorders Of Consciousness (DOC).

The MuSICCA is not a reliable tool for use with children and young people with DOC.

The MuSICCA is not a clinical useful tool for use with children and young people with DOC.

The design has been chosen to test the validity and reliability of the MuSICCA. It will involve carrying out the two measures and comparing their results against the current gold standard (the Coma Recovery Scale-Revised) and the Coma-Near Coma Scale. The design is influenced by previous validation studies of these measures conducted with adults.

There will be no control group because this is not a Randomised Controlled Trial (RCT) and, therefore, no recruited participant will be deprived of the potential benefits of the measures. All participants will receive intervention through the administration of the protocols of the assessment measures.

The study intends to recruit 80 participants. Recruitment will involve the following procedure. Medical/clinical teams at each site will identify potential participants according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. The participants' families will be contacted to invite them to a meeting to discuss the research. It will be made clear that there will be no obligation to attend the meeting and their care or treatment will not be reduced or withdrawn if they decide not to be involved in the study. Interested families will be informed about the research project at this initial meeting. This information will be delivered verbally in person by the assessing clinicians and the families will be given a participant information sheet, which will contain all the information about the research so that the family can think in their own time about the decision to involve their child. The information given will include: 1)what will be carried out during the assessments, 2)how data will be recorded (observation recording sheets, video recording), 3)how the data will be stored, 4)what the data will be used for, and 5)what will be done with the data when the study has finished. The information sheet will also contain information about the families' right to withdraw their child from the study at any time without consequence.

The families will also be given the opportunity to ask questions so that they are satisfied that they understand why the research is being conducted, what the research will involve, and the extent of their child's involvement in the study if recruited.

Data collection will take place over a 3-year period at sites in the United Kingdom (UK), United States, and other English-speaking countries, e.g. Australia, Canada and New Zealand.

The data will consist of hand scored forms of the assessment tools and audio-visual recordings of the MuSICCA sessions. These recordings will be used to test the reliability of the MuSICCA between assessors and between assessment sessions.The selection and allocation of video recordings of sessions for inter-rater reliability will be carried out to control for differences of experience between assessing clinicians.

In order to eliminate researcher bias, data will be collated by the trained assessors from the treating clinical team, and statistical analysis will be undertaken by an independent statistician. In order to eliminate bias during data collection, there will be no interim data analysis and data collectors (clinicians) will not be able to discuss with each other the findings of their assessments until after the assessments have been completed and the results submitted to the research assistant.

Clinical utility of the MuSICCA will be evaluated using a questionnaire for each family and each assessing clinician using the tool. After each MuSICCA report is submitted and feedback given to the families, assessing clinicians and families will be asked to complete a short questionnaire to assess the clinical utility of the MuSICCA.

Data storage Raw data (score forms and video recordings) will be stored on a secure cloud-based system. Access to the data will be managed and authorised by the Chief Investigator.

Data analysis will be carried out by an independent statistician.

• Study Type: Observational
• Enrollment (Anticipated): 80

Contacts and Locations

• Study Contact: Name: Jonathan W Pool, PhD; Phone Number: 5401 0044 (0)1223 695401; Email: jonathan.pool1@aru.ac.uk

Study Locations

• United Kingdom
  • Surrey
    • Tadworth, Surrey, United Kingdom, KT20 5RU
      • Recruiting
      • The Children's Trust
      • Contact: Helle Mills; Email: hmills@thechildrenstrust.org.uk
• United States
  • Georgia
    • Atlanta, Georgia, United States, 30342
      • Recruiting
      • Children's Healthcare of Atlanta
      • Contact: Cori Snyder; Email: cori.snyder@choa.org
  • Oklahoma
    • Bethany, Oklahoma, United States, 73008
      • Recruiting
      • Bethany Children's Health Centre
      • Contact: Rachel nowels; Email: rnowels@bethanychildrens.org

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 2 years to 18 years (Child, Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: No
• Genders Eligible for Study: All

• Sampling Method: Non-Probability Sample

Study Population

Children and young people aged 2-18 years with a suspected disorder of consciousness. They will be identified by the treating clinical team initially.

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

• Between 2-18 years of age
• Assessed by the interdisciplinary team as having a disorder of consciousness
• Be under active investigation for diagnosis of DOC

Exclusion Criteria:

• Known hearing impairments
• Known profound visual impairments
• Known musicogenic epilepsy
• Seizure disorders that cause frequent and/or prolonged seizures
• English not first language

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Observational Models: Other
• Time Perspectives: Prospective

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Music therapy Sensory Instrument for Cognition, Consciousness and Awareness	Measure of awareness	2 weeks
Coma Recovery Scale - Revised	Diagnostic tool for disorders of consciousness	1 day

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Coma Near Coma Scale	Diagnostic tool for disorders of consciousness. Measuring wakefulness and awareness using sensory stimulation and ratings form responses. It is a scale comprised of 11 items with ratings for responses (0, 2, 4; 0 representing higher level response and 4 representing no response). The total score is calculated by adding the ratings and dividing by the number of items scored. Lower numbers indicate greater awareness/consciousness. The ranges are as follows: 0.00-0.89 indicates NO COMA; 0.90-2.00 indicates NEAR COMA; 2.01-2.89 indicates MODERATE COMA; 2.90-3.49 indicates MARKED COMA; 3.50-4.00 indicates EXTREME COMA	1 day
Nociception Coma Scale	Assessment tool for measuring responses to potentially painful care and/or stimulation of a potentially painful area. It is a scale comprised of 3 items (motor response, verbal response, and facial expression). Ratings consist of 0, 1, 2, 3, with higher ratings indicating higher level responses.The total score is calculated summing the subscores. The total score range is 0-9. A total score equal to or above 4 suggests the presence of pain.	1 day

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: The Children's Trust, United Kingdom
• Collaborators: Temple University
• Investigators: Study Director: Jonathan W Pool, PhD, Anglia Ruskin University

Publications and helpful links

General Publications

• Pool JW, Siegert RJ, Taylor S, Dunford C, Magee W. Evaluating the validity, reliability and clinical utility of the Music therapy Sensory Instrument for Cognition, Consciousness and Awareness (MuSICCA): protocol of a validation study. BMJ Open. 2020 Aug 13;10(8):e039713. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2020-039713.

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): April 1, 2022
• Primary Completion (Anticipated): April 1, 2025
• Study Completion (Anticipated): January 1, 2026

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: August 7, 2019
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: August 7, 2019
• First Posted (Actual): August 9, 2019

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): November 15, 2022
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: November 9, 2022
• Last Verified: November 1, 2022

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Mental Disorders; Nervous System Diseases; Neurologic Manifestations; Neurobehavioral Manifestations; Neurocognitive Disorders; Consciousness Disorders
• Other Study ID Numbers: TCT 021; 167534 (Other Identifier: National Health Service Health Research Authority)

Plan for Individual participant data (IPD)

• Plan to Share Individual Participant Data (IPD)?: Undecided
• IPD Plan Description: Following completion of the study, de-identified, anonymised data (with participant consent) will be available from the corresponding author. Data made available will include individual-level de-identified, anonymised participant data, excluding audio-visual recordings from the MuSICCA sessions.

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: No
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No