Velocity 2: An Anthrax Vaccine and Antibiotics Clinical Study

A Phase 2 Drug-Vaccine Interaction Study to Examine Whether Co-administering AV7909 With Ciprofloxacin or Doxycycline Affects Antibiotic Pharmacokinetics or AV7909 Immunogenicity in Healthy Adults

This study is designed to evaluate the pharmacokinetic (PK) profiles of ciprofloxacin or doxycycline when administered orally, prior to, and following, the intramuscular (IM) administration of a two-dose schedule of AV7909 administered two weeks apart.

Study Overview

• Status: Completed
• Conditions: Anthrax
• Intervention / Treatment: Drug: Ciprofloxacin 500Mg Tablet; Biological: AV7909; Drug: Doxycycline 100Mg Tablet

Detailed Description

This is a Phase 2, open-label, multicenter, randomized trial designed to evaluate the pharmacokinetic profile, immunogenicity, and safety of AV7909 and ciprofloxacin or doxycycline when administered concomitantly in healthy adults for an indication of post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) of anthrax.

Healthy adults between 18 to 45 years of age (inclusive) will sign and date an informed consent form and then be screened for eligibility for participation in the study 2 to 28 days prior to randomization. Participants meeting the entry criteria will be randomized 1:1:1 to one of the three study groups (AV7909 + ciprofloxacin, AV7909 + doxycycline and AV7909 only) on Day 1.

Subjects randomized into Groups 1 & 2 will be assigned to subgroups. Subgroup A will be assigned to the antibiotic PK treatment group first, while subgroup B will be assigned to the antibiotic non-PK treatment group.

Participants will be evaluated for safety through Day 51 [or the early withdrawal visit (EWV)], as assessed by clinical laboratory tests (hematology, serum chemistry, and urinalysis), monitoring of Adverse Events (AEs) including Serious Adverse Events (SAEs) and Adverse Events of Special Interest (AESIs), vital signs, and physical examinations. Adverse Events of Special Interest are adverse events associated with autoimmune disease as defined by the Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, and might represent a safety signal for vaccine-associated autoimmunity. Reactogenicity (solicited systemic and injection site reactions) will be assessed daily by the participants using electronic diaries (e-diaries) after each vaccination. The e-diary will also be used to record self-administration of antibiotics for applicable study groups.

Information on the use of medications will be collected at each study visit. In addition, blood samples for auto-antibody assessment will be taken at Day 1 pre-dose and Day 51 (or Early Withdrawal Visit).

Participants who receive at least one dose of vaccine will also be asked to participate in safety follow-up phone calls occurring on Month 3, Month 6, Month 9, and Month 12 (nominally 3, 6, 9, and 12 months after the last vaccination) to collect information on AEs, SAEs and any potential AESIs. Based on responses at these phone contacts, participants may be asked to return to the clinic for an unscheduled visit to provide blood samples for auto-antibody testing to investigate reports of potential AESIs.

Independent safety oversight will be provided by a Data Safety Monitoring Board, which will be notified of significant AEs, potential AEsIs, or any other events as determined by the Medical Monitor, on an ongoing basis.

• Study Type: Interventional
• Enrollment (Actual): 210
• Phase: Phase 2

Contacts and Locations

Study Locations

• United States
  • Florida
    • DeLand, Florida, United States, 32720
      • Avail Clinical Research, LLC
  • Missouri
    • Kansas City, Missouri, United States, 64114
      • The Center for Pharmaceutical Research
  • Nebraska
    • Omaha, Nebraska, United States, 68134
      • Meridian Clinical Research, LLC
  • Tennessee
    • Knoxville, Tennessee, United States, 37920
      • New Orleans Center for Clinical Research / Volunteer Research Group

Participation Criteria

Eligibility Criteria

• Ages Eligible for Study: 18 years to 45 years (Adult)
• Accepts Healthy Volunteers: Yes

Description

Inclusion Criteria:

1. Written informed consent obtained from the participant (dated, signed, and captured in the medical chart at the site).
2. A male or female, aged 18 to 45 years of age, inclusive, at the time of informed consent.
3. Healthy condition as established by medical history and clinical examination before entering into the study.
4. Body mass index (BMI) less than or equal to 35.0 kg/m^2 at the Screening visit.
5. Have adequate venous access for phlebotomies.
6. For a woman of childbearing potential (WOCBP), negative pregnancy test at Screening and pre-randomization on Day 1, not currently breastfeeding, and no intention to become pregnant during the study period through 12 months after last receipt of any investigational product (IP). Every female participant is considered to be a WOCBP unless she is surgically sterile (hysterectomy, bilateral salpingectomy or bilateral oophorectomy) OR postmenopausal (defined as >12 consecutive months without menses and screen follicle-stimulating hormone > 30 mIU/mL). Women who are not of childbearing potential are allowed to enroll if they are surgically sterile or postmenopausal as defined above.

Female participants randomized to Groups 1 or 2 must be willing to add a double-barrier method, IUD, or abstinence as back-up forms of birth control since ciprofloxacin and doxycycline may decrease the effectiveness of birth control pills, implantable or injectable contraceptives.

Exclusion Criteria:

1. A Screening clinical laboratory test result greater than the central laboratory's upper limit of normal (ULN) for aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), random glucose, total bilirubin, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), or creatinine. Other serum chemistry parameters that are not within the reference range will not be considered exclusionary unless deemed clinically significant by the principal investigator.
2. History of allergic reaction or intolerance to quinolone antimicrobials or any medical condition that would contraindicate the use of ciprofloxacin, including and not limited to vascular disorders, tendon disorders, certain genetic connective tissue disorders (e.g., Marfan and Ehlers-Danlos syndrome), prolongation of QT interval, seizures, peripheral neuropathy, increased risk of C. difficile infection.
3. History of allergic reaction or intolerance to tetracycline antibiotics or any medical condition that would contraindicate the use of doxycycline including an increased risk of C. difficile infection, increases in BUN or an increased sensitivity to direct sunlight or ultraviolet radiation resulting in erythema.
4. Has a need for any of the prohibited medications or requires the medications/foods within the prohibited times.
5. Have a tattoo/scar/birthmark or any other skin condition affecting the deltoid area that may interfere with injection site assessments.
6. History of anthrax disease, suspected exposure to anthrax, or previous vaccination with any anthrax vaccine.
7. Have previously served in the military any time after 1990 or plan to enlist in the military any time from Screening through the final telephone contact.
8. Previous anaphylactic reaction, severe systemic response, or serious hypersensitivity to a prior immunization or a known allergy to synthetic ODNs, aluminum, formaldehyde, benzethonium chloride (phemerol).
9. Plan to have an elective surgery at any point during the study until after the final safety phone contact.
10. Have donated or plan to donate blood within one month prior to enrollment or at any point during the study until after the final safety phone contact.
11. Use of any investigational or non-registered product (drug, vaccine or biologic) within 30 days preceding the dose of study vaccine, or planned use during the study until after the final safety phone contact.
12. Planned administration of any commercially-available vaccine from one week prior to the first study vaccination through two weeks after the last vaccination.
13. Have experienced chronic dosing (defined as more than 14 days) with any immune-modifying drugs within six months of study enrollment. This includes oral, intramuscular, intra-articular, intravenous, or inhalation corticosteroids except in the case of inhaled or intranasal medications for seasonal allergies.
14. Receipt of immunoglobulins and/or any blood products within the three months preceding study enrollment or at any point during the study period until after the final safety visit on Day 51.
15. An abnormal electrocardiogram (ECG) at screening interpreted as 'Abnormal, Significant'. Inclusion of participants with 'Abnormal, Insignificant' ECGs will be based on the principal investigator's discretion.
16. Have an active malignancy or history of metastatic or hematologic malignancy.
17. Have a history of an autoimmune, inflammatory, vasculitic or rheumaticor rheumatic disease including but not limited to systemic lupus erythematosus, Guillain-Barré syndrome, myasthenia gravis, polymyalgia rheumatica, diabetes mellitus type I, rheumatoid arthritis or scleroderma.
18. A positive laboratory evidence of hepatitis B, hepatitis C, or human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) HIV-1 or HIV-2 infection.
19. Positive result on urine drug screen, any evidence of ongoing drug abuse or dependence (including alcohol), or recent history (over the past five years) of treatment for alcohol or drug abuse.
20. Has an acute disease at the time of enrollment.
21. Any medical condition that, in the opinion of the investigator, could adversely impact the participant's involvement or the conduct of the study.
22. Have a significant chronic condition, e.g., serious cardiovascular, pulmonary, hepatic, type II diabetes mellitus or renal disease that, in the opinion of the investigator, would render treatment unsafe or would interfere with trial evaluations or completion of the study.
23. An opinion of the investigator that it would be unwise to allow the participant to be randomized into the study.
24. Member or immediate family member of an investigator site team.

Study Plan

How is the study designed?

Design Details

• Primary Purpose: Prevention
• Allocation: Randomized
• Interventional Model: Parallel Assignment
• Masking: None (Open Label)

Number of Arms

3

Arms and Interventions

Participant Group / Arm	Intervention / Treatment
Experimental: Group 1:Ciprofloxacin + AV7909; Participants meeting entry criteria will be randomized 1:1:1 to one of three investigational study groups. Groups 1 to 3 will each receive a manufactured lot of AV7909 per the study visit schedule. Group 1 will concomitantly receive ciprofloxacin.	Drug: Ciprofloxacin 500Mg Tablet; Ciprofloxacin 500mg administered by mouth every 12 hours. The antibiotic will be administered orally on Study Days 4-9, 22-24 and 31-37.; Biological: AV7909; 0.5mL AVA and 0.25mg CPG 7909 per 0.5mL dose.The vaccine will be administered intramuscularly on Study Days 8 and 23.
Experimental: Group 2: Doxycycline +AV7909; Participants meeting entry criteria will be randomized 1:1:1 to one of three investigational study groups. Groups 1 to 3 will each receive a manufactured lot of AV7909 per the study visit schedule. Group 2 will concomitantly receive doxycycline.	Biological: AV7909; 0.5mL AVA and 0.25mg CPG 7909 per 0.5mL dose.The vaccine will be administered intramuscularly on Study Days 8 and 23.; Drug: Doxycycline 100Mg Tablet; Doxycycline 100mg administered by mouth every 12 hours. The antibiotic will be administered orally on Study Days 2-9, 22-24 and 32-38.
Experimental: Group 3: AV7909; Participants meeting entry criteria will be randomized 1:1:1 to one of three investigational study groups. Groups 1 to 3 will each receive a manufactured lot of AV7909 per the study visit schedule.	Biological: AV7909; 0.5mL AVA and 0.25mg CPG 7909 per 0.5mL dose.The vaccine will be administered intramuscularly on Study Days 8 and 23.

What is the study measuring?

Primary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Ratio of Ciprofloxacin Area Under the Curve From 0 to 12 Hours (AUC0-12h) and Maximum Concentration (Cmax) on Days 8 and 35	Based on serum concentrations of ciprofloxacin on Day 8 (pre-AV7909 vaccination) and on Day 35 (post-AV7909 vaccination), steady state AUC0-12h and Cmax were derived, and geometric mean of ratio of AUC0-12h on Day35/Day 8 and geometric mean of ratio for Cmax on Day 35/Day8, and the corresponding 90% CI of the mean ratios were calculated.	Pre-dose and 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10 and 12 hours post-ciprofloxacin dose on Days 8 (pre-AV7909 vaccination) and 35 (post-AV7909 vaccination)
Ratio of Doxycycline Area Under the Curve From 0 to 12 Hours (AUC0-12h) and Maximum Concentration (Cmax) on Days 8 and 38	Based on serum concentrations of doxycycline on Day 8 (pre-AV7909 vaccination) and on Day 38 (post-AV7909 vaccination), steady state AUC0-12h and Cmax were derived, and geometric mean of ratio of AUC0-12h on Day38/Day 8 and geometric mean of ratio for Cmax on Day 38/Day8, and the corresponding 90% CI of the mean ratios were calculated.	Pre-dose and 0.25, 0.5, 0.75, 1, 1.5, 2, 2.5, 3, 4, 5, 6, 8, 10 and 12 hours post-doxycycline dose on Days 8 (pre-AV7909 vaccination) and 38 (post-AV7909 vaccination)

Secondary Outcome Measures

Outcome Measure	Measure Description	Time Frame
Geometric Mean TNA 50% Neutralizing Factor (NF50) Values Two Weeks After the Second AV7909 Vaccination (Day 37 ± 1 Day).	Immunogenicity response as assessed by geometric mean of TNA NF50 values at Day 37 (two weeks after second dose of AV7909 vaccination).	Day 37 ± 1 day

Collaborators and Investigators

• Sponsor: Emergent BioSolutions
• Collaborators: Biomedical Advanced Research and Development Authority

Study record dates

Study Major Dates

• Study Start (Actual): August 12, 2019
• Primary Completion (Actual): March 5, 2020
• Study Completion (Actual): March 19, 2020

Study Registration Dates

• First Submitted: July 15, 2019
• First Submitted That Met QC Criteria: August 21, 2019
• First Posted (Actual): August 26, 2019

Study Record Updates

• Last Update Posted (Actual): March 21, 2024
• Last Update Submitted That Met QC Criteria: March 19, 2024
• Last Verified: March 1, 2024

More Information

Terms related to this study

• Keywords: Vaccine; Pharmacokinetics; Antibiotics; Adjuvant; Doxycycline; Bacillus anthracis; Anthrax Vaccine Adsorbed; Post-exposure Prophylaxis; CPG 7909; Ciprofloxacin
• Additional Relevant MeSH Terms: Infections; Bacterial Infections; Bacterial Infections and Mycoses; Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections; Bacillaceae Infections; Anthrax; Molecular Mechanisms of Pharmacological Action; Anti-Infective Agents; Enzyme Inhibitors; Antineoplastic Agents; Topoisomerase II Inhibitors; Topoisomerase Inhibitors; Anti-Bacterial Agents; Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors; Antiprotozoal Agents; Antiparasitic Agents; Antimalarials; Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 Inhibitors; Doxycycline; Ciprofloxacin
• Other Study ID Numbers: EBS.AVA.210

Drug and device information, study documents

• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated drug product: Yes
• Studies a U.S. FDA-regulated device product: No